,QKDOWVYHU]HLFKQLV
(LQOHLWXQJ
.RPPXQLNDWLRQVZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKHU$VSHNW .RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VH
%HJULIIVHUNOlUXQJ .RPPXQLNDWLRQ $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKH 7XUQ7DNLQJ
7XUQ%LOGXQJGXUFKGLH9LHU)HOGHU/HKUHHYRQQ.DUO%KOHU 5XOH6HW ,QWRQDWLRQ 1RQYHUEDOHbXHUXQJHQ
)XQNWLRQVVW|UXQJHQGHV7XUQ7DNLQJ 8QWHUEUHFKXQJHQ
3UREOHPDWLVFKHH7\SHQQGHVV2YHUODSV $EODXIIHLQHVV2YHUODSV $XIO|VXQJHLQHVV2YHUODSV
5HSDUDWXU0HFKDQLVPHQGHV7XUQ7DNLQJ
8QWHUVXFKXQJVHUJHEQLVVHIU'HXWVFKODQG 7XUQV $Q]DKOGHU7XUQV /lQJHHGHU7XUQV
7XUQ7DNLQJ 5XOH6HW 7XUQHLQOHLWHQGH)ORVNHOQ
3DXVHQ
,QWRQDWLRQ
1RQYHUEDOH0HUNPDOH 0LPLN *HVWLN .|USHUSRVLWXU
)XQNWLRQVVW|UXQJHQ $Q]DKOGHU2YHUODSV $UWGHU2YHUODSV 2UWGHU2YHUODSV 'DXHUGHU2YHUODSVV
5HSDUDWXU0HFKDQLVPHQ
8QWHUVXFKXQJVHUJHEQLVVHIU*UREULWDQQLHQ 7XUQV $Q]DKOGHU7XUQV /lQJHHGHU7XUQV
7XUQ7DNLQJ 5XOH6HW 7XUQHLQOHLWHQGH)ORVNHOQ
3DXVHQ
,QWRQDWLRQ
1RQYHUEDOH0HUNPDOH 0LPLN *HVWLN .|USHUSRVLWXU
$Q]DKOGHU2YHUODSV 2UWGHU2YHUODSV
9HUJOHLFK'HXWVFKODQGXQG*UREULWDQQLHQ
5XOH6HW
3DXVHQ
,QWRQDWLRQ
1RQYHUEDOH0HUNPDOH 0LPLN .|USHUSRVLWXU
$Q]DKOGHU2YHUODSV $UWGHU2YHUODSV 'DXHUGHU2YHUODSVV
)D]LW
/LWHUDWXUYHU]HLFKQLV $SSHQGL[[
$EELOGXQJVYHU]HLFKQLV
7DEHOOHQYHU]HLFKQLV
7DE7UDQVFULSW1RWDWLRQ
7DE$Q]DKOGHU7XUQVLQ'HXWVFKODQG 7DE7XUQ/lQJHHLQ:|UWHUQLQ'HXWVFKODQG
7DE5XOH6HWLQ'HXWVFKODQG
7DE9HUWHLOXQJGHU3DXVHQLQ'HXWVFKODQG
7DE'LHH,QWRQDWLRQQXQGGGHUHQ$XVZLUNXQJLQQ'HXWVFKODQG
7DE3DXVHQOlQJHXQGG3DXVHQYHUWHLOXQJLQQ'HXWVFKODQG
7DE5XOH6HWWLQQ*UREULWDQQLHQ
7DE(LQOHLWHQGH)ORVNHOQLQ*UREULWDQQLHQ
7DE*HVWLNNGHVV6SUHFKHUVVXQGG+|UHUVLQ*UREULWDQQLHQ 7DE.|USHUSRVLWXUGHVV6SUHFKHUVVXQGG+|UHUVLQQ*UREULWDQQLHQ 7DE$UWHQQGHU2YHUODSVLQ*UREULWDQQLHQ 7DE9HUWHLOXQJGHU2YHUODSVVLQ*UREULWDQQLHQD
7DE9HUWHLOXQJGHU2YHUODSVVLQ*UREULWDQQLHQE
7DE9HUJOHLFKGHU7XUQ/lQJH 7DE'DV5XOH6HWWLPP9HUJOHLFK
7DE9HUJOHLFKKGHUWXUQHLQOHLWHQGHQQ)ORVNHOQ 7DE9HUJOHLFKGHU3DXVHQYHUWHLOXQJ 7DE3DXVHQOlQJHLPP9HUJOHLFK
7DE3DVVLYLWlWWLQQ*HVWLNNGHU6SUHFKHULP9HUJOHLFKK
7DE$NWLYLWlWWLQQ.|USHUSRVLWXUGHU6SUHFKHULP9HUJOHLFKK 7DE3DVVLYLWlWWLQQ.|USHUSRVLWXUGHU6SUHFKHULPP9HUJOHLFKK
7DE$UWHQQGHU2YHUODSVVLP9HUJOHLFK
7DE'XUFKVFKQLWWOLFKHH'DXHUGHU2YHUODSVVLP9HUJOHLFKK
(LQOHLWXQJ
(PDQXHOO $ 6FKHJORII +DUYH\ 6DFNVV XQGG *DLOO -HIIHUVRQQ JHOWHQQ DOVV GLH ZLFKWLJVWHQQ VRZLHH ULFKWXQJZHLVHQGHQQ 9HUWUHWHU GHU .RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VHH XQG KDEHQQ VLFKK EHUHLWVV LQQ GHQQ HU -DKUHQ LQWHQVLY PLWW GHPP 7KHPDD 7XUQ7DNLQJ DXVHLQDQGHUJHVHW]W,KUU$XIVDW]Ä$$6LPSOHVW6\VWHPDWLFVIRUWKHH2UJDQL]DWLRQQRI 7XUQ7DNLQJ IRU &RQYHUVDWLRQ´ OHJWW DXII GHU %DVLV HPSLULVFKHU 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQQ JUXQGOHJHQGH5HJHOQQGHVV6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOVIHVWGLHQRFKKHXWHLPPHUZLHGHU YRQQ :LVVHQVFKDIWOHUQQ ]LWLHUWW ZHUGHQ :HLWHUH HPSLULVFKHH 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQ GLH ]XU 6SH]LIL]LHUXQJ GHVV JHVDPWHQQ 6\VWHPV GHVV 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOV EHLWUDJHQ ZXUGHQQ ELVV ]X %HJLQQQ GHU HU -DKUH YHUVWlUNWW GXUFKJHIKUW ,PP )ROJHQGHQ =HLWUDXPP JLEWW HVV NDXP QRFKK /LWHUDWXU DXI GLH PDQQ ]XUFNJUHLIHQQ NDQQ 'HU *UXQGG KLHUIU LVW PLU DOOHUGLQJV XQEHNDQQW ,FKK NDQQQ QXU DQQHKPHQ GDVVV GHU $XIZDQGG GHVV 7UDQVNULELHUHQVV YRQQ *HVSUlFKVDXVVFKQLWWHQ DXI 9LGHRVV ]XX JUR ZDU XQGG GLHH )RUVFKHU DEJHVFKUHFNWW KDW 'HPP ZLUNHQQ LQ]ZLVFKHQQ MHGRFK GLH 7UDQVNULSWLRQVV\VWHPH HQWJHJHQ GLH WHLOZHLVHH JUDWLVV JHQXW]WW ZHUGHQ N|QQHQ 9ROONRPPHQQDXVJHUHLIWVLQGGGLHVHH3URJUDPPHHMHGRFKKQRFKKQLFKW
'DD PHLQH 0DJLVWHUDUEHLWW VLFK PLW GHP NXOWXUHOOHQQ 9HUJOHLFKK GHV 3KlQRPHQV 7XUQ7DNLQJ EHVFKlIWLJW LVWW HVV PHLQ =LHO GLHH YRU DOOHPP YRQQ 6FKHJORII 6DFNV XQG -HIIHUVRQ DXIJHVWHOOWHQ 5HJHOQQ LP GHXWVFKHQ XQG HQJOLVFKHQ 6SUDFKUDXPPDQ]XZHQGHQXPP]XXQWHUVXFKHQZHOFKHHNXOWXUHOOHQQ8QWHUVFKLHGH HVV ]ZLVFKHQQ 'HXWVFKODQGG XQGG *UREULWDQQLHQQ JLEW +LHUEHL JHKWW HV DXVVFKOLHOLFKKXPGLHHJHVSURFKHQHH6SUDFKHHLQ$OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHQQXQGGZHOFKHQ (LQIOXVVVXQWHUDQGHUHP,QWRQDWLRQ%OLFN.|USHUKDOWXQJXQGG3DXVHQVHW]XQJDXI GHQQ3UR]HVVVGHVV6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOVKDEHQ'LHJUXQGOHJHQGHH)UDJHGLHLFKKPLU LP 5DKPHQQ GLHVHU $UEHLWW VWHOOH ODXWHW REE HVV EHL GHU 2UJDQLVDWLRQQ YRQ 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOQQ LQ $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHQ NXOWXUHOOH 8QWHUVFKLHGH JLEWW XQG ZLHH GLHVHHLP9HUJOHLFKK]ZLVFKHQQ'HXWVFKODQGXQG*UREULWDQQLHQDXVIDOOHQ
%HYRU LFKK PLW GHQ HPSLULVFKHQ 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQQ EHJLQQH ZHUGHH LFK DXII GLH WKHRUHWLVFKHQ *UXQGODJHQQ GHVV 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOV HLQJHKHQ +LHU EH]LHKHH LFK PLFK KDXSWVlFKOLFKK DXI GLH .ODVVLNHU (PDQXHO $ 6FKHJORIIV +DUYH\ 6DFNV
XQG *DLO -HIIHUVRQV GLHH VLFK PLW GHQ *UXQGUHJHOQQ GHVV 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOV GHVVHQQ$EODXIXQGPLWDXIWUHWHQGHQQ6W|UXQJHQQDXVHLQDQGHUVHW]HQ'LH.OlUXQJ GLHVHU %HJULIIHH XQG GDVV (UNHQQHQ JUXQGOHJHQGHU =XVDPPHQKlQJHH GLHVHV NRPSOH[HQQ 6\VWHPV VLQGG *UXQGYRUDXVVHW]XQJ IU GDV 9HUVWlQGQLVV GHU DQVFKOLHHQGHQQ8QWHUVXFKXQJHQ
1DFKGHPP GLHH WKHRUHWLVFKHH %DVLV IU GLH HPSLULVFKHQ 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQQ JHOHJW ZXUGHZHUGHHLFKKPLFKPLWGHQ$OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHQSUDNWLVFKDXVHLQDQGHUVHW]HQ $OVV 8QWHUVXFKXQJVJUXQGODJHH QXW]HH LFKK *HVSUlFKVDXVVFKQLWWHH DXVV GHU GHXWVFKHQ XQGG HQJOLVFKHQQ )HUQVHKVKRZ Ä%LJJ %URWKHU³ GD GLHVHVV 0DWHULDOO IUHL ]XJlQJOLFKK LVWW XQGG GLHH *HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHU LQ HLQHUU IU GLH 7HLOQHKPHU GHU 6KRZUHODWLYQHXWUDOHQ8PJHEXQJDXI9LGHRDXIJH]HLFKQHWWZXUGHQ
0LWW GHU +LOIHH HLQHV 7UDQVNULSWLRQVV\VWHPV ZHUGHH LFKK GLHH LP 9LGHRIRUPDW DXIJH]HLFKQHWHQQ *HVSUlFKH WUDQVNULELHUHQ XQGG DQVFKOLHHQGG LQ %H]XJ DXI ,QWRQDWLRQ 3DXVHQOlQJH %OLFNULFKWXQJ XQG ZHLWHUH 0HUNPDOHH XQWHUVXFKHQ $EVFKOLHHQG ZHUGHQQ GLH (UJHEQLVVHH GHU GHXWVFKHQ XQG HQJOLVFKHQ *HVSUlFKVDXVVFKQLWWH JHJHQEHUJHVWHOOW XQG LFK ZHUGHH XQWHUVXFKHQ LQ ZHOFKHQQ 0HUNPDOHQQ HV LQQ 'HXWVFKODQGG XQG *UREULWDQQLHQQ bKQOLFKNHLWHQQ JLEW XQGGLQZHOFKHQQ%HUHLFKHQQVLFKGHU6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOOXQWHUVFKHLGHW
'LHVH HPSLULVFKHH 8QWHUVXFKXQJ LVW ZLFKWLJ GD GHU LQWHUNXOWXUHOOHH .RQWDNW XQGG $XVWDXVFKK HLQQ JURHUU %HVWDQGWHLO GHU PRGHUQHQ :HOW VRZLHH GHU IRUWVFKUHLWHQGHQQ*OREDOLVLHUXQJLVW0LWWPHLQHQ8QWHUVXFKXQJHQQLP5DKPHQQGHU 0DJLVWHUDUEHLWW P|FKWH LFKK GD]XX EHLWUDJHQ GDVVV HVV ]ZLVFKHQQ GHQ .XOWXUHQ ZHQLJHU NRPPXQLNDWLRQVWHFKQLVFKHH 0LVVYHUVWlQGQLVVHH JLEW XPP GDV LQWHUNXOWXUHOOH=XVDPPHQOHEHQQXQGG$UEHLWHQQKDUPRQLVFKHU]XXJHVWDOWHQQXQGGGLH )DOOLELOLWlWWGHUU.RPPXQLNDWLRQQDXIHLQQ0LQLPXP]XUHGX]LHUHQ
.RPPXQLNDWLRQVZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKHU$VSHNW
'LHVHUUNRPPXQLNDWLRQVZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKH%HLWUDJEHVFKlIWLJWVLFKDXVVFKOLHOLFK PLW GHUU JHVSURFKHQHQ 6SUDFKH (VV JHKW XPP GLHH YHUEDOHH XQGG QRQYHUEDOH ]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKH .RPPXQLNDWLRQ DQ GHU PLQGHVWHQVV ]ZHL ,QGLYLGXHQ EHWHLOLJWW VLQG (VV ZLUGG XQWHUVXFKW ZLHH GHUU 6HQGHUU GHQQ (PSIlQJHU GXUFK EHVWLPPWH 5HJHOQQ GHVV 7XUQ7DNLQJ VWHXHUQQ XQGG EHHLQIOXVVHQ ZLOO XQGG ZLHH 6HQGHUXQG(PSIlQJHUPLWGLHVHQQ5HJHOQLQQYHUVFKLHGHQHQQ.XOWXUHQXPJHKHQ 'LHVHH 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQ EDVLHUHQ DXI GHQ 0HWKRGHQ GHU .RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VH 'DVVKHLWLPHUVWHQ6FKULWWWZHUGHQQEHUHLWVYRUKDQGHQH'DWHQXQG+\SRWKHVHQ JHVDPPHOWLP]ZHLWHQ6FKULWWWZLUGEHUSUIWREEVLFKGLHH*HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHU DQQGHQQ]XYRUDXIJHVWHOOWHQQ+\SRWKHVHQRULHQWLHUHQXQGREVLHHLKUH(UZDUWXQJHQQ XQGG +DQGOXQJ GDUDQ DXVULFKWHQ $EVFKOLHHQGG ZLUG XQWHUVXFKW ZHOFKH $XVZLUNXQJHQQ GLHVHH 5HJHOQ XQG +\SRWKHVHQQ DXI GLHH 6WUXNWXULHUXQJ GHV 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOVKDEHQYJO/HYLQVRQQ
,FKK KDEHH HVV PLU ]XPP =LHO JHVHW]W GLH 6WUXNWXU XQG )XQNWLRQVZHLVHH GHV 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOVV DOVV HLQHQ %HVWDQGWHLO GHU ]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ .RPPXQLNDWLRQQ PLWW GHU +LOIH WKHRUHWLVFKHU XQG HPSLULVFKHU 0HWKRGHQ ]X XQWHUVXFKHQ XP GLH LQWHUNXOWXUHOOH .RPPXQLNDWLRQQ ]X YHUHLQIDFKHQQ XQGG ]X YHUEHVVHUQ
.RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VH
'LH .RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VHH XQWHUVXFKWW GLHH 2UJDQLVDWLRQ VRZLH GHQ $EODXII YRQ $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHQQ XQG GHVVHQQ 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHO +LHUEHL JHKHQ 6FKHJORII 6DFNVV XQGG -HIIHUVRQQ DOVV ULFKWXQJZHLVHQGHH 9HUWUHWHU GHU .RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VH LQVEHVRQGHUHH DXII GDVV 3KlQRPHQ GHVV 7XUQ7DNLQJ HLQ ZHOFKHVVGHQQ.HUQGLHVHU$QDO\VHHELOGHW,KU)RUVFKXQJV]LHOLVWHVGLH6WUXNWXU GLHH HLQHUVHLWVV YRUJHJHEHQQ LVWW DQGHUHUVHLWV MHGRFKK ORNDO JHOHQNWW ZLUG ]X HUNHQQHQ GDPLW $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHH RKQHH IHKOHUKDIWHH hEHUVFKQHLGXQJHQQ XQG hEHUODSSXQJHQQDEODXIHQQN|QQHQ
6WHSKHQ & /HYLQVRQQ EHVFKUHLEWW GLHH .RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VHH LQ Ä3UDJPDWLN³ DOV HLQH HPSLULVFKH 9RUJHKHQVZHLVH GHQQ GLHH KLHU HUODQJWHQ ZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKHQ(UNHQQWQLVVHHZHUGHQEHUZLHJHQGGGXUFKGDV9HUIDKUHQGHU ,QGXNWLRQQ JHZRQQHQ 'LH (LQ]HOSKlQRPHQHH ZHUGHQQ VFKOXVVIROJHUQG ]XVDPPHQJHIDVVW LQGHP PDQ YRQQ YLHOHQ (LQ]HOIlOOHQQ DXII GDV $OOJHPHLQH VFKOLHW ,PP )DOO GHU .RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VH KHLW GDV GDVV $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHH DXVJHZHUWHWW XQGG DXI *HPHLQVDPNHLWHQQ XQWHUVXFKWW ZHUGHQ ,QVEHVRQGHUHH ZLUG EHREDFKWHW ZHOFKH $XIIlOOLJNHLWHQ EHLP 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHO KHUYRUVWHFKHQQ XQG ZLHH KlXILJ VLFKK GLHVH LQQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQQ *HVSUlFKHQ GHVV $OOWDJVV ZLHGHUKROHQ 'HU:RUWZHFKVHO]ZLVFKHQQGHQQ*HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHUQQZLUGVWlQGLJQDFKKLPPHU ZLHGHUU DXIWUHWHQGHQQ 0XVWHUQQ DEJHVXFKW GDPLWW NHLQHH YRUHLOLJHQQ 6FKOVVHH DXV HLQLJHQQ ZHQLJHQQ 'DWHQ JH]RJHQQ ZHUGHQ %HYRU HLQHH 7KHRULHH HQWVWHKW PXVV GLHVHH GXUFKK XPIDQJUHLFKHVV 'DWHQ XQG 8QWHUVXFKXQJVPDWHULDO EHZLHVHQQ ZHUGHQ $XI GLHVHH :HLVHH P|FKWHH PDQ HLQHH EHUVWU]WHH %LOGXQJ YRQQ 7KHRULHQ YHUPHLGHQQ XQGG DXVV GHP YRUKDQGHQHQQ 'DWHQPDWHULDO ZHUGHQQ QXU 6FKOVVH JH]RJHQGLHHPLWW%HZHLVHQQEHOHJWWZHUGHQQN|QQHQYJO/HYLQVRQQ
,QQ GHQQ IROJHQGHQQ .DSLWHOQQ JHKHH LFKK DXII GLHH WKHRUHWLVFKHQ (LQ]HOKHLWHQQ GHU .RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VHH HLQ XQG ZHUGHH GDPLW HLQHH ZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKH *UXQGODJH IU GDV 9HUVWHKHQQ GHVV 3KlQRPHQV 7XUQ7DNLQJ EH]LHKXQJVZHLVHH GHQ 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOVFKDIIHQ(VVZLUGVLFKK]HLJHQGDVVVGLH.RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VH DXVV YLHOHQQ NOHLQHQQ HLQ]HOQHQQ )DNWHQQ EHVWHKW GLHH ]XVDPPHQJHIJW HLQ
NRPSOH[HVV*HELOGHHUJHEHQGDVQRFKZHLWHUHUIRUVFKWZHUGHQPXVV'HQQQQXU VRR N|QQHQ ZLU YHUVWHKHQ ZLH GHU 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOO LQ $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHQ VRR JHRUGQHWWDEODXIHQNDQQ
%HJULIIVHUNOlUXQJ .RPPXQLNDWLRQ
/HQNH /XW] XQGG 6SUHQJHU EHVFKUHLEHQQ GHQ %HJULII .RPPXQLNDWLRQ LQQ Ä*UXQGODJHQQ VSUDFKOLFKHU .RPPXQLNDWLRQ³ DOV HLQHQQ 3UR]HVVV ]XP $XVWDXVFK EH]LHKXQJVZHLVHH ]XPP hEHUWUDJHQQ YRQQ ,QIRUPDWLRQHQ .RPPXQLNDWLRQ YHUIROJW VRPLWW GDVV =LHO ,QIRUPDWLRQHQ ]XX EHUPLWWHOQQ XQGG DXV]XWDXVFKHQ 'LHVHV 0LWWHLOHQQ GHU ,QIRUPDWLRQHQ XQG =HLFKHQ ELOGHWW GHQ ]HQWUDOHQQ $VSHNW YRQ YHUEDOHU XQG QRQYHUEDOHU .RPPXQLNDWLRQ $OVV QRQYHUEDOH .RPPXQLNDWLRQ ZHUGHQQKLHU0LPLNXQG*HVWLNNDXIJHIKUWZlKUHQGGGLHHYHUEDOHH.RPPXQLNDWLRQ DOVV HLQ .RPPXQLNDWLRQVSUR]HVV EDVLHUHQG DXI GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 6SUDFKHH EHVFKULHEHQQZLUG
'DD GLHVHU 3UR]HVVV QRFKK lXHUVWW VWDWLVFKK XQG HLQVHLWLJ HUVFKHLQWHUZHLWHUQQ ZLUU LKQQ DXI GLH LQWHUDNWLYH .RPPXQLNDWLRQ 'HU 6HQGHU WHLOW GHP +|UHUU HWZDVV PLW DQVFKOLHHQGG HPSIlQJW GHU +|UHU GLHVHH 1DFKULFKWW XQGG UHDJLHUW GDUDXI (V NRPPWVRPLWW]XHLQHUZHFKVHOVHLWLJHQQ%H]LHKXQJLQGHUIUGLHVHH$UEHLWWQXUGHU :HFKVHO GHU 5HGQHU LQWHUHVVDQW LVWW XQGG ZLHH GLHVHH hEHUJl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lQJHU HLQH EHVWLPPWH +DQGOXQJ EH]LHKXQJVZHLVHHHLQEHVWLPPWHVV+DQGOXQJV]LHOEDVLHUHQGGDXIGHULQGLYLGXHOOHQ :HOWWKHRULH GHV (PSIlQJHUV XQWHUVWHOOW 'HU 6HQGHUU EHUPLWWHOW VRPLW HLQH ,QIRUPDWLRQ XQG GHU (PSIlQJHU LQWHUSUHWLHUW GLHVH DQVFKOLHHQG HQWVSUHFKHQGG VHLQHUUHLJHQHQQELVKHUUJHPDFKWHQ(UIDKUXQJHQ$XVVFKOLHOLFKKDXIGHUU%DVLVGHU 6FKQLWWPHQJHH GHU ELVKHU YRQQ EHLGHQQ JHPDFKWHQ (UIDKUXQJHQQ LVW ]X HUNHQQHQ ZDQQQGHU6SUHFKHU]XPP%HLVSLHOHLQHH5HGHSDXVHH]XPP1DFKGHQNHQPDFKWWRGHU HLQHH /FNH OlVVW GDPLWW MHPDQG DQGHUHV GDVV :RUWW HUJUHLIHQQ NDQQ YJO
8QJHKHXHU8QJHKHXHUEHVFKUHLEWWGHQQVR]LRSHU]HSWLYHQQ.RQWDNW ZLHHIROJW
Ä(LQQ *HVSUlFK ]ZLVFKHQ ]ZHL 0HQVFKHQ EHVFKUlQNWW VLFK QLFKWW DXI GDV QRWZHQGLJHH NRPPXQLNDWLYHH 7XQ 9LHOPHKU ZLUGG YRP HUVWHQQ:DKUQHKPXQJVNRQWDNWW DQ GHU GHQQ MHZHLOVV DQGHUHQQ LQ VHLQHU (UVFKHLQXQJJ SUlVHQWLHUW HLQHH (LQVFKlW]XQJJ XQG %HXUWHLOXQJJ GHU JHVDPWHQQ 3HUVRQ DXIJHEDXW GLHH ]ZLVFKHQ GHQQ EHLGHQQ .RPPXQLNDWLRQVSDUWQHUQQ HLQH %H]LHKXQJJ ]XJUXQGH OHJW ZHOFKHH DXFKK RKQHH MHGHH NRPPXQLNDWLYHH $NWLRQQ KlWWH ]XVWDQGH NRPPHQQN|QQHQ³8QJHKHXHU6
%HL *HUROG 8QJHKHXHU JHVFKLHKWW GLH YHUEDOHH RGHU DXFK VSUDFKOLFKH .RPPXQLNDWLRQ
Ä««GXUFKJHVSURFKHQHHRGHUJHVFKULHEHQHH5HGH]ZLVFKHQ,QGLYLGXHQGLHVLFKLQVWlQGLJHP 3UR]HGLHUHQ LQQHUHU +DQGOXQJHQ EHILQGHQ XQG QLFKWW GXUFK hEHUUHLFKHQ VHPDQWLVFK HLQVFKLFKWLJJNRGLHUWHUJHVSURFKHQHURGHUJHVFKULHEHQHU7H[WHGLHH]XXGHNRGLHUHQVLQG'DV .RPPXQLNDWLRQV]LHOO ZLUGG ]XX HUUHLFKHQQ YHUVXFKW LQGHP GLHH .RPPXQLNDWLRQVSDUWQHU QDFK GHQQ 5HJHOQQ GHV .RPPXQLNDWLRQVV\VWHPV DXI PHKUHUHQQ LQQHUHQ (EHQHQ SUR]HGLHUHQ³8QJHKHXHU6
:REHLL ZLUU XQV QXU DXI GLHH JHVSURFKHQH 6SUDFKHH NRQ]HQWULHUHQ GDD GHU 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOKLHUEHVRQGHUVVLQWHUHVVDQWHUVFKHLQW(ULVWHLQHUVHLWVVVSRQWDQ XQGGLQGLYLGXHOODQGHUHUVHLWVVDEHUDXFKKJHOHQNWWGXUFKK5HJHOQQXQGG1RUPHQ'LH QRQYHUEDOHH .RPPXQLNDWLRQ GLH HQJ PLW GHU YHUEDOHQQ .RPPXQLNDWLRQ YHUEXQGHQ LVW EH]HLFKQHW 8QJHKHXHU DOVV Ä«GLH *HVDPWKHLWW DOOHU GHUMHQLJHQQ .RPPXQLNDWLRQVKDQGOXQJHQ GLH NHLQH 6SUHFKKDQGOXQJHQ VLQG³8QJHKHXHU6$OOHUGLQJVPXVVVDXFKQRQYHUEDOHH.RPPXQLNDWLRQ EHU HLQHH ,QWHQWLRQQ YHUIJHQ EHYRU PDQQ VLHH .RPPXQLNDWLRQQ QHQQHQQ GDUI 8QJHKHXHU GUFNW GDV ZLH IROJW DXV ÄHVV VLQG /|VXQJHQ SUDNWLVFKHU 3UREOHPH ZREHL GDV JHVHW]WHH =LHO GDULQ EHVWHKW GHP 3DUWQHU HLQ :LVVHQ ]XNRPPHQQ]XODVVHQ³8QJHKHXHU6
'LHVHH $UEHLWW EHVFKUlQNWW VLFKK DXI GLH )DFHWR)DFHH .RPPXQLNDWLRQ XQG GHUHQ 5HGQHUZHFKVHO )U GLH 7HLOQHKPHU DQ HLQHP *HVSUlFK LVW HVV ZLFKWLJ GDVV GLHVHH EHU HLQHQQ (UIDKUXQJVVFKDW] YHUIJHQ GHUU VLFKK EHUVFKQHLGHW 1XUU VR NDQQQ HVV DXI GHU *UXQGODJHH JHPHLQVDPHU (UIDKUXQJHQQ XQGG JHPHLQVDPHQ
:LVVHQVV]XU9HUVWlQGLJXQJ]ZLVFKHQQGHQQ.RPPXQLNDWLRQVSDUWQHUQQNRPPHQ,QQ GLHVHU $UEHLW VWHOOH LFK PLU GLH )UDJH RE VLFKK GLHH .RPPXQLNDWLRQ XQGG H[SOL]LWW GHU 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHO LQ GHQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQQ /lQGHUQQ XQWHUVFKHLGHQQ XQGG ZHQQ HVV 8QWHUVFKLHGHH JLEW ZHOFKHH HVV VLQG 'HVV :HLWHUHQQ LVWW LQWHUHVVDQW REE GLHVH NXOWXUHOOHQQ 8QWHUVFKLHGHH VWDUNHQQ (LQIOXVV DXI GDVV =XVDPPHQWUHIIHQ YRQ 0HQVFKHQYHUVFKLHGHQHU.XOWXUHQQKDEHQ
$OOWDJVJHVSUlFKH
'DVV $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKK ELOGHWW GLH 8QWHUVXFKXQJVJUXQGODJHH LP HPSLULVFKHQQ 7HLO GLHVHU $UEHLW GD GLH XQWHUVXFKWHQQ *HVSUlFKHH DXVV $OOWDJVVLWXDWLRQHQQ GHU *HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHU VWDPPHQ $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHH VLQG ZHQLJHU DQQ 1RUPHQ JHEXQGHQQ DOVV IRUPDOLVLHUWHH *HVSUlFKH ZLHH PQGOLFKH 3UIXQJHQQ RGHU *HULFKWVYHUKDQGOXQJHQ 'LH *HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHU DJLHUHQQ PLWHLQDQGHU JHKHQ DXIHLQDQGHU HLQ XQGG SDVVHQQ VLFKK ZlKUHQG GHVV *HVSUlFKVV DQQ GDVV VR]LDOH 8PIHOGDQ
+DQVV 5DPJH VFKUHLEWW LQQ Ä$OOWDJVJHVSUlFKH³ GDVV GHU %HUHLFK LQQ GHPP $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHHVWDWWILQGHQYRPPVR]LDOHQQ%H]XJVIHOGGMHGHVV(LQ]HOQHQQDEKlQJW %HUHLFKEHVFKUHLEWKLHUGHQ$EVFKQLWWLQGHPGHUHLQ]HOQHH0HQVFKOHEWWXQGLQ GHP HU VHLQHH DOOWlJOLFKHQ (UIDKUXQJHQ VDPPHOW 'HU $OOWDJ HLQHV MHGHQ ,QGLYLGXXPV HQWVWHKW GHPQDFKK DXVV GHU (LQELQGXQJ LQ GLH JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ ,QVWLWXWLRQHQ
5DPJHHEHVFKUHLEWW$OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHHDXIIROJHQGH:HLVH
Ä8QWHUU Ä$OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHQ³ YHUVWHKHQQ ZLU VSUDFKOLFKH ,QWHUDNWLRQHQ LQQ GHQQ ,QWHUDNWLRQVVLWXDWLRQHQ GLH GHQQ VR]LDOHQQ 5lXPHQQ GHU *HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHU DQJHK|UHQ ,QQ GHQYRQQIDVWDOOHQQ0LWJOLHGHUQQXQVHUHU*HVHOOVFKDIWWHUIDKUHQHQVR]LDOHQ5lXPHQQ)DPLOLHH XQGG EHUXIOLFKHH 7lWLJNHLW 'LHQVWOHLVWXQJVEHUHLFK GHU %HUHLFK VR]LDOHQQ 9HUNHKUV GHU GHU +HUVWHOOXQJJ XQGG $XIUHFKWHUKDOWXQJ VR]LDOHU .RQWDNWHH GLHQW JHOWHQQ GLHMHQLJHQ VSUDFKOLFKHQQ ,QWHUDNWLRQHQQ DOV Ä$OOWDJVJHVSUlFKH³ GLH RKQH ZHLWHUH ELRJUDSKLVFKHH %HGHXWXQJJ IU GHQ HLQ]HOQHQQURXWLQHPlLJJJHIKUWWZHUGHQ³5DPJHH6
$OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHHEH]LHKXQJVZHLVHHGHUHQQVSUDFKOLFKHHbXHUXQJHQQEDVLHUHQQDXII
+DQGOXQJHQ 'DVV EHGHXWHW ODXW *HUROG 8QJHKHXHU GDVV VSUDFKOLFKH bXHUXQJHQLQQ*HVSUlFKHQLQWHQWLRQDO]LHOJHULFKWHWWXQGGJHSODQWWVLQG-RKQ5 6HDUOH XQWHUWHLOW GLHVHH bXHUXQJHQQ LQ GHQ bXHUXQJVDNW 3URSRVLWLRQDOHQ$NW,OORNXWLRQlUHQ$NWWXQG3HUORNXWLRQlUHQQ$NW
'HUUbXHUXQJVDNWW/RNXWLRQEH]LHKWWVLFKKDXVVFKOLHOLFKKDXIIGLHbXHUXQJGHU :|UWHU XQG :RUWNHWWHQ RKQHH ZHLWHUIKUHQGHH *HGDQNHQQ HLQ]XEH]LHKHQQ XQG RKQHH GLHH $EVLFKW NRPPXQL]LHUHQQ ]X ZROOHQ 'HU 3URSRVLWLRQDOHH $NW PDFKW GDKLQJHJHQQ DXI HWZDVV DXIPHUNVDP YHUIROJWW PLWW VHLQHU bXHUXQJ DEHU QLFKW XQEHGLQJWW HLQ =LHO $XVV GLHVHQ *UQGHQQ ODVVHH LFKK GLHVHH EHLGHQ 7HLOH GHV 6HDUOH¶VFKHQ 6SUHFKDNWHV LQQ PHLQHQQ %HWUDFKWXQJHQ DXHQ YRU 0DQQ VROOWHH DOOHUGLQJV EHGHQNHQ GDVVV GHU bXHUXQJVDNWW VRZLH GHU 3URSRVLWLRQDOH $NWW HLQ %HVWDQGWHLO GHV ,OORNXWLRQlUHQ XQGG GHV 3HUORNXWLRQlUHQQ $NWHVV VLQG GDD VLH GHVVHQQ*UXQGODJHHELOGHQ
,OORNXWLRQlUHUVRZLH3HUORNXWLRQlUHU$NWWVLQGGLQWHQWLRQDOXQGYHUIROJHQQVRPLWHLQ =LHOZRGXUFKK*HVSUlFKHZLHEHUHLWVVEHVFKULHEHQ]XXHLQHU+DQGOXQJZHUGHQ :LOOOGHUU6SUHFKHUGHQ+|UHUQXUEHUHLQHQQEHVWLPPWHQ6DFKYHUKDOWLQIRUPLHUHQ KDQGHOWW HVV VLFKK XPP HLQHQQ ,OORNXWLRQlUHQ $NW 6ROO DEHU ]XVlW]OLFKK QRFK HLQH bQGHUXQJ LPP 9HUKDOWHQQ GHVV +|UHUV KHUEHLJHIKUWW ZHUGHQ VSULFKW PDQQ YRQQ HLQHPP 3HUORNXWLRQlUHQQ $NW 'LHVH EHLGHQ $NWHH GHU 6HDUOH¶VFKHQ 6SUHFKDNWWKHRULH VLQG JUXQGOHJHQGG IU GLHH 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQQ GHVV 7XUQ7DNLQJ DQKDQGG YRQQ $OOWDJVJHVSUlFKHQ 1XU ZHQQQ KLQWHU GHQQ bXHUXQJHQQ LQ *HVSUlFKHQQ HLQH ,QWHQWLRQQ VWHFNW NRPPWW HV ]XX HLQHPP 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHO GD VRQVWW QLHPDQGG ]X HLQHU +DQGOXQJ RGHU 5HDNWLRQ DXI GDV YRPP 6SUHFKHU .RPPXQL]LHUWHHDXIJHIRUGHUWWZHUGHQQZUGHYJO6HDUOH
,PP 5DKPHQ GLHVHU $UEHLWW EHVFKUlQNHH LFK GHQQ %HJULII $OOWDJVJHVSUlFK DXI 8QWHUKDOWXQJHQQ ]ZLVFKHQQ ]ZHL RGHU PHKUHUHQ *HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHUQ GLH VLFKK LQ LKUHU $UW XQG :HLVH WlJOLFKK ZLHGHUKROHQ RGHU ZLHGHUKROHQ N|QQHQ (VV VLQG *HVSUlFKH GLH VLFK EH]JOLFKK LKUHU 2UJDQLVDWLRQQ DQ NHLQQ VWUHQJHV 5HJHOZHUN KDOWHQQ PVVHQ DEHU GHQQRFKK RKQH JURHH 3UREOHPHHIXQNWLRQLHUHQ,QWHUHVVDQW
LVW ZLHH GHU 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHO RUJDQLVLHUWW LVWW XQG VLFKK LQQHUKDOEE GHV *HVSUlFKVV VHOEVWWUHJHOW
7XUQ7DNLQJ
*HVSUlFKHH VHW]HQ VLFKK DXVV HLQ]HOQHQQ 7XUQV GHP JHVDPWHQ *HVSUlFKVDEVFKQLWWWHLQHVV6SUHFKHUV]XVDPPHQ'LHVHN|QQHQQLQLKUHU/lQJH YRQQQXUHLQHP:RUWWELVV]XPHKUHUHQQ6lW]HQYDULLHUHQ'LH*UXQGHLQKHLWWHLQHV 7XUQV ELOGHQ GLH 7XUQ &RQVWUXFWLRQDO 8QLWVV 7&8 YRQQ GHQHQQ DXFK GLH /lQJH GHVV 7XUQVV DEKlQJW 1DFKK MHGHPP 8QLWW NDQQQ HVV ]XX HLQHP YRPP 6SUHFKHU JHSODQWHQ RGHU XQJHSODQWHQ (QGHH HLQHVV *HVSUlFKVVFKULWWVV NRPPHQQ XQGG GHU QlFKVWH 6SUHFKHU EHJLQQWW ]XX UHGHQ (VV LVWW VRPLW ]X HLQHP 7XUQ7DNLQJ JHNRPPHQ0LW7XUQ7DNLQJLVWWJHQDXXGLHVHU6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOLQQHUKDOEEHLQHV *HVSUlFKHVVJHPHLQW(UVWWUHGHW$GDQQQ%XQGGDQVFKOLHHQGGZLHGHU$
8PPKHUDXV]XILQGHQZLHH7XUQ7DNLQJIXQNWLRQLHUWWXQGGDEOlXIWNRQ]HQWULHUWWPDQ VLFKK EHL GHQ 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQ LP 5DKPHQ GHU .RQYHUVDWLRQVDQDO\VH LQVEHVRQGHUHH DXI GLH DQWHLOVPlLJH 9HUWHLOXQJ GHU 5HGHEHLWUlJH DXI GLH YHUVFKLHGHQHQQ6SUHFKHUDXIGLHHYRUNRPPHQGHQQ3DXVHQQXQGG6W|UXQJHQQGXUFK ]XP %HLVSLHOO 8QWHUEUHFKXQJHQ DXI GLHH 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ HLQHQ 7XUQQ ]X KDOWHQ VRZLHHDXIGHQQ6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOODQVLFK
*UXQGYRUDXVVHW]XQJ IU HLQ *HVSUlFKK LVW GDVVV LPPHUU QXUU HLQH 3HUVRQ DXI HLQPDO VSULFKW ZREHL HVV EHLP 7XUQ7DNLQJ DXFKK ]X HLQHP 0RPHQWW GHV 6LPXOWDQVSUHFKHQV NRPPHQ NDQQ 'LHVH 6LWXDWLRQQ O|VWW VLFKK LP 1RUPDOIDOO MHGRFK XPJHKHQG ZLHGHU DXI 7XUQ7DNLQJ LVWW IU GLHH 2UJDQLVDWLRQ GHV *HVSUlFKVDEODXIVV ]XVWlQGLJ XQGG JLOW VRPLW DOV 0HUNPDO XQG %HVWDQGWHLO YRQ *HVSUlFKHQQ ]ZLVFKHQQ ]ZHL RGHU PHKUHUHQ 7HLOQHKPHUQ 'DD GLH /lQJHH XQG $QRUGQXQJ GHU 7XUQV YDULLHUHQQ N|QQHQ VLQG GLH hEHUJlQJHH GXUFK EHVWLPPWH 7HFKQLNHQQ GHU 7XUQ=XWHLOXQJ JHUHJHOWW XQGG NRRUGLQLHUW 'LHVH 7HFKQLNHQ YDULLHUHQQ MHGRFKK XQGG ZHUGHQQ ORNDO JHOHQNW YJO 6FKHJORII 6DFNV -HIIHUVRQ
(VV JLEWW ]ZHLL 0|JOLFKNHLWHQQ GHU 7XUQ=XWHLOXQJ LQQ *HVSUlFKHQ (QWZHGHU GHU QlFKVWH 6SUHFKHU ZlKOWW VLFKK VHOEVWW DXV RGHU GHU PRPHQWDQHH 6SUHFKHU EHVWLPPWW GHQQ QDFKIROJHQGHQQ 5HGQHU +LHUIU JLEWW HVV HLQQ 6\VWHPP YRQ 5HJHOQ DXI GDVV LFKK LPP QDFKIROJHQGHQQ 3XQNWW 5XOH6HWW JHQDXHUU HLQJHKHQQ ZHUGH +lOW PDQ VLFKK DQQ GLHH 5HJHOQ GHVV 6SUHFKHUZHFKVHOV YHUPHLGHWW EH]LHKXQJVZHLVHH UHGX]LHUW PDQ 6LWXDWLRQHQQ GHVV 6LPXOWDQVSUHFKHQV GLH YRQQ GHQ *HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHUQ DEE HLQHU JHZLVVHQQ /lQJHH DOVV 6W|UXQJ HPSIXQGHQQ ZHUGHQQN|QQHQ
8PGHQ6SUHFKHUZHFKVHO]XYHUVWHKHQVLQGGGLHH6WUXNWXUHQVROFKHU*HVSUlFKH XQGGGHUHQ5HJHOZHUNLQWHUHVVDQW
)XQNWLRQVZHLVHGHV7XUQ7DNLQJ 7XUQ%LOGXQJGXUFKGLH9LHU)HOGHU/HKUHYRQ.DUO%KOHU
9RUDXVVHW]XQJ IU GDV )XQNWLRQLHUHQ GHV 7XUQ7DNLQJ VLQG HLQLJH 5HJHOQ GLH ORNDOO LQ GHQ HLQ]HOQHQ *HVSUlFKVVFKULWWHQQ JHVWHXHUWW ZHUGHQ (LQ *HVSUlFKVVFKULWWW EHJLQQWW ODXW /LLVD 7LLWWXOD ÄZHQQQ HLQ *HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHUU ]X VSUHFKHQQ EHJLQQW XQGG HQGHW ZHQQQ HU DXIK|UW ]XX VSUHFKHQXQGGHLQQDQGHUHUGDVV6SUHFKHQEHJLQQW³7LLWWXODD6
%ULQJW PDQQ GLHH %LOGXQJ GHU HLQ]HOQHQ 7XUQV GLHH VLFK ]XX HLQHPP *HVSUlFK ]XVDPPHQIJHQ PLW .DUO %KOHU LQ 9HUELQGXQJ VW|W PDQQ DXII VHLQHH 9LHU)HOGHU/HKUH GLH GDVV GULWWHH $[LRP LQ VHLQHP:HUNN Ä6SUDFKWKHRULH³ ELOGHW (UU XQWHUVFKHLGHWW KLHUU QDFKK VXEMHNWVEH]RJHQHQQ XQGG VXEMHNWVHQWEXQGHQHQQ 3KlQRPHQHQ =XP HUVWHQQ 3KlQRPHQ ]lKOHQ 6SUHFKDNWW XQGG 6SUHFKKDQGOXQJ ZlKUHQGG6SUDFKZHUNXQGG6SUDFKJHELOGHHVXEMHNWVHQWEXQGHQQVLQG
(LQHU 6SUHFKKDQGOXQJ JHKWW LPPHU HLQ 3ODQ YRUDXV GDD +DQGOXQJHQQ PLWW HLQHU ,QWHQWLRQ YHUEXQGHQ VLQG 0LW GHU 6SUHFKKDQGOXQJ EH]HLFKQHWW GLHH 9LHU)HOGHU /HKUHH GDVV EHUHLWVV UHDOLVLHUWH DEHU YRPP +|UHU QRFKK QLFKWW UH]LSLHUWH 6SUHFKHQ 'LH 6SUHFKKDQGOXQJ EH]LHKWW VLFK KLHUEHL DXI GDV 3UREOHP GDV PLW GHP *HVSUlFKK JHO|VW ZHUGHQQ VROO XQG LVWW GHVKDOEE VXEMHNWVEH]RJHQ 6XEMHNWVHQWEXQGHQQ LVWW GDVV 6SUDFKZHUN GDD GLHVHVV EHULQGLYLGXHOO LVW +LHUPLW PHLQW PDQ GDV VSUDFKOLFKK +HUYRUJHEUDFKWH GDVV PDQ ]ZDU K|UW DEHU LQ QRFK NHLQHQ =XVDPPHQKDQJJ PLW GHPP NRPPXQL]LHUWHQ ,QKDOWW EULQJW (EHQIDOOV VXEMHNWVHQWEXQGHQLVWWGDVV6SUDFKJHELOGHZHOFKHVVGLH)lKLJNHLWGHV6SUHFKHQV EH]HLFKQHW 6SUDFKZHUN XQGG 6SUDFKJHELOGHH N|QQHQ DOVR DOV *UXQGYRUDXVVHW]XQJHQ JHVHKHQQ ZHUGHQ EHU GLH MHGHUU *HVSUlFKVWHLOQHKPHU YHUIJHQQ PXVV 'HU DEVFKOLHHQGHH 6SUHFKDNW PLWW GHPP ZLU XQVV EHL -RKQQ 5 6HDUOH EHUHLWVV DXVHLQDQGHUJHVHW]WW KDEHQ YHUELQGHWW GDVV *HVDJWH DOVR GLHH 6SUHFKKDQGOXQJ PLW HLQHPP 6LQQ 'LHVHU 6LQQQ LVWW VXEMHNWVEH]RJHQQ XQG HUJLEWW VLFKK DXVV GHP JHVDPWHQQ .RQWH[WW XQGG GHQQ JHJHEHQHQQ 8PVWlQGHQQ GHU 6SUHFKVLWXDWLRQ
Arbeit zitieren:
Christiane Kaiser, 2008, Turn-Taking im kulturellen Vergleich, München, GRIN Verlag GmbH
Dieser Text kann über folgende URL aufgerufen und zitiert werden:
Einbetten
DOI
Formatvorlage (Microsoft Word) für eine Diplomarbeit, Masterarbeit, Ha...
Für MS Word 2003 - Update 2010
Vorlagen, Muster, Formulare, Infobroschüren
Ausarbeitung, 25 Seiten
Formatvorlage (OpenOffice) für eine Diplomarbeit, Masterarbeit, Hausar...
Vorlagen, Muster, Formulare, Infobroschüren
Ausarbeitung, 35 Seiten
Formatvorlage / Vorlage zur Erstellung einer Diplomarbeit, Bachelorarb...
Vorlagen, Muster, Formulare, Infobroschüren
Ausarbeitung, 15 Seiten
Formatvorlage / Vorlage für eine Diplomarbeit / Hausarbeit
Für MS Word 2007 - dotx
Vorlagen, Muster, Formulare, Infobroschüren
Ausarbeitung, 25 Seiten
Anleitung zum Erstellen schriftlicher Arbeiten: Der Aufbau einer wisse...
Vorlagen, Muster, Formulare, Infobroschüren
Ausarbeitung, 20 Seiten
Erstellen einer schriftlichen Hausarbeit
Vorlagen, Muster, Formulare, Infobroschüren
Hausarbeit, 14 Seiten
Grundtechniken wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens
Bibliografieren - Reden - Schr...
Vorlagen, Muster, Formulare, Infobroschüren
Skript, 46 Seiten
Ratgeber zur Erstellung wissenschaftlicher Arbeiten. Diplomarbeiten - ...
Vorlagen, Muster, Formulare, Infobroschüren
Ausarbeitung, 39 Seiten
Christiane Wolter's Text Turn-Taking im kulturellen Vergleich ist nun auf dem Buchmarkt erhältlich
Christiane Wolter hat den Text Turn-Taking im kulturellen Vergleich veröffentlicht
Christiane Wolter hat einen neuen Text hochgeladen
Turn-Taking in English and Japanese: Projectability in Grammar, Intona...
Furo Hiroko, Hiroko Furo, Furo Hiroko
Exclusive Reactions at High Momentum Transfer: Proceedings of the Inte...
Anatoly Radyushkin, Paul Stoler
Gedeckte Schuldverschreibungen in Deutschland und Großbritannien
Pfandbriefe und UK Covered Bon...
Tobias Koppmann
0 Kommentare