The aim of this study was to find out if the Stroop (context interference) effect still remains robust. The tested condition only considered the colour naming part of the original Stroop test, examined with a consistent presentation of coloured ink words. 18 participants were selected by using a convenience sampling. The participants’ task was to name words’ ink colours. The times for accomplishing the task were taken in 2 trials, examining 3 lists of coloured ink words on a computer; containing nouns, nonsense, and colour names. It was predicted that there would be an effect of the type of word list on the time taken to name ink colours.
Results supported the prediction and demonstrated that the effect on the participants’ ink colour naming time has been bigger for written colour names than for presented nouns or non-sense words. No statistical difference could be found between answering times of the last two groups. It was concluded that contextual effects, here the meaning of a word and its’ relation to the task of ink colour naming, could influence the answering time. In this study words representing colour names were slowing down the ink colour naming time most, as their meaning is closest related to the ink colour. This supports earlier findings about the validity and reliability of the Stroop effect.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Method
- Participants
- Materials and Apparatus
- Procedure
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Appendix
- Appendix 1: Instructions for Participants
- Appendix 2: Data Collection Sheet
- Appendix 3: Word Lists - Noun, Nonsense and Colour Words
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This study aimed to investigate the robustness of the Stroop effect, focusing solely on the color-naming aspect of the original Stroop test. The research employed a controlled design using three word lists (nouns, nonsense words, and color words) presented in colored ink. The primary goal was to determine if the type of word list influences the time taken to name the ink color.
- The robustness of the Stroop effect in a modern context.
- The influence of word type (nouns, nonsense words, color words) on color-naming speed.
- The impact of contextual interference on cognitive processing speed.
- Replication and validation of previous findings on the Stroop effect.
- Examination of the relationship between word meaning and response time.
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
Abstract: This study investigated the persistence of the Stroop effect by focusing solely on color naming. Eighteen participants named the ink colors of three word lists (nouns, nonsense words, and color words) in two trials. Results showed that color words significantly slowed down response times compared to nouns or nonsense words, confirming the Stroop effect's continued relevance.
Introduction: This chapter provides a historical overview of research on attention and interference in color naming tests, tracing it back to the 19th century and highlighting Stroop's seminal work. It discusses Stroop's original findings, emphasizing the interference caused by incongruent color words, and mentions subsequent research exploring variations in the effect based on factors such as age and task content. The introduction culminates in the rationale for the current study—to determine whether the Stroop effect remains robust under controlled conditions focused exclusively on color naming, without the confounding factor of reading the words themselves.
Method: This section details the methodology employed in the study, outlining the participant selection (convenience sampling of 18 participants), the materials used (three lists of color words: nouns, nonsense words, and color words presented in various ink colors), and the procedure followed (participants named the ink color of presented words, and their response times were measured in two trials for each word list). The meticulous description of the methodology ensures replicability and transparency of the research process.
Results: This section presents the findings of the study. It directly addresses whether the Stroop effect—the interference of word meaning on ink color naming speed—was observed. Specific data regarding response times for each word list (nouns, nonsense, color words) would be presented here, along with statistical analyses to determine the significance of the findings. This section would provide the empirical evidence supporting or refuting the hypotheses.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
Stroop effect, cognitive interference, color naming, response time, contextual interference, attention, word meaning, experimental psychology, reaction time, word lists.
Frequently Asked Questions: Comprehensive Language Preview
What is the main focus of this study?
This study investigates the robustness of the Stroop effect, specifically focusing on the color-naming aspect. It examines how the type of word (nouns, nonsense words, or color words) impacts the time taken to name the ink color.
What methodology was used in this study?
The study employed a controlled design with 18 participants. Three word lists (nouns, nonsense words, and color words) were presented in different colored inks. Participants named the ink color, and their response times were measured across two trials for each word list. The methodology is described in detail to ensure replicability.
What were the key findings of the study?
The results directly address whether the Stroop effect (interference of word meaning on color-naming speed) was observed. The study analyzed response times for each word list and used statistical analysis to determine the significance of the findings. The results confirm or refute the hypothesis regarding the Stroop effect's persistence.
What are the key themes explored in this study?
Key themes include the robustness of the Stroop effect in a modern context, the influence of word type on color-naming speed, the impact of contextual interference on cognitive processing speed, replication of previous findings, and the relationship between word meaning and response time.
What are the key objectives of this study?
The primary objective was to determine if the type of word list (nouns, nonsense words, or color words) influences the time taken to name the ink color. The study aimed to investigate the continued relevance of the Stroop effect under controlled conditions focusing solely on color naming.
What is included in the Table of Contents?
The table of contents includes: Abstract, Introduction, Method (Participants, Materials and Apparatus, Procedure), Results, Discussion, References, and Appendix (Appendix 1: Instructions for Participants, Appendix 2: Data Collection Sheet, Appendix 3: Word Lists - Noun, Nonsense and Colour Words).
What are the key words associated with this study?
Key words include: Stroop effect, cognitive interference, color naming, response time, contextual interference, attention, word meaning, experimental psychology, reaction time, and word lists.
What is the Summary of each Chapter?
Summaries are provided for each chapter: Abstract (brief overview of the study and findings), Introduction (historical context and rationale), Method (detailed explanation of the methodology), and Results (presentation of findings and statistical analysis).
- Arbeit zitieren
- Max Korbmacher (Autor:in), 2016, Does the Stroop effect remain as robust today? How different kinds of coloured words are influencing the ink-colour naming speed, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/350510
