The study area (“Derelict Land”) in Plateau State fall within Y coordinates 1039185m to 1114995m and X coordinates 452385m to 514845m on the Nigeria’s LANDSAT MSS 2001. The approximate area covered by the project is about 3178.1km22 from the satellite image measurements. Six mining areas were involved ( Jos-Bukuru, Rayfield, Sabongidan kanar, Bisichi, Kuru Ш and Barikin Ladi) in this research. Analysis of land use changes confirmed that mining is rapidly claiming most of land. Preliminary application of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) to study satellite image of the mining areas is an attempt to evaluate and characterize the mining areas based on the spectral signatures of mine ponds, inactive abandoned mine dumps and structural pattern of the areas.
The analysis of variance of the average trace element concentration from the six mining localities showed that Iron (Fe) is the only trace element that show universal anomaly in all the mining localities compared to WHO (2002) Standards for drinking (0.30ppm). Iron (Fe) anomaly range from 0.39-2.54ppm. Besides Iron (Fe), each mining locality has its unique trace elements anomaly. The overall analysis of variance between the average trace elements concentration in waters from the six tin mining localities compared to the World Health Organization Standards for consumable water confirmed anomalies of Fe, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Cd in waters collected from the mining localities which portrays environmental degradation as well as a tendency for pollution. The distribution of trace elements anomalies appeared to be consistent with increase in population and industrialization in the order; Jos > Barikin Ladi >Rayfield. The solution calls for intensive utilization of the joint technologies of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) to make effective evaluation of the areas and come up with a cost effective and constructive reclamation and re-utilization scheme which appeals to the environment. The scheme should be flexible enough to accommodate and convert minimum damage to environment as there is no use of land that is completely neutral to the environment
Table of Contents
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Materials and Methods
- Results and Discussion
- Conclusion
Objectives and Key Themes
The objective of this study is to assess the extent of environmental degradation in the Jos Plateau tin mining areas of Nigeria, specifically focusing on the impact of mining activities on water quality. This is achieved through the application of remote sensing and GIS techniques to evaluate trace element concentrations in mine ponds and assess the overall environmental impact of mining.
- Environmental impact of tin mining in Jos Plateau
- Trace element contamination of water sources
- Application of remote sensing and GIS in environmental assessment
- Land use change due to mining activities
- Potential for pollution and environmental remediation strategies
Chapter Summaries
Abstract: This abstract provides a concise overview of the research conducted on trace element evaluation in mine ponds within the tin mining areas of Jos and its environs in Plateau State, Nigeria. It highlights the study area's geographic coordinates, the mining areas involved, and the methodology employed, which includes remote sensing and GIS. The key finding is the universal anomaly of Iron (Fe) in all localities exceeding WHO standards, alongside other trace element anomalies varying by location. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for effective evaluation using joint technologies of Remote Sensing and GIS to develop a cost-effective reclamation and re-utilization scheme that minimizes environmental damage.
Introduction: This chapter introduces the study area, a "derelict land" resulting from nearly a century of tin mining in the Jos Plateau region of Nigeria. It defines the extent of the affected area and identifies six specific mining areas investigated. The chapter then defines the concept of "derelict land" and reviews the history of mining in the region, detailing the expansion of mining activities, the establishment of mining settlements, and the fluctuating production levels over time. It also discusses past reclamation efforts, their limitations, and the need for new strategies. The history of tin mining is intricately linked with the evolving landscape and population growth of Jos Plateau, and the chapter lays this groundwork for the subsequent analysis of environmental impacts. The chapter concludes by highlighting the ongoing environmental hazards posed by abandoned small-scale mining operations.
Frequently Asked Questions: Comprehensive Language Preview of Environmental Impact of Tin Mining in Jos Plateau, Nigeria
What is the overall objective of this study?
The study aims to assess the environmental degradation caused by tin mining in the Jos Plateau region of Nigeria, specifically focusing on the impact on water quality. It uses remote sensing and GIS techniques to evaluate trace element concentrations in mine ponds and assess the overall environmental impact.
What are the key themes explored in this study?
The key themes include the environmental impact of tin mining in Jos Plateau, trace element contamination of water sources, the application of remote sensing and GIS in environmental assessment, land use change due to mining activities, and potential pollution and environmental remediation strategies.
What methodology was employed in this research?
The research utilized remote sensing and GIS techniques to evaluate trace element concentrations in mine ponds and assess the overall environmental impact of mining activities in the Jos Plateau region.
What are the key findings of the study (as summarized in the abstract)?
The abstract highlights a universal anomaly of Iron (Fe) exceeding WHO standards in all localities studied, along with other trace element anomalies varying by location. The study emphasizes the need for effective evaluation using joint Remote Sensing and GIS technologies to develop cost-effective reclamation and re-utilization schemes.
What is the background information provided in the introduction?
The introduction describes the study area as "derelict land" due to nearly a century of tin mining. It details the history of mining in the region, including the expansion of mining activities, the establishment of mining settlements, fluctuating production levels, past reclamation efforts and their limitations, and the ongoing environmental hazards posed by abandoned small-scale mining operations. The introduction also connects the history of tin mining with the evolving landscape and population growth of the Jos Plateau.
What does the study cover in terms of its structure?
The study includes an abstract, introduction, materials and methods (implied), results and discussion (implied), and a conclusion (although the conclusion is not explicitly detailed in the preview). The preview also provides a table of contents and a summary of the chapters.
What specific mining areas were investigated?
While the exact names aren't provided in this preview, the introduction mentions that six specific mining areas in the Jos Plateau region were investigated.
What is the significance of using remote sensing and GIS in this study?
Remote sensing and GIS are crucial for efficiently evaluating the extent of environmental damage across a large area like the Jos Plateau, providing a cost-effective approach to assessing trace element contamination and informing remediation strategies.
- Quote paper
- Dr. Isah Haruna (Author), Maigari (Author), Isa (Author), Mamman (Author), Gusikit (Author), 2012, Trace Elements Evaluation for some mine ponds in the Tin Mining Areas of Jos amd Environs, Plateau State, Nigeria, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/202930
