The general objective of this paper is to analyze the trends of coffee sector in Ethiopia in general. Furthermore it wants to generate baseline information on production and marketing systems of the selected study area in particular by concentrating on parameters like production, marketing, institutional and organizational support and challenges and opportunities.
Currently, Ethiopia contributes 3.6 percent of the total value and 3 percent of the total quantity of coffee traded to the global market, which leads the country to be the 10th largest exporter of coffee in the world and the first exporter in Africa. 40% of the total coffee production of Ethiopia is exported, which earns 33% of the overall value of agricultural goods exported and 24% of the whole export value of the country. Over one-third of the population living in the rural areas and over 15 million populations sustain their livelihoods and participated in coffee production. There are around one million coffee growers in the country.
Coffee has been an important commodity which has got greater attention by the government of Ethiopia. It is the first cash crop that the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX) started trading operations in April 2008 in order to advance coffee markets in the country. High costs and high risks of transaction were the features of agricultural markets in Ethiopia before 2008, with only one third of the production reaching the market. Besides, smallholder farmers have little information about the market which limits them to sell their final products at the nearby market, deal with good prices as well as minimizing their market risk.
Coffee market incompetence chiefly affect the income of coffee farmers and discourage them in the process of coffee production and marketing which lead to a significantly decreases in the country’s foreign exchange. This suggests that it is very critical to study and monitor systematically the production and marketing systems in all coffee growing areas of the country for the sake of planning and designing suitable research and development interventions that are applicable to the specific systems.
Table of Contents
Introduction
1. Literature Review
1.1. A Brief Profile of Ethiopia
1.2. Overview of Coffee Significance in the World
1.3. Coffee Production in Ethiopia
1.3.1. Legendary Story and General Facts
1.3.2. Coffee Production Systems in Ethiopia
1.3.3. Coffee Production Potential of Ethiopia
1.3.4. Harvest and Processing of Coffee in Ethiopia
1.3.5. Coffee Production Trends in Ethiopia
1.4. Coffee Consumption in Ethiopia
1.5. Coffee Marketing in Ethiopia
1.5.1. Coffee Marketing Chain
1.5.2. Coffee Export Performance
1.5.3. Coffee Export Markets by Destination
1.6. Challenges and Opportunities of Coffee Sector in Ethiopia
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Description of the study area
2.2. The Research Design
2.3. Sampling Technique
2.4. Methods of Data Collection
2.5. Method of Data Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Socio-Economic Characteristics of the Sample Farm Households
3.1.1. Head of Household
3.1.2. Age of the Households
3.1.3. Marital Status
3.1.4. Family Size
3.1.5. Educational Status
3.1.6. Dependency Ratio
3.1.7. Means of Livelihood
3.2. Farm Characteristics
3.2.1. Farming Experience
3.2.2. Land Holding and Land Ownership
3.2.3. Major Crops Produced, Land Allocation and Farming Practices
3.3. Production and Productivity of Coffee in Mana Woreda
3.3.1. Inputs Used for Coffee Production
3.3.2. Labor Availability and Utilization
3.3.3. Harvesting and Storage Mechanism of Coffee Production
3.4. Coffee Marketing in Mana Woreda
3.4.1. Market Places
3.4.2. Market Participants
3.4.3. Marketing Channels
3.4.4. Places, Market Actors and Price of Coffee Sale
3.5. Institutional and Organizational Support Conditions for Coffee Farmers
3.5.1. Access to and Use of Credit Availability
3.5.2. Access to Extension Service
3.5.3. Cooperative Organizations
3.6. Constraints and Opportunities of Coffee Production and Marketing in Mana Woreda
3.6.1. Constraints of Coffee Production
3.6.2. Marketing Constraints
3.6.3. Opportunities of Coffee Production and Marketing
4. Conclusion and Recommendation
4.1. Conclusion
4.2. Recommendations
5. Summary
Research Objective and Scope
The primary objective of this study is to analyze the trends of the coffee sector in Ethiopia and provide baseline information regarding the production and marketing systems specifically within Mana Woreda, focusing on challenges, opportunities, and institutional support.
- Assessment of coffee production performance and socio-economic status of farmers.
- Evaluation of market information and institutional support systems for farm households.
- Identification of major challenges hindering coffee production and marketing.
- Analysis of opportunities for sector growth and improvement.
- Formulation of evidence-based recommendations for policy interventions.
Book Excerpt
1.3.4. Harvest and Processing of Coffee in Ethiopia
In the process of coffee production, the flowering time determines the maturing time of the coffee fruit. Between December and April is the flowering period whereas between August and January is the harvesting period in major coffee producing areas of Ethiopia. The seed maturity occurs mostly from six to nine months after the flowering period generated by rainfall. This certainly safeguards continuous production during the course of the year. In a small-scale farming, coffee harvesting activity is regularly undertaken by the family labor in a small farm land size of an average about 0.5 hectares (ECX, 2009).
The two commonly processing methods of coffee are dry (sun-dried) and wet processing. In the dry method, the cherries gradually dried by sun on mats, concrete, or cement floors since they are harvested with a flexible moisture content that necessitates water to be detached at times throughout the entire fruit. The coffee needs nearly three to four weeks in the sun in order to dry in a natural way, which may be extended in the humid and cloudy weather conditions. The entire fruit of the coffee cherry is permitted to dry to about 11.5 percent moisture. After that, hulling will be done to remove all the outer layers together in order to get the ready commercial bean which will be supplied to the central market (ECEA, 2013).
Wet processing method is used for producing top quality coffee only from freshly picked and completely ripe cherries. In this method, first the cherries picked carefully, sorted and removed inappropriate ones before pulping. After that final sorted and clean cherries which are harvested in the same day are pulped. The pulped wet parchment coffee will be naturally fermented in the different fermentation tanks. There will be a careful supervision during the process in order to avoid under- or over-fermentation. The coffee which is fermented is washed by clean running water and be soaked in clean water to reduce and eliminate the remaining acids and mucilage to advance the color of the beans. Finally, the sun is used to dry the wet parchment coffee on high drying tables and fixed at 11.5 percent moisture (Ibid).
Summary of Chapters
1. Literature Review: Provides a comprehensive overview of Ethiopia's profile, the global significance of coffee, and detailed coffee production, consumption, and marketing systems within the country.
2. Materials and Methods: Details the research approach used for the case study, including sampling techniques and data collection methods utilized in Mana Woreda.
3. Results and Discussion: Analyzes the collected data regarding socio-economic characteristics of households, production systems, marketing channels, and institutional support.
4. Conclusion and Recommendation: Summarizes the key findings of the study and offers specific policy recommendations to improve the Ethiopian coffee sector.
5. Summary: Recaps the purpose, methodology, and primary findings of the research conducted in Mana Woreda.
Keywords
Coffee, Ethiopia, Mana Woreda, Arabica, Production Systems, Marketing Chain, Smallholder Farmers, Socio-Economic, Agriculture, Export, Institutional Support, Constraints, Opportunities, Cooperative Unions, Commodity Exchange
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research?
The study examines the coffee production and marketing systems in Ethiopia, specifically conducting a case study of the Mana Woreda region to understand the challenges and opportunities faced by smallholder farmers.
What are the central thematic areas covered in the document?
The core themes include socio-economic demographics, production methods, market channels, institutional support (credit and extension services), and the identification of production and marketing constraints.
What is the primary objective of this work?
The primary goal is to analyze coffee sector trends in Ethiopia and generate baseline data to help design better research and development interventions for coffee-growing regions.
Which scientific methodology was employed?
The study uses a descriptive research method based on a case study approach, utilizing primary data from semi-structured questionnaires and secondary data from various official sources.
What topics are explored in the main body of the text?
The main sections cover socio-economic household profiles, farm characteristics, coffee production productivity, labor usage, market participants, and institutional support systems.
Which keywords best describe this study?
Key terms include coffee, Ethiopia, smallholder farmers, marketing channels, agricultural productivity, and socio-economic development.
How does the Ethiopian Commodity Exchange (ECX) function in the coffee trade?
The ECX acts as a secondary level transaction center where coffee is graded and traded via open outcry, aiming to organize the marketing of agricultural commodities more efficiently.
What specific challenges are noted regarding coffee storage?
Farmers often rely on traditional and temporary storage facilities, which lack proper ventilation and infrastructure, negatively impacting the quality and appearance of the green coffee beans.
What role do cooperatives play for the farmers in Mana Woreda?
Cooperatives provide vital support by offering better selling prices, facilitating market access, providing credit services, and organizing farmers to improve their collective bargaining position.
- Arbeit zitieren
- Abrham Gebreselassie (Autor:in), 2014, The coffee production and marketing in Ethiopia. An analysis of challenges and opportunities, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1036778
