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Successfully Structuring Multicultural Teams in M&As - Based on the Example of EADS N.V.

Title: Successfully Structuring Multicultural Teams in M&As - Based on the Example of EADS N.V.

Bachelor Thesis , 2006 , 105 Pages , Grade: 1,7

Autor:in: Marco Smolen (Author)

Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance
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Summary Excerpt Details

This bachelor thesis gives information on how to succeed with teamwork in a cross-border and multicultural context, which is of major importance in the case of international mergers and acquisitions (M&As). A company’s management and people in charge of international teams not only face cultural diversity and the implications that come with it, but also the question of how to get teams to be most effective. What kind of leadership is most appropriate for teams and what factors influence teams in their efficiency are two of the most important questions to be answered. For that reason the present thesis concentrates on some of the major theories on M&As, culture, leadership, and team effectiveness and applies them to a practical example: European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company N.V. (EADS), a company that emerged from three culturally different companies in 2000 and that faced and still faces the challenges mentioned above. People from France, Germany, and Spain now need to work together to accomplish common goals, often by means of teamwork. The reader gets to know how EADS perceives and handles cultural diversity, exercises leadership, and achieves team effectiveness. The theory elements selected before serve as a guideline to see how EADS’ actions affected the challenges they faced. These findings from secondary sources together with in-depth interviews with a senior executive at EADS and other experts on multicultural teamwork provide the basis for recommendations on how to cope with cultural diversity after a merger or acquisition. These especially focus on what should be considered in this respect to make the transaction succeed after all. Critical comments and an outlook are added by the author at the end of this research paper.

Excerpt


Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Introduction

1.1 Executive Summary

1.2 Scope of Work

2 Problem

2.1 Definition of Problem

2.1.1 The need for Teams in a Merger or Acquisition

2.1.2 Cross-Cultural Challenges in Teams

2.1.3 Team Effectiveness

2.2 Reasoning and Motivation

2.3 Research Methods

3 Relevant Theories

3.1 Mergers and Acquisitions

3.1.1 Definition, Types, and Phases

3.1.2 Theories for Mergers and Acquisitions

3.1.2.1 Transaction Cost Theory

3.1.2.2 Agency Theory

3.1.2.3 Strategy

3.1.2.3.1 Resource-based View

3.1.2.3.2 Knowledge-based View

3.2 Culture

3.2.1 Definition

3.2.2 Theories for Culture

3.2.2.1 Kluckhohn / Strodtbeck

3.2.2.2 Hall

3.2.2.3 Hofstede

3.2.2.4 Trompenaars

3.2.2.5 Dülfer

3.2.2.6 GLOBE

3.3 Leadership

3.3.1 Definition and Approaches

3.3.2 Theories for Leadership

3.3.2.1 Blake and Mouton’s Managerial Grid Model

3.3.2.2 Lewin’s Leadership Styles

3.3.2.3 Likert’s Leadership Styles

3.3.2.4 French and Raven Power Taxonomy

3.3.2.5 Social Exchange Theory

3.3.2.6 Strategic Contingencies Theory

3.3.2.7 Fiedler’s Contingency Model

3.3.2.8 House’s Path-Goal Theory

3.3.2.9 Vroom-Yetton / Vroom-Jago Model

3.4 Teams

3.4.1 Definition

3.4.2 Theories for Teams

3.4.2.1 Tuckman’s Model of Group Development

3.4.2.2 Gersick’s Punctuated Equilibrium Model

3.4.2.3 Belbin’s Team Roles

3.4.2.4 Hackman’s Team Effectiveness Model

3.4.2.5 Guzzo & Shea’s Team Effectiveness Model

4 Selected Theory Elements

4.1 Geert Hofstede’s Culture Value Dimensions

4.1.1 Power Distance

4.1.2 Individualism versus Collectivism

4.1.3 Masculinity versus Femininity

4.1.4 Uncertainty Avoidance

4.1.5 Long-Term versus Short-Term Orientation

4.2 Likert’s Leadership Styles

4.2.1 Exploitative Authoritative

4.2.2 Benevolent Authoritative

4.2.3 Consultative

4.2.4 Participative

4.3 Hackman’s Team Effectiveness Model

4.3.1 Real Team

4.3.2 Compelling Direction

4.3.3 Enabling Structure

4.3.4 Supportive Organizational Context

4.3.5 Expert Coaching

5 Case - European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company N.V.

5.1 The Multinational Merger of EADS

5.1.1 About EADS

5.1.2 The Merger in 2000

5.2 Application of Selected Theory Elements

5.2.1 Hofstede’s Culture Value Dimensions

5.2.1.1 French Culture

5.2.1.2 German Culture

5.2.1.3 Spanish Culture

5.2.2 Likert – Leadership Styles

5.2.3 Hackman’s Team Effectiveness Model

5.3 Findings and Interpretation of Expert Interviews

5.3.1 Culture

5.3.2 Leadership

5.3.3 Teams

5.4 Solution of Case Problem

6 Conclusion / Critical Comments / Outlook

Zielsetzung & Themen der Arbeit

Diese Bachelorarbeit untersucht die Herausforderungen multikultureller Teamarbeit im Kontext internationaler Fusionen und Übernahmen (M&A). Ziel ist es, auf Basis wissenschaftlicher Theorien zu Unternehmenskultur, Führung und Team-Effektivität Handlungsempfehlungen zu entwickeln, um die Effizienz interkultureller Teams nachhaltig zu steigern, wobei das Beispiel der EADS N.V. als praktische Fallstudie dient.

  • Analyse von Theorien zu Mergers & Acquisitions und interkultureller Zusammenarbeit
  • Untersuchung von Führungsstilen in multikulturellen Arbeitsumfeldern
  • Anwendung von Team-Effektivitäts-Modellen auf die Praxis
  • Fallstudie zur EADS N.V. unter Berücksichtigung nationaler Kulturunterschiede
  • Auswertung von Experteninterviews zur praktischen Umsetzung

Auszug aus dem Buch

3.1.2.3.2 Knowledge-based View

The KBV is based on the findings for the RBV, but instead of regarding knowledge as one of the intangible assets it is considered the decisive criterion for companies. The firm becomes a “body of knowledge”. Tangible assets and “intangible relations are the results of human action, and depend ultimately on people for their continued existence.” There have been various definitions for knowledge in past research. Liebeskind (1996) defines it as “information whose validity has been established through test of proof”, while Bierly et al. (2000) regard knowledge “as clear understanding of information and their associated patterns and learning about knowledge [...] as the process of analysis and synthesis of information.” The theory states that firms vary in their knowledge identification, allocation, utility, transfer, and protection. There has been research on different types of knowledge, like explicit and implicit (or tacit) knowledge, as well as construed, internalized, and conceptual knowledge. Other economists concentrated on different levels, on which knowledge is examined, namely the individual and the collective level.

One of the major researchers in the area of knowledge is Ikojiro Nonaka, who introduced the theory of organizational knowledge creation. It explains how organizational knowledge is created and states that it is essential for continuous innovation, which in turn leads to competitive advantage. As the present research paper focuses on M&As, the most interesting issue addressed by Nonaka is the question of how knowledge is socialized and externalized, or transferred. Cross-cultural socialization is regarded as “a time-consuming and costly process that is indispensable to carrying out organizational knowledge creation across national boundaries.” This process is hard because it takes time to share tacit knowledge and build trust between people from different cultures, but it is necessary.

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel

1 Introduction: Das Kapitel bietet eine Einführung in die Thematik der multikulturellen Teamarbeit bei M&A-Prozessen sowie einen Überblick über die Struktur der Arbeit.

2 Problem: Es wird die Problematik der M&A-Integration erläutert, wobei insbesondere die Herausforderungen durch kulturelle Unterschiede und der Bedarf an effektiver Teamarbeit hervorgehoben werden.

3 Relevant Theories: Dieses Kapitel liefert den theoretischen Rahmen, indem es Theorien zu Mergers & Acquisitions, Unternehmenskultur, Führung und Team-Strukturen detailliert beschreibt.

4 Selected Theory Elements: Die Arbeit konzentriert sich hier auf spezifische Modelle wie die Kulturdimensionen von Hofstede, Likerts Führungsstile und Hackmans Team-Effektivitäts-Modell.

5 Case - European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company N.V.: In diesem Hauptteil wird die Theorie auf das Beispiel der EADS angewandt, ergänzt durch die Auswertung geführter Experteninterviews.

6 Conclusion / Critical Comments / Outlook: Das Fazit fasst die Ergebnisse zusammen und gibt einen Ausblick auf die zukünftige Bedeutung der interkulturellen Kompetenz in globalen Unternehmen.

Schlüsselwörter

Merger and Acquisition, EADS, interkulturelle Teams, kulturelle Vielfalt, Team-Effektivität, Führung, Unternehmenskultur, Geert Hofstede, Wissenstransfer, globale Wirtschaft, Management, Wissensbasierte Theorie, Zusammenarbeit, Kommunikation, Integration.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

Worum geht es in dieser Arbeit grundsätzlich?

Die Arbeit befasst sich mit der erfolgreichen Strukturierung und Führung von multikulturellen Teams im Rahmen von internationalen Unternehmensfusionen (M&A).

Was sind die zentralen Themenfelder?

Die zentralen Themenfelder sind Unternehmenskultur (insbesondere nationale Unterschiede), Führungstheorien sowie Modelle zur Messung und Verbesserung der Team-Effektivität.

Was ist das primäre Ziel der Forschung?

Das Ziel ist es, aufzuzeigen, wie Unternehmen kulturelle Unterschiede nach einer Fusion konstruktiv nutzen können, um durch effektives Team-Management Wettbewerbsvorteile zu generieren.

Welche wissenschaftliche Methode wird verwendet?

Die Arbeit kombiniert eine umfassende Literaturanalyse bestehender Management-Theorien mit einer qualitativen Fallstudie, die durch Experteninterviews gestützt wird.

Was wird im Hauptteil der Arbeit behandelt?

Der Hauptteil analysiert die theoretischen Konzepte, wendet diese auf das Praxisbeispiel EADS N.V. an und interpretiert die Ergebnisse aus den durchgeführten Experteninterviews.

Welche Schlüsselbegriffe charakterisieren die Arbeit?

Die Arbeit wird durch Begriffe wie M&A-Integration, kulturelle Diversität, Team-Strukturen, Führungssysteme und Wissensmanagement charakterisiert.

Warum wurde EADS N.V. als Fallbeispiel gewählt?

EADS entstand aus drei kulturell unterschiedlichen Unternehmen (Deutschland, Frankreich, Spanien) und bietet damit ein ideales Beispiel, um die Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze für multikulturelle Zusammenarbeit in der Praxis zu untersuchen.

Welche Rolle spielt die Unternehmenskultur bei der EADS-Fusion?

Die unterschiedlichen nationalen Arbeitsweisen (z.B. in der Machtdistanz) waren zentral. Die EADS-Führung nutzte Instrumente wie "Cross-Reporting", um kulturelles Vertrauen aufzubauen und Integration zu fördern.

Welchen Einfluss haben Hofstedes Dimensionen auf die Analyse?

Hofstedes Dimensionen dienen als analytisches Werkzeug, um die kulturellen Unterschiede zwischen den französischen, deutschen und spanischen Teams systematisch zu erfassen und darauf aufbauend Management-Empfehlungen auszusprechen.

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Details

Title
Successfully Structuring Multicultural Teams in M&As - Based on the Example of EADS N.V.
College
University of Applied Sciences Essen
Grade
1,7
Author
Marco Smolen (Author)
Publication Year
2006
Pages
105
Catalog Number
V57468
ISBN (eBook)
9783638519229
ISBN (Book)
9783640959983
Language
German
Tags
Successfully Structuring Multicultural Teams M&As Based Example EADS Mergers Acquisitions Teamwork international multinational culture leadership
Product Safety
GRIN Publishing GmbH
Quote paper
Marco Smolen (Author), 2006, Successfully Structuring Multicultural Teams in M&As - Based on the Example of EADS N.V., Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/57468
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