The posed question comprises three different issues which have to be investigated. To answer the question properly you have to fragment the project of enlargement and analyse enlargement in terms of reasons and motives for it, problems in the forefront of it and gains and losses caused by it. Investigating these issues I will argue that enlargement is primarily a political rather than an economic project. This does not mean that economy is not an important factor in the process of enlargement, but that the political factors prevail.
To support my argument, due to topicality, I mainly want to examine the current process of Eastern enlargement as an example for enlargement of the EU in overall terms. I first want to work out the motives and reasons which have to be given to make enlargement happen at all. I will raise the question of why enlargement is so important for the EU and why it consistently exposes itself to the problems of this change instead of remaining as it is. I will then refer to the problems which erupt in the process of enlarging the EU, and will investigate the requirements for enlargement concerning both member states and candidate countries. As a third subject I want to refer to the gains and losses implicated in enlargement. In this regard, I want to look at both immediate consequences of enlargement for the member states and other outcomes in terms of the future perspective of the EU as a political actor all over the world. Finally, I will sum up my results and explain, why especially the question of enlargement requires careful political decisions.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. The discussion
2.1. Motives and reasons for enlargement
2.2. Problems in the run-up to enlargement
2.3. The impact of enlargement: Gains and losses
3. Conclusion
Research Objectives and Themes
This paper investigates the complexities of European Union enlargement, specifically focusing on the debate of whether it is driven primarily by political imperatives or economic motivations. It analyzes the historical context, the challenges of integration, and the socio-political consequences for both member states and candidate countries.
- Historical and political motivations for EU enlargement
- Economic and structural challenges in the pre-accession phase
- The role of public opinion and institutional reforms
- Socio-political impacts and global perspectives of an enlarged Union
Excerpt from the Book
2.1. Motives and reasons for enlargement
The enlargement of the EU with ten countries belonging to Middle and Eastern Europe constitutes an enormous challenge and at the same time chance for both the EU and the candidate countries. This applies to the quality and effectiveness of the EU’s political process in general as well as to separate fields of politics as they incorporate economic, social, fiscal and environmental policies. The Eastern enlargement of the EU will lead to far-reaching shifts concerning the overall development of the EU. Nevertheless, it will entail not only gains but also extensive problems. So why is enlargement pressed forward by the EU? Are there mainly political or economic motives, which could call into account for the will of enlargement of the EU?
The priority of enlargement has its roots in the 1950s, when the founders of the EU “pursued the goal of an all-European family of nations that would become even more closely knit” (Pflueger, 2001, p. 30). Hence, enlargement of the EU has become a “political imperative” (Krenzler/Smith, 1999, p. 1) to fulfil the task, which began in the early times of the EU. To pull it together with Monnet’s spill-over effect within the neo-functionalist approach, Avery and Cameron argue that “enlargement can actually speed up the process of integration, cohesion, and convergence in the Union” (Avery/Cameron, 2001, p. 175).
Summary of Chapters
1. Introduction: Outlines the research scope, clarifying the intention to examine the Eastern enlargement process to argue that political factors currently override economic considerations.
2. The discussion: Analyzes the multifaceted nature of enlargement, covering foundational political motives, the institutional and economic hurdles of integration, and the resulting balance of gains and losses.
3. Conclusion: Summarizes the findings, asserting that despite the economic nature of many requirements, the overarching character of the enlargement project remains fundamentally political.
Keywords
European Union, Eastern enlargement, political integration, economic challenges, geopolitical stability, institutional reform, public opinion, PHARE-programme, candidate countries, European security.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the central focus of this research paper?
The paper examines whether the enlargement of the European Union is driven primarily by political or economic motives.
What are the primary themes addressed in the work?
The core themes include historical motivations, structural and institutional challenges, economic disparities, and the long-term political impact on European stability.
What is the main argument regarding the nature of enlargement?
The author argues that while economic factors are significant, enlargement is primarily a political project necessitated by historical responsibility and the need for continental stability.
Which scientific approach is utilized to analyze the topic?
The paper employs an analytical approach, reviewing existing political science literature and current integration studies to assess motives, problems, and outcomes.
What topics are covered in the main body of the paper?
The main body covers motives for enlargement, the difficulties in the run-up to accession, institutional reform needs, public perception, and a cost-benefit analysis of the process.
Which keywords best characterize the study?
The study is characterized by terms such as European Union, Eastern enlargement, political integration, and geopolitical stability.
How does the paper categorize the influence of the PHARE-programme?
The paper identifies the PHARE-programme as a tool that appears economic on the surface but contains a distinct political tenor aimed at fostering a sense of belonging among candidates.
What role does public opinion play in the enlargement process according to the author?
Public opinion is seen as a critical hurdle, as citizens in member states often fear the economic costs and potential labor market impacts of new accessions.
- Quote paper
- Anne Uhlhaas (Author), 2002, Enlargement of the EU is primarily a political and not an economic project. Discuss., Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/11517
