Speech errors are errors in spontaneous speech and not the product of intentional ungrammaticality or dialects.
They occur when the speaker’s actual utterance differs in some way from the intended utterance, the so called target. The question is what kind of speech errors can occur and how these errors can be explained with the help of different models of speech production.
My termpaper is concerned with different types of speech errors and two important models of speech production by Levelt and Garrett. I will introduce Levelt’s model of speech production first. Then I will explain different types of speech errors with reference to this model. In chapter 4 I will give own examples of German speech errors from everyday life and TV, try to put them into Levelt’s model and explain them. Afterwards I will introduce the speech production model of Garrett and give two examples of speech errors with reference to this model. At the end of this term paper I will to give a short summary and compare the two models briefly.
Table of Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Levelt's model of speech production
- 2.1 Slots-and-Fillers Theory
- 3 Types of speech errors
- 3.1 Blends
- 3.1.1 Word blends
- 3.1.2 Phrase blends
- 3.2 Substitutions
- 3.2.1 Word substitution
- 3.2.2 Substitution of one sound for another
- 3.3 Exchanges
- 3.3.1 Word exchange
- 3.3.2 Phrase exchange
- 3.3.3 Exchange of sounds
- 3.3.4 Exchange of consonant clusters
- 3.3.5 Exchange of morphemes
- 3.3.6 Exchange of features
- 3.1 Blends
- 4 Explanation of some speech errors according to Levelt's model
- 5 Garrett's model of speech production
- 5.1 EXPLANATION OF A FEW SPEECH ERRORS ACCORDING TO GARRETT'S MODEL
- 6 Summary
Objectives and Key Themes
This term paper aims to explore the nature of speech errors and explain them using two prominent models of speech production: Levelt's model and Garrett's model. The paper investigates various types of speech errors and analyzes how these models account for their occurrence.
- Types of speech errors (blends, substitutions, exchanges)
- Levelt's model of speech production and its components
- The Slots-and-Fillers Theory within Levelt's model
- Garrett's model of speech production
- Application of both models to explain real-world speech errors
Chapter Summaries
1 Introduction: This introductory chapter defines speech errors as unintentional deviations from intended utterances in spontaneous speech, differentiating them from intentional ungrammaticality or dialectal variations. It outlines the paper's scope, focusing on the classification of speech errors and their explanation through Levelt's and Garrett's models of speech production. The chapter sets the stage by highlighting the central research question: What types of speech errors exist, and how can these errors be explained using different models of speech production?
2 Levelt's model of speech production: This chapter details Levelt's model, illustrating its components: the Conceptualizer (generating the preverbal message), the Formulator (translating into linguistic structure and phonetic plan), the Articulator (executing the phonetic plan), and the Speech-Comprehension-System (monitoring production). The chapter emphasizes the model's modularity and how the lack of feedback between components allows for errors to occur. The explanation highlights the crucial role of procedural and declarative knowledge in message generation and the sequential nature of grammatical and phonological encoding.
3 Types of speech errors: This chapter systematically classifies various types of speech errors. It categorizes them into blends (word and phrase blends), substitutions (word and sound substitutions), and exchanges (word, phrase, sound, consonant cluster, morpheme, and feature exchanges). Each category is described in detail, providing examples and highlighting the subtle distinctions between different error types. This comprehensive categorization forms the basis for later analysis using the presented models of speech production. The distinctions between these error types lay the groundwork for understanding the underlying cognitive processes involved in speech production.
Keywords
Speech errors, speech production, Levelt's model, Garrett's model, Slots-and-Fillers Theory, blends, substitutions, exchanges, phonological encoding, grammatical encoding, cognitive processes, psycholinguistics.
FAQ: A Comprehensive Language Preview of Speech Errors and Models of Speech Production
What is the main topic of this text?
This text is a comprehensive preview of a paper exploring the nature of speech errors and explaining them using two prominent models of speech production: Levelt's model and Garrett's model. It details various types of speech errors, examines the models' components, and applies them to analyze real-world speech errors.
What models of speech production are discussed?
The text focuses on Levelt's model and Garrett's model of speech production. Levelt's model is described in detail, including its components (Conceptualizer, Formulator, Articulator, and Speech-Comprehension-System), emphasizing its modularity and how errors can arise from a lack of feedback between components. Garrett's model is also introduced, although with less detail.
What types of speech errors are covered?
The text systematically classifies speech errors into three main categories: blends (word and phrase blends), substitutions (word and sound substitutions), and exchanges (word, phrase, sound, consonant cluster, morpheme, and feature exchanges). Each category is explained with examples, highlighting the distinctions between different error types.
What is Levelt's Slots-and-Fillers Theory?
The text mentions Levelt's Slots-and-Fillers Theory as a component within Levelt's broader model of speech production. While not explicitly defined in the preview, it's presented as a significant element within the model's explanation of speech error generation.
How do the models explain the occurrence of speech errors?
The text explains that both models account for speech errors in different ways. Levelt's model attributes errors to the modularity of the speech production system and lack of feedback between its components. The text suggests that Garrett's model offers an alternative perspective but doesn't provide the specific details of this explanation within the preview.
What are the key objectives of the main text?
The main text aims to explore the nature of speech errors and explain them using Levelt's and Garrett's models. It investigates different types of speech errors and analyzes how these models account for their occurrence.
What are the key themes explored in the text?
Key themes include the types of speech errors (blends, substitutions, exchanges), Levelt's model and its components, the Slots-and-Fillers Theory, Garrett's model, and the application of both models to explain real-world speech errors.
What is the structure of the main text?
The main text is structured with an introduction, chapters dedicated to Levelt's and Garrett's models, a chapter classifying types of speech errors, and a summary chapter. Each chapter is summarized in the preview provided.
What are the keywords associated with the text?
Keywords include: Speech errors, speech production, Levelt's model, Garrett's model, Slots-and-Fillers Theory, blends, substitutions, exchanges, phonological encoding, grammatical encoding, cognitive processes, and psycholinguistics.
- Quote paper
- Jessica Schulze (Author), 2004, Psycholinguistics - Speech errors, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/35422
