Information Systems are developed to help users to achieve their goals. If we look at the international level, the introduction of information technology and general information systems in everyday life, we will see that this admission has been made successfull by-producing the expected results in countries characterized by good organization of public life other, individual systems, banking system, health system, are well organized and staffed.
On the other hand, Decision Support Systems represent a combined approach of decision making from the Administration area with tools and IT techniques. A widely accepted definition describes the DSS as computer software which accepts as input data a large number of events and methods to convert comparisons, graphs and directions in some sense, that facilitate and expand the capabilities of what takes decisions.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- 1. What are Information Systems
- 1.1. Definitions
- 1.2. Components of an Information System
- 1.2.1. The basic components of a Computer Information System
- 2. What decision
- 2.1. What is a Decision Support System (DSS)
- 2.1.1. Structure of a Decision Support System (DSS)
- 2.2. Decision Support System Structure (DSS)
- 3. The Decision Support System features
- 3.1. Applications of Decision Support
- 3.1.1. Historical evolution
- 3.1.2. Comparative Endorsement Decision Support Systems
- 3.2. Factors affecting the inapplicability
- 4. Conclusions
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This text aims to define and differentiate between Information Systems and Decision Support Systems (DSS). It explores the components, structures, applications, and limitations of both types of systems. The text also traces the historical evolution of DSS and highlights their key features.
- Defining Information Systems and their components
- Defining Decision Support Systems (DSS) and their structure
- Exploring the applications and historical evolution of DSS
- Analyzing the features and limitations of DSS
- Differentiating between Information Systems and Decision Support Systems
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
1. What are Information Systems: This chapter provides a foundational understanding of information systems. It begins by defining information itself, differentiating it from data, and emphasizing its role in providing knowledge. The chapter then defines information systems as open systems interacting with their environment, processing information from various sources. It details the key components of information systems, including people (users and creators), data, information technology (hardware and software), processes, and procedures, providing a comprehensive overview of their interrelation and function within an organizational context. The chapter concludes by elaborating on the essential components of a computer-based information system, namely hardware, software, databases, and networks, alongside the procedures that govern their interaction to process information and generate desired outputs.
2. What decision: This chapter delves into the concept of decision-making, defining it as the process of selecting between alternatives to bridge the gap between a current and desired state. It elaborates on Simon's more comprehensive definition, which encompasses identifying opportunities, exploring courses of action, and ultimately, making a choice. The chapter outlines the stages of the decision-making process: problem/opportunity identification, alternative identification, analysis and evaluation of alternatives, solution selection, implementation, and program evaluation. This structured approach lays the groundwork for understanding the role of Decision Support Systems in aiding this crucial process.
3. The Decision Support System features: This chapter focuses on the features and capabilities of Decision Support Systems (DSS). It highlights the ability of DSS to enhance decision-making by accelerating data processing, reinforcing conclusions, enhancing memory, and expanding access to relevant knowledge. The discussion emphasizes the importance of time efficiency in service environments, noting that effective DSS should save time without increasing workload. Furthermore, the chapter underscores the urgency-oriented nature of DSS, prompting users to consider preventive actions alongside immediate problem-solving. The speed and quality of response from the system are presented as key factors influencing the adoption and success of DSS among professionals, highlighting cost reduction and service enhancement as critical benefits.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
Information Systems, Decision Support Systems (DSS), Decision Making, Information Technology, Data, Knowledge, Open Systems, Hardware, Software, Databases, Networks, Procedures, Historical Evolution, Applications, Features, Limitations.
Frequently Asked Questions: A Comprehensive Guide to Information Systems and Decision Support Systems
What is the main topic of this text?
This text provides a comprehensive overview of Information Systems and Decision Support Systems (DSS), exploring their definitions, components, structures, applications, limitations, and historical evolution. It aims to differentiate between these two types of systems and highlight their key features.
What are the key themes covered in the text?
The key themes include defining and differentiating Information Systems and DSS, exploring their components and structures, analyzing the applications and historical evolution of DSS, examining the features and limitations of DSS, and comparing and contrasting Information Systems and DSS.
What are the main components of an Information System?
An Information System comprises people (users and creators), data, information technology (hardware and software), processes, and procedures. These components interact within an organizational context to process information and generate desired outputs. A computer-based information system specifically includes hardware, software, databases, and networks.
What is a Decision Support System (DSS)?
A Decision Support System (DSS) is a system designed to aid in decision-making. It enhances decision-making by accelerating data processing, reinforcing conclusions, enhancing memory, and expanding access to relevant knowledge. It's particularly valuable in time-sensitive situations, enabling faster and more informed choices.
What are the key features of a DSS?
Key features of a DSS include its ability to enhance time efficiency without increasing workload, its urgency-oriented nature prompting preventive actions, and its focus on providing fast and high-quality responses. Cost reduction and service enhancement are also critical benefits.
What are the stages in the decision-making process as described in the text?
The decision-making process, as outlined, includes: problem/opportunity identification, alternative identification, analysis and evaluation of alternatives, solution selection, implementation, and program evaluation.
What is the historical evolution of DSS covered in the text?
While not explicitly detailed, the text mentions a historical evolution of DSS, suggesting a progression in capabilities and applications over time. Further research would be needed to delve into the specifics of this evolution.
What are the limitations of DSS mentioned in the text?
The text highlights the factors affecting the inapplicability of DSS, though the specific limitations are not explicitly listed. Further investigation within the full text is required to fully understand these limitations.
How does the text differentiate between Information Systems and DSS?
The text differentiates between Information Systems and DSS by defining them separately, exploring their unique components and structures, and highlighting the specific applications and capabilities of each. The key difference lies in the purpose: Information Systems manage and process information broadly, while DSS are specifically designed to support decision-making.
Where can I find more detailed information on the topics covered?
This FAQ provides a summary. For detailed information, consult the complete text itself. The text includes chapter summaries providing more in-depth explanations of each topic.
- Quote paper
- Ioannis Panges (Author), 2016, Information Systems and Decision Support Systems, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/322415