Bangladesh is the one of the most populous country in the world being able to make the world, the demographers and population scientists to look at this country with marvel eyes to see the staggering improvement in fertility declining. Without substantial improvement in socio-economic and health the extent and rapid declining fertility started from mid seventieth to mid nineteenth, and then remained constant over a decade. Bangladesh is now walking to attaining replacement level of fertility as the fertility declining again started from the mid twentieth and has been carrying the declining in fertility through all over the last decade. Along with achieving the long and glorious history of fertility declining Bangladesh also experienced an intensive increase in contraceptive use over these periods.
This paper has been made an attempt to explore the rural urban differentiate of fertility and contraceptive use in Bangladesh adopting parity progression ratio and logistic regression model using the nationwide Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data. The findings indicate that urban area has an improvement in fertility and contraceptive use than their rural counterparts. Age of the respondent, level of education, region, and current work status are significant predictors of current use of contraception in urban area. In rural area the significant predictors are age of the respondent, level of education, region, current work status, exposure to mass media and religion.
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION
2. DATA AND METHODOLOGY
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1 Urban rural differentials in fertility through Parity Progression ratio
3.2 Urban Rural differentials in the use of contraception
4. Conclusions
Research Objectives and Themes
The primary objective of this research is to examine the disparities in fertility rates and contraceptive usage between urban and rural populations in Bangladesh. By utilizing data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS 2007), the study seeks to identify the key socio-economic and demographic predictors that drive these urban-rural gaps, ultimately providing policy insights to improve family planning and reproductive health outcomes across the country.
- Analysis of fertility differentials using Parity Progression Ratio (PPR) models.
- Evaluation of factors influencing current contraceptive use through logistic regression analysis.
- Investigation of socio-demographic determinants such as education, region, work status, and religion.
- Assessment of the role of mass media exposure in shaping reproductive behavior.
Excerpt from the Book
3.1 Urban rural differentials in fertility through Parity Progression ratio
Parity Progression Ratio (PPR) is the chance that a woman after delivering ith child will ever precede to the next parity. If this progression is recorded to cohort like year of marriage, year of birth of mothers etc., then it is termed as cohort parity progression ratio (CPPR) and if it is recorded for a specific period, say, one calendar year then it is called period parity progression ratio (PPPR).
To see the level of fertility Cohort Parity Progression Ratio (CPPR) is used by taking cohort of women who got married during 1971-1973.Table 1 shows the level of fertility through Cohort Parity Progression Ratio. CPPRs are estimated for the transitions M→ 1 (marriage to first birth), 1→2 (first birth to second birth), 2→3, 3→4, 4→5, 5→6 and 6→7+ (six to seven or higher order birth). In rural area among those who marry, the likelihood of progressing to first birth is 97 percent. Among those who had a first birth, the likelihood of progressing to second birth is 95 percent. A considerable reduction (about 9 percent) is observed in proceeding to third parity, indicating that many women stopped childbearing by getting two children. The progression ratios beyond third birth dropped off further. In urban area a consistent decline of CPPRs are also observed. CPPRs in rural areas are higher than in urban areas at each parity transition. By place of residence, there is a little variation in progression ratios at parity transitions M→1, 1→2 and 2→3. Among women who marry, nearly all have a first, second and third child irrespective of their place of residence. For each parity transition beyond parity three, progression ratios for rural women are considerably higher than those for urban women (Table 1 and Figure 1).
Summary of Chapters
1. INTRODUCTION: Outlines the demographic context of Bangladesh, highlighting the country's fertility decline and the persistent discrepancies in reproductive outcomes between urban and rural regions.
2. DATA AND METHODOLOGY: Describes the utilization of the 2007 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) data and the statistical models, specifically Parity Progression Ratio and logistic regression, employed for the analysis.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Provides a detailed examination of fertility transitions through parity analysis and explores the significant factors, such as age, education, region, and work status, that influence the use of contraception.
4. Conclusions: Summarizes the findings and emphasizes the need for tailored development policies and improved family planning services to reduce fertility differentials in low-performing rural areas.
Keywords
Parity Progression Ratio, Fertility, Contraceptive use, Bangladesh, Logistic regression, Socio-economic status, Reproductive health, Urban-rural gap, Family planning, Demography, Education, Mass media exposure, Religion.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research paper?
The paper focuses on analyzing the differences in fertility behavior and the use of contraceptive methods between urban and rural populations in Bangladesh.
What are the central thematic areas of the study?
The central themes include demographic fertility transitions, socio-economic determinants of family planning, the impact of regional disparities, and the influence of women's status on contraceptive adoption.
What is the primary research goal?
The primary goal is to identify factors contributing to the urban-rural gap in contraceptive use and to understand how these factors affect fertility rates in different regions of the country.
Which scientific methods are employed in the study?
The study adopts the Parity Progression Ratio (PPR) model to measure fertility and a binary logistic regression model to assess the determinants of contraceptive use.
What topics are covered in the main body of the paper?
The main body covers cohort and period parity progression, total fertility rates by region, and a detailed regression analysis of independent variables like education, age, work status, and media exposure.
Which keywords best characterize the study?
Key terms include Parity Progression Ratio, Fertility, Contraceptive use, Bangladesh, Logistic regression, and socio-economic demographics.
How does the region of residence impact contraceptive use according to the findings?
The study finds significant regional variations; for instance, areas like Sylhet and Chittagong demonstrate lower contraceptive uptake compared to other regions, partly due to more traditional values.
Does the level of education play a significant role for women in rural areas?
Yes, the findings indicate that higher education levels are generally associated with a higher likelihood of using contraceptive methods among rural women.
What role does mass media play in the context of family planning?
Mass media is identified as a significant factor that influences women's behavior and decisions, as exposure to media messages is positively correlated with the use of contraceptive methods.
- Quote paper
- Musammad Rahima Begum (Author), 2017, Urban Rural differentials in the use of Fertility and Contraceptive use in Bangladesh, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/380368
