Background: ARV adherence is a strong predictor of biologic (virologic and immunologic) and
clinical outcomes in HIV, including quality of life, HIV progression, hospitalizations, and death.
Consistent adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the cornerstone of effective HIV
treatment. This study explores the interrelationship between food insecurity and access and
adherence to ARV treatment. Such studies will help inform policy maker in the study area on
ways of improving or maintaining adherence to ARV and scale up the treatment level.
Objective: The main objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of ARV adherence and
associated factors (with particular focus on household food insecurity) among urban PLHIV.
Method: PLHIV association based cross-sectional study was conducted from January, 2012 to
May, 2012 in Hawassa city. Both quantitative and qualitative data were used to triangulate one
with another. Adult PLWHA on ARV therapy for at least 3 months were the study participants.
A purposive sampling method used to select the study participants. Bivariate and multivariate
logistic regressions were computed to assess the factors associated with ARV therapy nonadherence
among adult PLHIV in the study area.
Result: Data were collected using structured questionnaire with open and closed type questions
where a total of 325 participants were interviewed. Two focus group discussions with 6- 8
members each were conducted. Key informant interviews for PLHIV association’s coordinator
and healthcare providers at ART clinic were conducted. Data was presented using frequency
tables and graphs. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0. Results show that that
the prevalence of adherence to ART was 82.5 %( that is non –adherence level 17.5%), was suboptimal(
less than 95%).Both dietary diversity and meal frequency score were less than mean (
48.6% and 60.6%) respectively. Based on household food insecurity access module (63.7%)
were food in secured. Household food insecurity was associated with ART adherence. Factors
significantly associated with non- adherence to ARV therapy were religious status, protestant
and catholic (COR 3.74, 95% CI 1.43-9.78) and (COR 2.11, 95%CI 1.11-4.02) respectively;
marital status, divorced (AOR 3.88(1.48-10.20).[...]
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Acknowledgement
- Acronyms and Abbreviations
- Table of Contents
- List of Tables
- List of Figures
- Abstract
- CHAPTER ONE
- Introduction
- Background of the Study
- Statement of the Problem
- Objectives of the Study
- General Objective
- Specific Objectives
- Research Questions
- Significance of the Study
- Limitations of the Study
- Organization of the Study
- CHAPTER TWO
- Literature Review
- Theoretical framework on Food Security
- Definition of Food Security
- Concept of food security
- Dimensions of food security
- Measurement of household food insecurity
- Conceptual Framework of Household food insecurity HIV/AIDS and ARV adherence
- Perspective on Adherence
- Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence
- Measuring Adherence to ARV
- CHAPTER THREE
- Materials and Methods
- Overview of Methodology
- Description of the Study Area
- Study and Sample Design
- Study Population
- Sampling Methods
- Sample size and sampling procedures
- Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
- Study Variables
- Dependent and Independent Variables
- Data type and Sources
- Data quality control
- Instrument of Data Collection
- Data Management and Analysis
- Ethical Consideration
- Operational Definitions
- CHAPTER FOUR
- Results and Discussion
- Results
- Quantitative Results
- Socio-demographic and economic characteristics of study participants
- Dietary Diversity,Meal Frequency and Household food insecurity situation of PLHIV
- ART Adherence situation of study participants
- Reasons for missing doses ARV regimen
- Qualitative Results
- Focus Group Discussions
- In-depth Interviews
- Discussion
- Quantitative Results
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This thesis investigates the impact of household food insecurity on adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among urban people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in Hawassa City, Ethiopia. The research aims to identify the factors that influence adherence to ART, particularly focusing on the role of food insecurity. The study explores the relationship between food insecurity and adherence to ART, taking into account various socioeconomic and demographic factors. Key themes explored in the thesis include: * **Household Food Insecurity:** The thesis explores the prevalence of food insecurity among PLHIV and its various dimensions, including food access, availability, utilization, and stability. * **Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART):** The study examines the levels of ART adherence among urban PLHIV in Hawassa City and the factors that influence adherence, including food insecurity. * **Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors:** The research analyzes the influence of socioeconomic and demographic factors on both food security and ART adherence. * **Relationship between Food Insecurity and ART Adherence:** The thesis investigates the relationship between household food insecurity and adherence to ART, considering potential mediating and moderating factors. * **Impact of Food Insecurity on Health Outcomes:** The study examines the potential impact of food insecurity on the health outcomes of PLHIV, focusing on factors like viral load and immune system function.Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
- Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter introduces the research problem, providing background information about HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia, particularly in Hawassa City. It highlights the importance of ART adherence for successful HIV management and identifies food insecurity as a potential barrier to adherence. The chapter outlines the research objectives, questions, significance, limitations, and study organization.
- Chapter 2: Literature Review This chapter presents a comprehensive review of relevant literature on food security, HIV/AIDS, and adherence to ART. It explores different theoretical frameworks, definitions, concepts, dimensions, and measurements related to food security. The chapter also discusses the relationship between household food insecurity, HIV/AIDS, and adherence to ART, providing a conceptual framework for the study.
- Chapter 3: Materials and Methods This chapter outlines the study's methodology, including the study area, design, population, sampling methods, sample size, inclusion and exclusion criteria, study variables, data type, sources, data quality control, instruments, data management and analysis, ethical considerations, and operational definitions.
- Chapter 4: Results and Discussion This chapter presents the quantitative and qualitative results of the study, analyzing socio-demographic and economic characteristics of the participants, dietary diversity, meal frequency, household food insecurity situation, ART adherence, and reasons for missing ART doses. The chapter also includes qualitative data from focus group discussions and in-depth interviews to provide a richer understanding of the research findings. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the results, interpreting the findings in light of the existing literature and identifying potential implications for interventions and policies.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
The main keywords and focus topics of this thesis include household food insecurity, HIV/AIDS, adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), urban PLHIV, Hawassa City, Ethiopia, socioeconomic factors, demographic factors, health outcomes, viral load, immune system function, and interventions. The study focuses on the relationship between food insecurity and adherence to ART among urban PLHIV in Ethiopia, highlighting the importance of addressing food security issues to improve treatment outcomes and overall health.- Quote paper
- Eyasu Desta Menamo (Author), 2012, Impact of Household Food Insecurity on Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) among Urban PLHIV, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/208218
