This exegetical paper engages with Romans 13:1-7, one of the most problematic and debated passages in the Pauline corpus, which has been quoted by many politicians and religious leaders in different ways to solve the tensions arising frequently between church and state. Accordingly, this paper seeks to reinterpret Romans 13:1-7 based on Paul’s character and behavior mentioned in Acts 16-26.
The first part of the paper deals with exegetical issues, namely the world behind the text, the world in the text, and the world in front of the text. Following this, the paper articulates the relationship between Luke and Paul and the Lukan Paul in Acts. After this, the remainder of the paper will focus on interpretation and reflection. Ultimately, this paper argues that Paul, if based on Luke’s depiction in Acts 16-26, may well not have meant blind obedience—when he speaks of submitting to the governing authorities—but reflective obedience.
contents
Introduction
I. The World Behind the Text
II. The World in the Text
1. Literary Analysis
2. Paul’s Arguments
3. Textual Variants
4. Interpolation
5. Analysis of Key Words
(a) ἐξουσίαις (vv.1, 2a, 3b, 4b, 6b)
(b) ὑποτασσέσθω and τεταγμέναι (vv.1b, 2a)
(c) κρίμα and ὀργὴν (vv. 2b, 4b, 5b)
(d) διάκονός (vv. 4a, 4b, 6b)
(e) συνείδησιν (v. 5b)
III. The World in Front of the Text
IV. Paul and Luke
V. Lukan Paul
VI. Interpretation
VII. Reflection
Conclusion
Bibliography
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