The German system of local government is composed of several territorial public corporations. Basis of local government is the right to communal self-government, which is entrenched in the Constitution of the Federation (Bund) in Article 28 (2) 1 GG , as well as in the constitutions of the federal states (Länder), e.g. in Article 11 of the Constitution of Bavaria .
Organisation and structure of the basic level of local government is regulated by the federal states in Municipal Regulations (Gemeindeordnungen) with the exclusion of the three pure city states of Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen.
No single Code of communal law exists in the federal states, but a variety of laws covers the different levels of local government. Besides the already mentioned Municipal Regulations, there are District Regulations (Landkreisordnung) , depending on the size of the States also on a higher tier Regional Regulations (Bezirksordnung) ; in addition laws about local elections on the different levels (Kommunalwahlgesetz) and the different forms of inter-corporation co-operation (Gesetz über die kommunale Gemeinschaftsarbeit , Zweckvebandsgesetz , Gemeindekassenverordnung (e.g. in Lower Saxony), Gesetz über die kommunale Zusammenarbeit and Verwaltungsgemeinschaftsordnung , Kommunalabgabengesetz (e.g. in Bavaria).
Table Of Contents
A. Attribution of competences to different levels of administrative authority in the sphere of local self-government and order management
I. Germany
1. Public Corporations
2. Communal Tasks
a) Genuine Universal Competence of Local Government Corporations
b) Traditional Catalogue of Communal Tasks
c) Structure of Communal Activities
3. Differentiation of Natural Subjects
a) Inhabitants
b) Citizens
c) Foreigners with special Status
4. Communal Organs
a) Communal Organs of the Corporation of Local Administration
aa) Communal Council
bb) Mayor
b) Organs of other Tiers of Local Administration
5. Communal Committees
6. Advisory Boards and Commissions
7. Communal Parliamentary Coalitions
8. Territorial and Organisational sub-divisions
9. Conflicts between Communal Organs
10. Legislative Sovereignty
11. Communal Budget Administration
a) General Principle
b) Principle of Connection
c) Financing of Communal Corporations
d) Control of Communal Budget Calculation
12. Communal Enterprises and Institutions
13. Control of Communal Activities
II. The Netherlands
1. The Role of the Provinces
2. The Functioning of Municipalities
3. Water Boards
III. United Kingdom
1. General Introduction
a) Parishes and communities
b) Boundaries
c) Sizes
d) Ceremonial functions
e) Elections
aa) England and Wales
bb) Scotland and Northern Ireland
2. England
a) Councils and Councillors
b) Officers
c) Functions and Powers
d) Joint-boards
e) Corporation of London
f) Funding
g) Future developments in England
3. Wales
4. Scotland
5. Northern Ireland
B. Variants of authority determination in the sphere of financing
I. Main stages
II. Core factors and conclusion
- Quote paper
- Wolfgang Tiede (Author), 2007, Criteria for the Appropriate Solution of Problems of Local Importance in Selected EU-Member States, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/169289
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