In the event of the ongoing pandemic, disease surveillance was one of the pillars in prevention of the spread of disease. The COVID-19 pandemic was an eye-opener for the whole world, in which the practice of disease surveillance was reevaluated for improvement. In the Philippines the disease surveillance encompasses the reporting of notifiable diseases which is important in controlling, preventing, and providing a response to the area that is affected by the disease that can possibly to result in death.
The objective of this study was to assess the epidemiological approach to surveillance of notifiable diseases in a selected city in NCR. There were one hundred ninety-six (196) respondents or 91% of the sample projection which were coming from different health facilities in the said City. This study emphasizes the importance of the Epidemiological approach in dealing with disease surveillance, which will lead to disease containment and the establishment of an improved and strong epidemiological approach in assessing disease outbreaks. The result of the study will also help to promote the updating of protocols in disease surveillance and disease containment of notifiable diseases in cases of disease outbreaks, epidemics, and even pandemics. The study also provides the current assessment of the epidemiological approach in surveillance of notifiable diseases in a selected city in NCR in times of pandemic, which will provide background for enhancement of the disease surveillance in line with the pandemic situation and infectious diseases that may arise anytime.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Hypotheses of the Study
Methodology
Research Designs
Locale of the Study
The Population of the Study
Ethical Considerations
Research Instrument
Data Gathering Procedure
Data Analysis
Results
Demographic Profile
Level of Knowledge of The Respondents on Disease Surveillance
Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents on the Implementation of Disease Surveillance
Assessment of the Respondents on the Effectiveness of Policies and Guidelines in Epidemiological Approach in Surveillance of Notifiable Diseases
Significant Difference in the Level of Knowledge of The Respondents on the Disease Surveillance
Significant Difference in the Level of Satisfaction of The Respondents on the Implementation of Disease Surveillance
Significant Difference in the Assessment of the Respondents on the Effectiveness of the Policies and Guidelines in Terms of Epidemiological Approach
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
Authors’ Contributions
References
Research Objectives and Themes
The primary objective of this study is to assess the epidemiological approach used in the surveillance of notifiable diseases within a selected city in the National Capital Region (NCR). The research aims to evaluate the knowledge, satisfaction with existing implementation processes, and the perceived effectiveness of policies and guidelines among healthcare personnel involved in disease surveillance, while identifying demographic factors that create significant differences in these assessments.
- Evaluation of healthcare personnel's knowledge regarding notifiable disease protocols.
- Assessment of satisfaction regarding current surveillance system implementation.
- Determination of the perceived effectiveness of national policies and guidelines.
- Analysis of demographic variables' influence on knowledge and satisfaction levels.
- Development of recommendations for strengthening disease surveillance and containment strategies.
Excerpt from the Book
Introduction
Communicable diseases like the plague and bacterial infections dated back from classical times and are known even in the history of the bible. Cholera is also a bacterial infection from the 19th century that caused a million lives. Spanish flu is a viral disease caused by the H1N1 influenza virus that infected over 500 million people and over 100 million deaths from 1918 to 1920. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 were caused by a viral agent known as coronavirus that affects the respiratory tract, and now CoViD-19 in which many deaths have been recorded. These are well-known pandemics in the history of humanity and change the world in the perception of diseases (Sokol, 2020). A lot of human infectious diseases that lead to the pandemic are known to be caused by zoonotic pathogens that were transmitted to humans via close contact with animals (Piret & Bovin, 2021).
Disease outbreaks such as endemic, epidemic, and pandemic need to be addressed by a systematic approach that is well known for breaking the chain of infection in which case epidemiology is important. Epidemiology as part of public health that promotes disease investigation, prevention, control, and mitigation is essential in the provision of public health. In the Philippines, the International Health Regulations (IHR) of 2005 integrated a system that helps in the disease surveillance of notifiable diseases that is mandated to all WHO member states. This is to implement a set of international standards that has the goal of prevention, protection against the pathogen, controlling and providing public health response to the spread of disease. Disease surveillance is important for monitoring outbreaks and formulation of a time-efficient public health approach that will help in the prevention of the spread of the disease to the community.
Summary of Chapters
Introduction: Provides context on historical pandemics and highlights the importance of epidemiological surveillance systems in public health and infection control.
Hypotheses of the Study: Stating the null hypotheses regarding the absence of significant differences in knowledge, satisfaction, and policy assessment based on respondent demographic profiles.
Methodology: Describes the quantitative, descriptive-evaluative, and comparative research design used to gather and analyze data from healthcare facilities in NCR.
Results: Presents the findings regarding the demographic characteristics of the respondents and the statistical assessment of their knowledge, satisfaction, and evaluation of policies.
Discussion: Interprets the findings, summarizing that personnel are knowledgeable and satisfied with the system, though significant differences exist across professional and training backgrounds.
Conclusion: Recaps the major study findings, confirming that current surveillance personnel found the implemented policies in their facilities effectively monitored.
Recommendations: Suggests practical improvements such as increased training, hybrid reporting systems, and updated policies to manage disease outbreaks effectively.
Keywords
Epidemiological Approach, Notifiable Diseases, Disease Surveillance, Disease Outbreak, Surveillance System, Epidemiology, Pandemic, Epidemic, Endemic, Public Health, Infection Control, Healthcare Personnel, Data Analysis, Policy Effectiveness, Republic Act 11332
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research study?
The research fundamentally focuses on evaluating the epidemiological approach currently employed for the surveillance of notifiable diseases within a selected city in the National Capital Region (NCR).
What are the central themes examined in the paper?
The key themes include the knowledge levels of healthcare staff, their satisfaction with the implementation of surveillance systems, and the perceived effectiveness of national government policies regarding disease reporting and control.
What is the primary objective of this investigation?
The primary objective is to assess how well healthcare personnel understand and implement disease surveillance protocols, as well as to determine if demographic factors influence these critical public health functions.
Which research methodology was utilized?
The study utilized a quantitative research method, employing descriptive-evaluative and comparative research designs supported by statistical analysis tools like ANOVA and T-tests.
What does the main body of the work cover?
The main body covers a comprehensive assessment of knowledge parameters (like disease prevention and reporting), evaluates the satisfaction levels of personnel, and analyzes the significant differences across professional demographics.
Which keywords define the scope of this study?
The study is characterized by keywords such as Epidemiological Approach, Disease Surveillance, Notifiable Diseases, Pandemic, Public Health, and Policy Effectiveness.
How were respondents selected for this survey?
The study surveyed personnel from 25 active health facilities in the chosen city, utilizing the total population of 215 involved personnel, resulting in a 91% response rate.
What role does Republic Act 11332 play in this study?
RA 11332, the "Mandatory Reporting of Notifiable Diseases and Health Events of Public Health Concern Act," serves as the legal and policy framework against which the perceived effectiveness of surveillance practices is evaluated.
- Quote paper
- Glen Samson (Author), 2022, Assessment of the Epidemiological Approach in Surveillance of Notifiable Diseases in a Selected City in NCR (National Capital Region), Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1308879
