The rising demand of electricity and the environmental concern in the recent past necessities the need of renewable energy sources. The Renewable energy sources have gained major importance due to the depletion of the conventional fuels in the future. Among the available renewable sources the Wind energy has gained a significant importance due to its high efficiency and pollution free nature. Large Wind Farms have been set up to meet the energy demand globally. The capacity of the Wind Turbine Generator is being increased gradually from a few KW capacities in the beginning rising up to almost 5 MW in the present. More research has to be carried in this field to make it a dominant source for the rising energy demand. Wind energy potential has to be harnessed on a large scale in places which have high wind density.
Before the actual commissioning of the Wind Farm on site, a wide range of analysis has to be carried in terms of simulation. This is done to understand the behavior of the system under various conditions and preventive actions if any are to be taken. The pre analysis gives us an idea of the selection of devices for higher efficiency and system reliability.
This project is a research work carried in ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program), which is a Power System Simulation tool. The analysis carried out to demonstrate the capabilities of the SCIG (Squirrel Cage Induction Generator) based Wind Farm include Load Flow analysis, to find out the Power transferred to the Grid in normal condition at rated Wind Speed. Active Power Output at various Wind Speeds, which presents the efficiency of the Wind Farm at various range of wind speeds. Short Circuit analysis which is essential to determine the capability of the Wind Farm to recover from any abnormal conditions. Harmonic analysis to determine the Quality of power being delivered and the Harmonic Filter design to mitigate the Harmonic content if any in excess.Reactive Power analysis which is important considering the stability of the system and a suitable Capacitor design for reactive Power compensation.
The WTG (Wind Turbine Generator) considered was a Type 2 Variable speed SCIG of 2.1 MW assigned in ETAP. The Wind Farm consisted of a total of 20 WTG’s with a total capacity of 42 MW. The results obtained were compared with the theoretical values and were found to be the same. The analysis performed presented a clear indication of the future of Wind Energy in SCIG based Wind Farms.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
1.1 Introduction to Wind Energy Scenario
1.2 Power Generation in India
1.3 Wind Power in India
1.4 Types of Wind Turbines
1.4.1 Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
1.4.2 Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
1.5 Types of Wind Turbine Generator
1.5.1 Squirrel Cage Induction Generator
1.5.2 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator
1.5.3 Doubly Fed Induction Generator
CHAPTER 2
2.1 Literature Review
2.2 Problem Identification
2.3 Grid Codes
2.4 Objectives
CHAPTER 3
3.1 Modeling of Squirrel Cage Induction Generator
CHAPTER 4
Simulation and Analysis
4.1 Overview of the Wind Farm
4.2 Load Flow Analysis
4.3 Active Power at Various Wind Speeds
4.4 Short Circuit Analysis
4.4.1 3- Phase Short Circuit fault
4.4.2 Single L-G fault
4.5 Real and Reactive Power analysis during Fault Conditions
4.5.1 Real Power Analysis during Single L-G fault
4.5.2 Reactive Power Analysis during Single L-G fault
4.6 Harmonic Analysis
4.6.1 Harmonic Analysis without Harmonic Filter
4.6.2 Harmonic Analysis after Filter Implementation
4.7 Reactive Power Analysis
4.8 A General Comparison of Simulation results obtained between SCIG and DFIG on same Wind Farm
Chapter 5
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Future Scope
Chapter 6
Objectives & Core Topics
The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the operational capabilities of a Squirrel Cage Induction Generator (SCIG) based wind farm through computer simulation using the ETAP software. The study aims to analyze the system's behavior under various conditions, including steady-state load flow, short-circuit transients, harmonic distortion, and reactive power requirements, while benchmarking these findings against the performance of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) systems.
- Wind energy potential and technological landscape in India
- Mathematical modeling of Squirrel Cage Induction Generators
- Simulation of grid performance, load flow, and short-circuit fault recovery
- Power quality analysis and the design of harmonic mitigation filters
- Reactive power compensation strategies using capacitor banks
Excerpt from the Book
4.4.1 3-Phase Short Circuit Fault
These faults generally occur in the Power System and the necessity was felt to study and analyze these faults. The 3-Phase Fault was introduced in the System at Bus 1 at 3 s (Seconds) and cleared at 3.5 s, the total Simulation time considered was 30 s. During the presence of the 3-Phase Fault the Voltage dip down to almost 0 kV until the fault was cleared. This indicated the impact of this fault on Bus 1. After the Fault was cleared at 3.5 s the system started recovering with gradual increase in Voltage and attained the normal operating Condition at 4.441 s, which is almost after a span of 0.94 s after fault clearing time. The tabular form of System recovery Voltage after fault clearing is presented in the Table 4.5 given below.
Summary of Chapters
CHAPTER 1: Provides an overview of the global and Indian wind energy scenario, along with the classification and operational principles of various wind turbine generators.
CHAPTER 2: Reviews existing literature regarding SCIG and DFIG systems, identifies core technical challenges, and outlines the objectives of the research study.
CHAPTER 3: Details the mathematical modeling of the Squirrel Cage Induction Generator, including voltage equations and torque analysis using reference variables.
CHAPTER 4: Presents the comprehensive ETAP simulation results, covering load flow, short circuit performance, harmonic analysis, and reactive power compensation.
Chapter 5: Concludes the findings regarding SCIG suitability and suggests potential areas for future experimental validation and topology comparison.
Keywords
SCIG, DFIG, Wind Farm, ETAP, Load Flow, Harmonic Analysis, Reactive Power, Power Quality, Short Circuit Fault, Capacitor Bank, Grid Code, Wind Turbine Generator, Voltage Stability, Simulation, Renewable Energy.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research?
The research focuses on evaluating the performance and reliability of SCIG-based wind farms under grid-connected conditions using simulation-based analysis.
What are the primary topics covered?
The work covers wind energy scenarios, generator modeling, load flow studies, short-circuit analysis, power quality improvement through harmonic filtering, and reactive power compensation.
What is the main goal of the project?
The primary goal is to assess whether SCIG technology is efficient and stable for large-scale wind farm implementations by analyzing its response to electrical faults and power quality demands.
Which software tools were utilized?
The research was conducted using ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program), a professional power system simulation software.
What specific analysis does the main body provide?
The main body provides deep insights into real-power output, transient fault recovery times, harmonic distortion levels, and the efficacy of capacitor banks in voltage support.
Which keywords best characterize this work?
The work is best characterized by terms such as SCIG, Power Quality, Harmonic Analysis, Wind Farm Simulation, and Reactive Power Compensation.
How does SCIG compare to DFIG in this study?
The study indicates that while DFIG systems provide better reactive power control, SCIG-based farms demonstrate superior performance in terms of fault recovery time and lower harmonic content under specific conditions.
What is the significance of the harmonic filter design?
The filter design is crucial because the simulation showed that the SCIG wind farm initially violated Indian grid codes regarding Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), requiring mitigation to ensure power quality.
How does the capacitor bank benefit the SCIG wind farm?
The capacitor bank is essential because SCIG machines draw significant reactive power from the grid; the installation significantly reduces this demand and stabilizes system performance.
- Arbeit zitieren
- Shripad Desai (Autor:in), 2018, Wind Power and Analysis of Squirrel Cage Induction Generator Based Wind Farm, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/437096
