This study was set to evaluate the factors affecting academic performance in business subjects in secondary schools in Lagos state specifically secondary schools in Shomolu L. G. To this end, ten schools were randomly selected. The respondents for this study were 30 teachers (20 female and 10 male) and 170 students (90 female and 80 male) making total number of 200 respondents. In essence, survey was conducted by using a questionnaire for information gathering about different factors affecting academic performance of students. Simple mean and chi-square were applied to analyse the result generated from the respondents on the factors affecting academic performance of students. The results of the study revealed that school environment; parents and teachers are factors that have significant effect on students’ academic performance in secondary schools. The study recommends among others that: government should provide conducive environment for teaching and learning as well as pay the teacher’s salary/incentive as when due, parents should guide their children morally and provide necessary educational, teachers should teach with appropriate instructional material using different method of teaching.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.1. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.2. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
1.3. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.4. HYPOTHESES
1.5. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.6. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
1.7. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0. INTRODUCTION
2.1. SCHOOLS’ ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS CAPABLE OF INFLUENCING SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS SUBJECTS
2.2. PARENTAL AND FAMILY CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS SUBJECTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS.
2.3. CONTEXT OF TEACHERS’ ATTITUDE AND MOTIVATION AS AN INFLUENCING FACTOR IN THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS SUBJECTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
2.4. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEWED
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 INTRODUCTION
3.1 DESIGN OF THE STUDY
3.2 AREA OF THE STUDY
3.3 POPULATION OF THE STUDY
3.4 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
3.5 INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION
3.6 VALIDITY RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
3.7 RELIABILITY OF RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
3.8 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
3.9 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSES
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.0 INTRODUCTION
4.1 ANALYSES OF RESEARCH QUESTIONS WAS SUMMARISED USING RESPONDENTS VARIABLES
4.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
4.3 TEST OF HYPOTHESES
4.4 DISCUSSIONS OF THE FINDINGS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 INTRODUCTION
5.2 CONCLUSION
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
5.4 SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
Research Objectives & Key Topics
This study evaluates the primary environmental, familial, and instructional factors influencing the academic performance of secondary school students in business subjects within the Shomolu local government area of Lagos State, utilizing survey questionnaires and statistical analyses to identify key determinants and provide actionable recommendations for educational improvement.
- School environmental impacts, including physical infrastructure, classroom conditions, and school location
- Parental and familial contributory factors, encompassing socio-economic status, supervision, and moral guidance
- Teachers' attitudes, motivation, classroom management, and instructional methods
- Methodological survey design utilizing structured questionnaires administered to teachers and students
- Data evaluation through simple mean analysis and chi-square hypothesis testing
- Strategic recommendations for government, school administrators, and parents to elevate academic performance
Excerpt from the Book
2.1. SCHOOLS’ ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS CAPABLE OF INFLUENCING SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS SUBJECTS
A noteworthy number of acclaimed researchers internationally who have carried out quality researches on the area of education system, its process and achievement rate, tend to agree that the sharp decline in the academic performance at various levels of educational system is a reality largely attributable to the existence of poor conditions of learning environment in academic institutions. In academic circles, the expression ‘poor conditions in educational institutions’ is variously referred to as ‘poor environmental factors’ or ‘poor learning environment’ by researchers contextually to represent basically the same reality. The word ‘environment’ can be defined from more than one context or point-of-view, hence in this study our context of environment is in line with the concept of Alan Gilpin (2000). In his conceptualization of environment Gilpin (2000), contends that in its broadest sense, “[…] environment embraces the conditions or influences under which any individual or thing exists, lives, or develops”. However, the word environment in the context of this current study implies the complex, concrete, material and non-material, social and situational components that are within and around an educational institution. In essence the expression ‘learning environment’ include physical structures among which are buildings, classrooms, special purpose rooms, libraries, laboratories, handcraft rooms, assembly halls, dining halls, sports halls, staff offices, toilet amenities, and examination halls. Also inclusive in the academic discuss of the expression ‘learning environment’ is the quality and quantity of educational facilities and amenities available for use in an educational institution, the educational institution’s geography/location, the educational institution’s topography, the quality of academic freedom, the kinds of educational policy, the level of harmony, the spirit of fair play within the four walls of an educational institution and the cordial nature of an educational institution’s host community. Therefore an academic or educational learning environment invariably includes all infrastructures, organizations, human resource, instruments, circumstances and situations that contribute tangible and intangible components and influence to the learning in the school in one way or another, either directly or indirectly. The learning environment also includes school location, laboratory equipment, library services and materials, instructional aides and effective classroom management.
According to Dantesy (2004), among schools’ environmental factors that largely combine to produce high academic achievement and performance include good seating arrangement in the classroom, good building and physical structures. Dantesy (2004) also explains that an innovative learning environment do stimulate head-start learning and mental perception. This is because higher numbers of students that come from positively simulating environment which that are equipped with up-to-date laboratory equipments as well as technologically enhanced instructional aides, and pictures tend to perform better. Dantesy (2004) findings corroborate Dunn (1985) who contends that the lighting of a school need be considered an active element of the total educational environment, thus he in his study notices that good lighting contributes considerably to the aesthetics and psychological character of the teaching space; which translates to students being in a better frame-of-mind to perform better than in a poorly lit classroom.
Summary of Chapters
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION: Outlines the background, problem statement, purpose, research questions, hypotheses, significance, scope, and limitations regarding academic performance in business studies.
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW: Reviews major theoretical frameworks and research perspectives concerning school environments, parental influences, and teacher efficacy affecting academic achievement.
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: Details the structured survey design, study area population, sampling techniques, data collection instruments, validity, reliability, and analytical methods utilized.
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS: Presents demographic distributions, mean item responses for research questions, chi-square hypothesis testing, and detailed discussions of findings.
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Summarizes core findings, provides concluding remarks, outlines strategic recommendations for stakeholders, and suggests areas for future research.
Keywords
Academic performance, Business subjects, Secondary schools, School environment, Parental influence, Teacher efficacy, Instructional materials, Lagos State, Shomolu, Educational research, Chi-square analysis, Survey methodology, Student achievement
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this research study?
The study evaluates the various school, family, and teacher-related factors that impact the academic performance of secondary school students taking business subjects in Lagos State.
What are the core thematic areas investigated in the text?
The core themes include the condition of the school learning environment, parental and familial socio-economic support, and teachers' professional attitudes, motivation, and instructional methodologies.
What is the primary research objective or question?
The primary aim is to identify and examine how specific environmental, parental, and teacher factors affect students' academic success in business subjects within secondary schools in Shomolu, Lagos.
What scientific research methods and tools were used?
The study utilized a structured survey research design deploying questionnaires and oral interviews, analyzed quantitatively using simple mean scores and chi-square statistical tests.
What topics are covered in the main body of the work?
The main body reviews extensive literature on environmental variables, family dynamics, teacher competencies, details the research methodology, and presents empirical data analysis alongside hypothesis testing.
Which key keywords characterize the publication?
Key terms include academic performance, business subjects, school environment, parental factors, teacher efficacy, survey design, and educational administration.
How were the study sample and population selected?
The population comprised business teachers and students across secondary schools in Lagos, with a sample size of 200 respondents (30 teachers and 170 students) randomly selected from ten schools in Shomolu L.G.
What were the major conclusions drawn by the author?
The author concluded that while learning environments matter, parents and teachers serve as the ultimate bedrock for student success, requiring adequate governmental support, improved teacher motivation, and active parental guidance.
What specific recommendations are made for educational improvement?
Recommendations include providing well-structured, distraction-free school environments, supplying adequate learning facilities, ensuring timely salary payments for teachers, and encouraging active parental supervision and moral training.
How does the study address the role of teachers in academic performance?
The study highlights teachers as core agents of instructional delivery, emphasizing that proper classroom management, modern teaching technologies, pedagogical competence, and regular attendance directly dictate student achievement.
- Quote paper
- Olufemi Adebayo (Author), 2026, Evaluation of Factors Affecting Academic Performance in Business Subjects in Secondary Schools in Lagos, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1781846
