This study aims at to establish the cause-and-effect relationship between China’s nation brand dimensions and China’s nation brand efforts on the perceptions of its nation brand in Kenya. The theories that were chosen as the theoretical base of this study were Nations Branding, Anholt’s Nation Brand Index and Country-of-Origin effect. Three research questions were asked around the theory base and a survey was done on 75 professionals in Nairobi. Results obtained from the respondents allowed for statistical analysis. The results indicated that the China has a strong nation brand in Kenya, Kenyans are very familiar with and favourable towards China’s Nation Brand. However, China’s country of origin has minimal effects on purchasing decisions in Kenya. Kenyan purchasing decisions are influenced by the cost and quality of products from China.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
1.2 RESEARCH PROBLEM
1.3.1 RESEARCH AIM
1.3.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.5 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE STUDY
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 ORIGINS OF NATION BRANDING
2.1.1 COUNTRY-OF-ORIGIN EFFECTS
2.1.2 PLACE BRANDING
2.1.3 NATIONAL IDENTITY
2.1.4 PUBLIC DIPLOMACY
2.2 LINKING BRANDING THEORY TO NATION BRANDING
2.3 NATION BRAND REPUTATION
2.4 ANHOLT’S NATION BRAND INDEX (NBI)
2.5 CHINA’S NBI 2020 RESULTS
2.5.1 Culture
2.5.2 Exports
2.5.3 Tourism
2.5.4 Investment & Immigration
2.5.5 Governance
2.5.6 People
2.6 CHINA’S NATION BRANDING EFFORTS
2.6.1 Events
2.6.2 Media Investments
2.6.3 Confucius Institutes
2.6.4 Sino-African History
2.6.5 Sponsorship of African students
2.7 CHINA’S NATION BRANDING EFFORTS IN KENYA
2.7.1 Media Investments
2.7.2 Confucius Institutes
2.7.3 Shared Sino-Kenyan History
2.7.4 Sponsorship of Kenyan Students
2.7.5 Events
2.7 PERCEPTIONS OF CHINA IN AFRICA
2.8 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 POSITIVIST PARADIGM
3.2 EXPLANATORY RESEARCH DESIGN
3.3 SURVEY STRATEGY
3.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND THE QUESTIONNAIRE OUTLINE
3.4.1 Research Question 1: How aware Kenyans of China’s Nation Brand?
3.4.2 Research Question 2: How favourable are Kenyans towards China’s Nation Brand?
3.4.3 Research Question 3: How strong is China’s Nation Brand reputation in Kenya?
3.4.4 Research Question 4: Does China’s country-of-origin effect Kenyan purchasing decisions?
3.5 POPULATION OF RELEVANCE
3.6 SAMPLING
3.7 PRETESTING THE QUESTIONNAIRE
3.8 DATA COLLECTION VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY
3.8 DATA ANALYSIS
3.9 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
3.10 TIME HORIZON
CHAPTER 4
FINDINGS
4.1 QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE RATE
4.2 GENERAL INFORMATION
4.3 FAMILIARITY WITH CHINA
4.4 FAVOURABILITY TOWARDS CHINA
4.5 NATION BRAND INDEX
CHAPTER 5
DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
5.1 QUESTION 1: HOW AWARE ARE KENYANS OF CHINA’S NATION BRAND?
5.2 QUESTION 2: HOW FAVOURABLE ARE KENYANS TOWARDS CHINA’S NATION BRAND?
5.3 QUESTION 3: HOW STRONG IS CHINA’S NATION BRAND REPUTATION IN KENYA?
5.3.1 TOURISM
5.3.2 PEOPLE
5.3.3 GOVERNANCE
5.3.4 CULTURE
5.3.5 IMMIGRATION AND INVESTMENT
5.3.6 EXPORTS
5.4 QUESTION 4: DOES CHINA’S COUNTRY OF ORIGIN EFFECT PURCHASING DECISIONS IN KENYA?
CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1 CONCLUSION
6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR STAKEHOLDERS
6.3 FUTURE RESEARCH
6.4 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS
Research Goal and Thematic Focus
This dissertation investigates the cause-and-effect relationship between China’s nation brand dimensions and its nation branding efforts, specifically focusing on how these factors shape the brand's perception within Kenya through a quantitative survey of 75 professionals.
- Analysis of China's nation brand perception in the Kenyan market.
- Evaluation of the effectiveness of diverse statecraft and soft power tools used by China.
- Examination of the impact of the "country-of-origin" effect on consumer purchasing behavior.
- Application of the Anholt Nation Brand Index (NBI) within a regional, non-Western context.
Excerpt from the Dissertation
1.1 BACKGROUND
A significant zeitgeist of the 21st century is that nations are seeking lucrative roles to play as a result of the integrated economics of globalization. Countries are investing resources to enhance their nation brands and compete with other nations and regions for the attention of international stakeholders such as governments, investors, tourists, consumers, donors, the media and immigrants (Aronczyk, 2013, Ermann & Hermanik, 2018, Dinnie, 2008 and Anholt, 2006).
Research on nation branding has therefore been gaining priority and scholars have come up with a plethora of definitions of a ‘nation brand’. For the purposes of the study, the definition of a nation brand by Hassan & Mahrous (2019, n.p.) shall be used. They define a nation brand as “the total sum of all perceptions of a nation in the mind of international stakeholders”. The perceptions of international audiences regarding a nation tends to emerge from stereotypes which may have negative undertones. Therefore, nation branding involves countering pre-existing stereotypes and promoting positive aspects (Hakala, Lemmetyinen & Kantola, 2013).
Nation Branding is a form of ‘soft power’ aimed at creating and communicating a country’s identity using various tools and techniques to create a distinctive personality. ‘Soft power’ is a country’s noncoercive use of its ‘language, culture, social policies, and media’ to achieve its objectives. It differs from ‘hard power’ which is a country’s coercive use of its economic, political and military resources to achieve its objectives (Leslie, 2016).
Chapter Summaries
CHAPTER 1: Provides a comprehensive background on nation branding and outlines the research problem, including the study's specific aims, objectives, and research questions.
CHAPTER 2: Reviews existing literature on the origins of nation branding, theoretical frameworks such as the Nation Brand Index, and chronicles China's specific branding tactics in Africa and Kenya.
CHAPTER 3: Details the research methodology, justifying the use of a positivist paradigm and explanatory research design to analyze survey data collected from professionals in Nairobi.
CHAPTER 4: Presents the empirical findings of the study, showcasing the response rates and quantitative data collected through the structured survey.
CHAPTER 5: Analyzes and discusses the research findings in relation to the four main research questions, providing an explanation of how Kenyan perceptions are influenced by China’s brand dimensions.
CHAPTER 6: Offers concluding insights on the study and provides strategic recommendations for stakeholders, while also acknowledging the limitations and suggesting paths for future research.
Keywords
Nation Branding, Nation Brand Index, Soft Power, China, Kenya, Country-of-Origin Effect, Perception, Economic Statecraft, Marketing, Consumer Behavior, Diplomacy, Foreign Policy, Sino-Kenyan Relations, Survey, Quantitative Research.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this research?
The research focuses on analyzing the perception of China's nation brand within Kenya, specifically looking at how China's branding efforts and dimensions influence this perception.
What are the key themes addressed in the work?
Key themes include nation brand identity, soft power dynamics, economic statecraft, consumer purchasing behavior, and the cultural influence of China in the Kenyan market.
What is the central research objective?
The primary aim is to establish the cause-and-effect relationship between China's nation brand dimensions and its branding efforts as they manifest in Kenyan perceptions.
Which scientific methodology is utilized?
The study employs a quantitative approach using a positivist paradigm and an explanatory research design, specifically utilizing a survey questionnaire distributed to 75 professionals.
What core content is covered in the main body?
The main body integrates a literature review of branding theories and the NBI with empirical analysis of survey data concerning China's performance across dimensions like exports, governance, and culture.
Which keywords best characterize the study?
The study revolves around concepts such as Nation Branding, Soft Power, Sino-Kenyan relations, and the Country-of-Origin effect.
Does the study analyze specific Chinese branding tools used in Kenya?
Yes, the research highlights various tools including Media Investments, Confucius Institutes, shared historical narratives, and student exchange scholarship programs.
How does the pandemic impact the study's conclusions?
The study acknowledges the COVID-19 pandemic as a significant research limitation that influenced respondents' sentiments, as it serves as a historical event that temporarily affected opinions of China's global brand during the data collection window.
- Arbeit zitieren
- Olivia Mengich (Autor:in), 2020, Impact of China's Nation Brand on Purchasing Decisions in Kenya. An In-Depth Analysis, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1401086
