This research explores the issues of rising ultra-nationalism in Europe, the influx of immigrants from other parts of the world and how nationalist governments have reacted to this recent humanitarian crisis thus affecting aid initiatives and systems. The research studies the historical, cultural, political, economic and philosophic aspects impacting ultra-nationalism in European society and in so doing, attempts to correlate this with the rising threat of Europe's retreat from and adherence to international humanitarian laws and norms.
The rising phenomenon of European ultra-nationalism has signalled a significant shift in the continent politics, as more right-wing leaders and parties come into power. Many of the ideologies of these radical parties and individuals have often been viewed as discriminatory and exclusionary; more so towards non-European groups, arriving in the continent and fleeing conflict at home.
Table of Contents
Chapter One: General Introduction
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Justification and Significance of the Study
1.6 Theoretical Framework
1.6.1 Liberalism
1.6.2 Primordial Theory
1.7 Literature Review
1.7.1 The Historic Context of Nationalism in Europe
1.7.2 Humanitarian Action in Europe
1.7.3 Forced Migration and Rising Ultra-nationalism
1.8 Research Methodology
1.9 Organization of the Thesis
Chapter Two: Contextualizing the European Union’s Role within the Global Humanitarian System
2.0 Introduction
2.1 The European Union’s Impact on Humanitarianism
2.2 The Ideological Context of Humanitarian Aid in the European Union
2.3 Conclusion
Chapter Three: The Role of the Right-wing Leadership on Humanitarian Assistance: the Case Study of Austria
3.0 Introduction
3.1 The Background of Nationalist Politics in Austria
3.2 Austria’s Humanitarian Aid System
3.3 Conclusion
Chapter Four: The Contemporary Global Humanitarian System
4.0 Introduction
4.1 The Current Trends and Challenges of the Humanitarian Aid System
4.2 Politicization of Humanitarian Assistance
4.3 Conclusion
Chapter Five: General Conclusion
5.0 Conclusion
5.1 Recommendations
5.2 Suggestions for Future Research Areas
Objectives and Topics
This study aims to explore the multifaceted impact of rising ultra-nationalism in Europe on global humanitarian assistance, investigating how shifting political ideologies and the emergence of right-wing leadership challenge the continent's commitment to liberal humanitarian principles and aid initiatives.
- The historical and philosophical development of European ultra-nationalism.
- The role of the European Union in upholding global humanitarian values.
- The impact of populist right-wing politics on national donor policies using the case study of Austria.
- Current systemic challenges, including the "crisification" of migration and the politicization of aid.
- The tension between liberal humanitarian commitments and rising isolationist sentiments in host countries.
Excerpt from the Book
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Following the mass atrocities and gross mistreatment of mankind witnessed during the inter-war period between the 19th and 20th Century the world quickly rallied to formulate internationally agreed upon principles, laws and institutions mandated with the prevention of unnecessary suffering of innocents at such a massive scale. The European continent, having emerged from the ashes of two devastating wars in the 20th Century, alongside their American counterparts, championed global efforts towards the spread of international liberalism and institutionalism, democratic values and universalism of liberal norms especially those pertaining to certain inalienable rights and freedoms (ICRC, 2004).
The efforts to spread liberalism, for over seventy years bore fruit as a global liberal order took pre-eminence over other politico-economic ideologies theorized over time. This seemed especially true after the collapse of the Soviet bloc and the later adoption of liberalism by its former satellites states (Krugman, 1994). Many of which demonstrated to the world the success of liberal governance as many of these states were able to achieve political stability, after such a catastrophic period of war at the same time they were able to significantly advance their economies. Similarity emerged in the form of the prospering Asian Tigers adoption of liberal economics between the 1960s and the 1990s (Krugman, 1994). These countries were able to expand their export markets supported by growing industrial sectors in the midst of relative international stability, global cooperation and increased commerce and trade (Krugman, 1994).
Summary of Chapters
Chapter One: General Introduction: This chapter establishes the historical and theoretical basis for the study, focusing on the origins of liberal humanitarianism and the current threat posed by the rise of ultra-nationalist ideologies in European politics.
Chapter Two: Contextualizing the European Union’s Role within the Global Humanitarian System: This chapter analyzes the EU's institutional structure and its financial role in global humanitarian aid, while evaluating how political ideology and identity politics influence the commitment of member states.
Chapter Three: The Role of the Right-wing Leadership on Humanitarian Assistance: the Case Study of Austria: This chapter provides a focused look at Austria, examining how perennial nationalist politics and specific right-wing parties have historically and currently reframed the national discourse surrounding aid and migrants.
Chapter Four: The Contemporary Global Humanitarian System: This chapter explores the systemic challenges facing humanitarian actors today, including the politicization of aid, the impact of complex conflicts, and the tendency of donor states to prioritize national security over universal humanitarian needs.
Chapter Five: General Conclusion: The final chapter summarizes the study's findings, highlighting the urgent need for political reform and improved communication strategies to reclaim humanitarianism from the influence of narrow identity politics.
Keywords
Ultra-nationalism, Humanitarian Assistance, European Union, Liberalism, Populism, Forced Migration, Austria, Identity Politics, International Humanitarian Law, Aid Effectiveness, Donor Fatigue, Right-wing Politics, Sovereignty, Refugee Crisis, Social Cohesion.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this research?
The research investigates the direct and indirect impacts of rising ultra-nationalist politics in Europe on the effectiveness and operational reach of global humanitarian assistance.
Which theoretical frameworks are used in this study?
The two primary theoretical frameworks applied are Liberalism, to explain the origins of humanitarian systems, and Primordial Theory, to explore the roots of cultural differences and nationalist resistance to migration.
What is the central research question?
The study seeks to answer how growing populist and ultra-nationalist sentiments among European governments negatively affect the continent’s continued commitment to international humanitarian norms and aid delivery.
Which research methodology is employed?
The study utilizes a qualitative research design, employing desktop research, secondary source analysis, and content analysis of political rhetoric and communications to interpret abstract ideologies.
What does the case study of Austria reveal?
The Austrian case study illustrates how right-wing parties have normalized exclusivist narratives and shifted the public and governmental focus away from moral humanitarian obligations toward cost-benefit and nativist agendas.
How is the term "crisification" used in this study?
Crisification refers to the tendency of political elites and nationalist leaders to deliberately reframe normal social or migrant-related issues as catastrophic threats to national identity to justify isolationist policies.
What role does historical "palingenetic myth" play in this study?
The study analyzes how nationalist leaders often invoke myths of national rebirth or a "glorified past" to gain public support for exclusionary policies against migrants and non-European groups.
Does the EU still maintain its commitment to humanitarian aid?
While the EU remains a major donor, the research finds that this commitment is increasingly threatened by member states' internal political shifts, inconsistent policy frameworks, and a pivot toward using foreign aid primarily as a deterrent for migration.
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- Joseph Kimeu (Autor:in), 2019, The Impact of Rising Ultra-Nationalism on Global Humanitarian Assistance, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1326047
