Pain is a multidimensional phenomenon integrating biological, psychological, and social processes. It arises from complex neural interactions that transform nociceptive input into conscious experience, modulated by cognition, emotion, and context. Chronic pain reflects maladaptive neuroplasticity, autonomic imbalance, and predictive misinterpretation of threat. Modern pain science recognizes pain as an emergent inference rather than a direct injury signal. Effective management therefore requires mechanism-based, multidisciplinary strategies combining pharmacological, physical, psychological, and neuromodulatory interventions. Integrative, patient-centered rehabilitation grounded in neurobiological and psychosocial understanding offers the most promising path toward sustainable recovery and restored quality of life.
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- Tobias Giesen (Autor:in), 2025, Pain Physiology. Neurophysiological Mechanisms, Pain Types, Autonomic Modulation, and Psychological Influences, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1665603
