The study is a comparative research of Arabic and English corpora about Multiple Sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease that is of importance worldwide. MS has many important medical terminologies that are of concern to see the richness of language presentations of both Arabic and English languages.
Table of Contents
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Background
3.1 Hypernymy and Hyponymy
3.2 Whole-Part Relationship
3.3 Terminology
4. Methodology of Research
4.1 Research Design
4.2 Research Sample
5. Purpose of the Study
6. Importance of the Study
7. Limitations of the study
8. Corpus Analysis
9. Conclusion
10. Future Works
11. Terminological Dictionary
12. Conceptual Tree
13. Annex the Corpus
13.1 English Texts
13.1.1 Text 1
13.1.2 Text 2
13.1.3 Text 3
13.1.4 Text 4
13.1.5 Text 5
13.2 Arabic Texts
13.2.1 Text 1
13.2.2 Text 2
13.2.3 Text 3
13.2.4 Text 4
13.2.5 Text 5
Research Objectives and Thematic Focus
This study aims to conduct a comparative linguistic analysis of Arabic and English corpora concerning Multiple Sclerosis. It investigates the prevalence of loan translations, lexical weaknesses in the Arabic terminology, and the existence of standardized rules for medical terms in both languages to better understand how this chronic disease is represented across different linguistic systems.
- Comparative analysis of medical terminology in Arabic and English corpora.
- Investigation of loan translation and borrowing patterns.
- Evaluation of standardization levels in medical language.
- Analysis of word frequency and linguistic phenomena such as metaphor and abbreviation.
- Exploration of MS representation through terminological dictionaries and conceptual mapping.
Excerpt from the Book
Methodology of Research
The research methodology, to approach the Multiple Sclerosis, uses a comparative study of Arabic corpora on one hand and English Corpora on the other hand.
Research Design
The research study is designed to collect statistical data about word frequency to determine its significance in both version of languages: Arabic and English languages. The major variables measured for this study are Multiple Sclerosis, Immune System, and Central Nervous System. It follows a non-experimental research design, which is descriptive in nature. In addition, the study is designed determines if there is a relationship amongst the major variables: Multiple Sclerosis, Immune System, and Central Nervous System and many others.
Research Sample
The corpus is “a collection or body of knowledge or evidence; especially: a collection of recorded utterances used as a basis for the descriptive analysis of a language,” (Corpus, n.d.). The chosen corpora (texts) are ten texts that are discussing the same domain (Immune System), and subdomain that is Multiple sclerosis. The Arabic Corpora are five texts and other five texts in English Corpora.
Summary of Chapters
Introduction: Provides an overview of Multiple Sclerosis, including its symptoms, historical medical observations, and the development of long-term treatment strategies.
Background: Discusses classical and modern terminological theories, specifically contrasting onomasiological and semasiological approaches, and introduces concepts like hypernymy, hyponymy, and whole-part relationships.
Methodology of Research: Explains the comparative research design and the selection process for the ten texts (five in Arabic, five in English) that form the corpus.
Purpose of the Study: Defines the aim of the research to provide a comprehensive resource on MS terminology to aid future studies and public understanding.
Importance of the Study: Highlights the significance of examining medical terminology variables, such as environment and genetic factors, from a linguistic perspective to help governments create effective solutions.
Limitations of the study: Acknowledges constraints such as the small corpus size and the disparity in development between Arabic and English medical lexicology.
Corpus Analysis: Details the findings regarding loan translations, medical metaphors, abbreviation patterns, and the variation in terminology standardization across both languages.
Conclusion: Summarizes the study’s findings on the wide scope of MS and reflects on the challenges faced in selecting reliable research sources.
Future Works: Outlines plans to expand the corpus to include more texts and the French language to further contribute to terminological standardization.
Terminological Dictionary: Presents a structured list of key medical terms related to Multiple Sclerosis, including definitions, contexts, and sources.
Conceptual Tree: Provides a visual representation of the conceptual relationships between the analyzed medical terms.
Annex the Corpus: Contains the full text list and references used for the comparative corpus analysis.
Key Terms
Multiple Sclerosis, Immune System, Central Nervous System, Demyelination, Neuron, Terminology, Lexicography, Loan Translation, Calquing, Medical Metaphor, Abbreviation, Synonyms, Relapsing-remitting MS, Myelin, Neurological Disorders.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this research?
The research focuses on a comparative corpus-driven analysis of medical terminology related to Multiple Sclerosis in both Arabic and English languages.
What are the key thematic areas addressed in the work?
The study covers the linguistic structure of MS terminology, borrowing and loan translation patterns, the use of abbreviations, and the application of metaphors in medical communication.
What is the main objective of the study?
The main objective is to clarify the state of MS terminology, highlight lexical weaknesses in Arabic compared to English, and provide a material base for future research and terminology standardization.
Which scientific methods are employed?
The research uses a non-experimental, descriptive research design, utilizing statistical data collection on word frequency and a comparative corpus analysis.
What content is covered in the main body of the work?
The main body examines terminology theory, outlines the methodology of text selection, provides a detailed corpus analysis of terms (including charts and tables), and presents a comprehensive terminological dictionary.
Which keywords best characterize this research?
Key terms include Multiple Sclerosis, terminology, corpus analysis, loan translation, medical lexicography, and linguistic standardization.
Why is there a lack of standardized terms in Arabic medical texts compared to English?
The study suggests this is due to a reliance on direct borrowing or loan translations and a general underdevelopment of specialized medical lexicology research within the Arabic language system.
How do military metaphors function within the MS corpus?
Military metaphors, such as "attack," "invade," or "defend," are used to describe the immune system's behavior toward the central nervous system, helping to visualize complex pathological processes.
What did the author conclude about the availability of standardized MS terms?
The author concludes that while English exhibits a high degree of standardized terminology for MS, Arabic shows significant variation, making it difficult to track and search for specific terms consistently.
- Quote paper
- Marwan Al Omari (Author), 2017, Comparative Research of Arabic and English Corpora about Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1215104
