"Staphylococcus aureus" contamination levels in selected local herbal medicines sold in Kampala, Uganda

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF TABLES

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Problem statement
1.3 Justification
1.4 Study objectives
1.4.1 General objective
1.4.2 Specific objectives
1.5 Research questions

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Herbal medicine
2.1.1 Classification of herbal medicine
2.1.2 Uses of herbal medicine
2.2 Bacterial quality of herbal medicines
2.2.1 Public health complications of contaminated herbal medicine
2.3 Biology of Staphylococcus aureus
2.3.1 Transmission of Staphylococcal infections
2.3.2 Diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus
2.4 Antibacterial resistance
2.4.1 Antibacterial resistance mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus

CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Study area
3.2 Study design
3.3 Data collection
3.3.1 Qualitative data collection
3.3.2 Quantitative data collection
3.4 Sample size
3.5 Sampling strategy
3.6 Sample selection criteria
3.6.1 Inclusion criteria
3.6.2 Exclusion criteria
3.7 Staphylococcus aureus culture
3.7.1 Labelling test tubes and culture plates in the laboratory
3.7.2 Processing of samples
3.7.3 Preparation of media
3.7.4 Culture of samples
3.7.5 Plate reading bacterial identification and colony plate count
3.8 Antibacterial susceptibility testing
3.9 Quality control and quality assurance
3.10 Data analysis
3.11 Study limitation and mitigation

CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
4.1 Local herbal medicines sold in Kampala, Uganda
4.2 Level of contamination of herbal medicine with Staphylococcus aureus
4.2.1 Growth patterns of Staphylococcus aureus
4.2.2 Colony forming units of Staphylococcus aureus
4.3: Antibacterial susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
5.1 Local herbal medicines sold in Kampala, Uganda
5.2 Level of contamination of herbal medicine with Staphylococcus aureus
5.3 Antibacterial susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus

CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
6.1 Conclusion
6.2 Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDICES
Appendix 1: Coagulase test
Appendix 2: labelling, counting and isolating colonies in pictures
Appendix 3: Map of Kampala city, Uganda
Appendix 4: Questionnaire
Appendix 5: List of local herbal medicines sold in Kampala and the conditions they treat