This papers analyses the Human rights violation and the refugee crisis in Turkey.
Human rights in Turkey have been severely restricted several times in the course of the history of the Republic of Turkey, which was founded in 1923. Especially after the military coups of 1971 and 1980, the European Community and human rights organizations criticized the systematic violation of human rights. The declared state of emergency and the accompanying measures after the coup attempt in Turkey in 2016 are criticized as human rights violations. Above all, fundamental human rights are being violated or disregarded in a fatal way.
Table of Contents
1 General Information Turkey
2 History of Turkey
2.1 Military Coups
2.2 Human Rights Situation after WWII
3 Refugee Crisis
3.1 EU-Turkey Deal on Migration
3.2 Human Rights violation of Refugees
3.3 Young Syrians in the Refugee Crisis
4 Conclusion
Research Objectives and Themes
This report aims to analyze the intersection of human rights violations in Turkey and the country's management of the ongoing refugee crisis. It investigates the historical development of the Turkish republic, its human rights record, and the subsequent implications of hosting millions of refugees amidst significant geopolitical and socioeconomic challenges.
- Historical context of the Republic of Turkey and its democratic evolution.
- Evaluation of human rights compliance and international treaty obligations.
- The socioeconomic and humanitarian impact of the EU-Turkey migration deal.
- Challenges regarding the rights of refugees, including labor exploitation and movement restrictions.
- Specific vulnerabilities faced by young Syrian refugees within the education and protection systems.
Excerpt from the Book
3.1 EU-Turkey Deal on Migration
In March 2016, a deal between the E.U. and Turkey to tackle the migrant crisis formally came into effect. The agreement was intended to limit the influx of irregular migrants entering the E.U. through Turkey. A central aspect of the deal is the return to Turkey any rare migrant who is found to have entered the E.U. through Turkey without having already undergone a formal asylum application process. In exchange for Turkey's willingness to secure its borders and host irregular migrants, the E.U. agreed to resettle, on a one for one basis (up to 72.000), Syrian migrants living in Turkey who had qualified for asylum and resettlement within the E.U. The E.U. further incentivized Turkey to agree to the deal with a promise of lessening visa restrictions for Turkish citizens and offering the Turkish government payment of roughly 6 billion euros. Of these funds, approximately three billion euros were earmarked to support Syrian refugee communities living in Turkey (Engler 2018).
By the end of 2017, the EU-Turkey deal accomplished limiting irregular migration into Europe through Turkey. However, many doubts about implementing the agreement, including how the value may violate human rights protections outlined in the 1951 Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees. Critics have argued that the deal is essentially a deterrence strategy that encourages irregular migrants to file their asylum applications in Turkey rather than face being apprehended and sent back to Ankara, ultimately prolonging their application process (Engler 2018).
Summary of Chapters
1 General Information Turkey: This chapter provides a geographical and demographic overview of Turkey, highlighting its political structure and international status.
2 History of Turkey: This section details the formation of the Republic of Turkey and the structural challenges of its democratization process.
2.1 Military Coups: This chapter examines the historical interventions of the military in Turkish politics, specifically focusing on the events of 1960 and 1980.
2.2 Human Rights Situation after WWII: This section reviews Turkey’s engagement with international human rights standards and its track record regarding international conventions.
3 Refugee Crisis: This chapter presents data on the significant refugee population residing in Turkey and the institutional framework governing their stay.
3.1 EU-Turkey Deal on Migration: This section analyzes the terms and criticisms of the 2016 agreement aimed at curbing irregular migration to the European Union.
3.2 Human Rights violation of Refugees: This chapter discusses the everyday challenges faced by refugees, including labor market exploitation and restricted freedom of movement.
3.3 Young Syrians in the Refugee Crisis: This section focuses on the specific risks and educational obstacles faced by young Syrian refugees.
4 Conclusion: This chapter synthesizes the report's findings, concluding that the human rights situation for refugees in Turkey requires urgent policy improvements and adherence to signed treaties.
Keywords
Turkey, Human Rights, Refugee Crisis, EU-Turkey Deal, Migration, Syrian Refugees, Military Coups, Democracy, International Protection, Labor Exploitation, Education, Humanitarian Aid, Asylum Seekers, Xenophobia, Secularism.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this report?
This report focuses on the status of human rights in Turkey, with a specific emphasis on the challenges and rights violations faced by the millions of refugees currently hosted in the country.
What are the central themes discussed in the paper?
The central themes include the historical development of Turkish democracy, the history of military interventions, the legal framework regarding human rights, and the impact of the migration crisis on both the state and the displaced population.
What is the main goal of the research?
The goal is to provide a comprehensive country report that connects Turkey's internal democratic struggles with its international humanitarian responsibilities concerning refugees.
Which methodology is used in the study?
The study employs a descriptive and analytical approach, drawing on academic literature, United Nations data, and official reports to evaluate the human rights landscape in Turkey.
What topics are covered in the main body of the report?
The main body covers the history of the Turkish Republic, the specific impact of military coups on democracy, an overview of Turkey's human rights obligations, and a detailed analysis of the refugee crisis, including the EU-Turkey migration deal and the plight of young Syrians.
What are the key terms defining this work?
The key terms include human rights, migration, the EU-Turkey agreement, and humanitarian protection.
How does the author assess the impact of the EU-Turkey migration deal?
The author highlights the deal as a successful deterrent for irregular migration to Europe but criticizes it for potentially violating human rights and creating a difficult environment for refugees in Turkey.
Why is the situation for young Syrian refugees considered particularly critical?
Young Syrians face severe threats, including exploitation by criminal networks, limited access to quality education, and long-term psychological trauma from the war, which current systems fail to adequately address.
- Citar trabajo
- Hüseyin Ugur Sagkal (Autor), 2021, Country Report Turkey. Human Rights Violations and the Refugee Crisis, Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1159076
