Environmental impact analysis of pulp and paper production

Term Paper , 2012 , 54 Pages , Grade: A

Environmental Sciences

The complexity of the paper issue means that firm conclusions are hard to draw. All paper manufactures causes harm to the environment and more often than not the determining factors in a paper mills. Environmental performance is not the process, paper type or fiber source but the location, mill practice and mill operator. Hence to try to grade paper products or production techniques into some kind of hierarchy of environmental performance, based solely on the manufacture process, is extremely difficult. Yet, globally however, the environmental impact of paper is significant, which has led to changes in industry and behavior at both business and personal levels. With the use of modern technology such as the printing press and the highly mechanized harvesting of wood, paper has become a cheap commodity everywhere. This has led to a high level of consumption and waste. With the rise in environmental awareness on the pollution of the Eco- system by the effluent of pulp and paper it became imperative to run a clearer analysis of its environmental impact.

TABLE OF CONTENT

LIST OF TABLES

LISTOF PLATES

1 Introduction
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Aim
1.4 Objectives

2 LITERATUR/ READING

3 Pulp and Paper Manufacturing Processes
3.2 Pulp
3.2.1 Chemical pulping
3.2.2 Mechanical pulping
3.3 Bleaching
3.4 Paper Production

4.Environmental Impact Analysis
4.2 General Organic Pollution and Suspended Solids
4.3 Acidic Compounds
4.4 Environmental Impact of Chlorine Compounds
4.5 General Organochlorine Products
3.5.1 Chlorophenolics
4.5.2 Dioxins (PCDD) and Furans (P CDF)
4.5.3 Chloroform and Other Neutral Chlorinated Compounds
4.6 Other Environmental Issues Relating to Effluent Discharge
4.7 Impact on Forest
4.8 Impact on Biodiversity
4.9 Impact on the Atmosphere
4.10 Impact onPoly Culture
4.11 Impact on water

5.1 Alternative processes of pulp and paper production
5.2 Recycled Fiber
5.3 Production
5.3.1 Mechanical pulping
5.4 Environmental impacts of the recycling process
5.4.1 Wastewater Emissions
5.4.2 Air Emissions
5.4.3 Solid Waste
5.4.4 Energy use
5.4.5 Water Use
5.4.6 Life Cycle Analyses
5.5 NonWood Fiber Sources
5.6 NonWood Fiber Types
5.7 Environmental Impacts of NonWood Fiber Pulp and Paper
5.7.1 Crop Production
5.8 The Manufacture Process

6.1 Summery
6.2 Recommendation
6.3 Conclusion

REFERENCES

• College: University of Nigeria (CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL)
• Course: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL
• Grade: A
• Author: Matthias Okoro (Author)
• Publication Year: 2012
• Pages: 54
• Catalog Number: V281546
• ISBN (eBook): 9783656758464
• ISBN (Book): 9783656758471
• Language: English
• Tags: environmental