The study has been contemplated to evaluate the sources and levels of sulphur for maximizing the productivity of blackgram in Madurai district, Tamil Nadu in the following objectives: To delineate sulphur status of soils of pulses growing areas in Madurai district, to study the release pattern of different sulphur sources through laboratory incubation, to study the adsorption and desorption behavior of sulphur in various soil types and to evaluate the effect of different sources of sulphur on yield, nutrient uptake and quality of blackgram.
Pulses are the second most important group of crops after cereals. India is producing 14.76 million tons of pulses from an area of 23.63 million hectare, which is one of the largest pulses producing countries in the world. India accounts for 33 per cent of the world area and 22 per cent of the world production of pulses.Despite India being the largest producer (18.5 million tons) and processor of pulses in the world also imports around 3.5 million tons annually on an average to meet its ever increasing consumption needs of around 22.0 million tons. According to Indian Institute of Pulses Research’s Vision document, India’s population is expected to touch 1.68 billion by 2030 and the pulse requirement for the year 2030 is projected at 32 million tons with anticipated required annual growth rate of 4.2 per cent. However, about 2-3 million tons of pulses are imported annually to meet the domestic consumption requirement.
Contents
I INTRODUCTION
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
III MATERIALS AND METHODS
IV EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
V DISCUSSION
VI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
Research Objective and Scope
The primary research objective of this thesis is to optimize the application of sulphur sources and establish appropriate recommendations to maximize the productivity of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) in the Madurai district of Tamil Nadu. The study evaluates soil sulphur status, determines the releasing pattern of different sulphur sources through laboratory incubation, examines the adsorption and desorption behavior of sulphur in diverse soil types, and assesses the impact of these applications on crop yield, nutrient uptake, and quality parameters.
- Delineation of sulphur status in soils of pulses-growing areas in Madurai district.
- Laboratory incubation studies to observe the release patterns of various sulphur sources.
- Investigation of adsorption and desorption behavior of sulphur across different soil series.
- Evaluation of sulphur application effects on blackgram growth, yield, and quality.
- Economic analysis of different sulphur fertilization strategies for local farmers.
Excerpt from the Thesis
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Pulses are the second most important group of crops after cereals. India is producing 14.76 million tons of pulses from an area of 23.63 million hectare, which is one of the largest pulses producing countries in the world. India accounts for 33 per cent of the world area and 22 per cent of the world production of pulses. Despite India being the largest producer (18.5 million tons) and processor of pulses in the world also imports around 3.5 million tons annually on an average to meet its ever increasing consumption needs of around 22.0 million tons. According to Indian Institute of Pulses Research’s Vision document, India’s population is expected to touch 1.68 billion by 2030 and the pulse requirement for the year 2030 is projected at 32 million tons with anticipated required annual growth rate of 4.2 per cent. However, about 2-3 million tons of pulses are imported annually to meet the domestic consumption requirement.
In India, cropping area of pulses about of 8.5 M ha, production of 8.8 MT with the average productivity of 1036 kg ha-1 during the year 2012 – 13 whereas in Tamil Nadu the cropping area of 7040 ha with, production of 4500 tonnes and an average productivity of 645 kg ha-1 was recorded. The country has achieved a record pulses production of 18.45 million tonnes in the crop year 2012-13. Thus, there is need to increase production and productivity of pulses in the country by more intensive interventions. To achieve the target of additional production of pulses, it is necessary to take efforts on five most important pulse crops depending upon their contribution in national production viz., chickpea (39%), pigeonpea (21%), mungbean (11%), urdbean (10%) and lentil (7%). Applications of essential nutrients in the form of fertiliser play a vital role in food grain production. In reality, achieving higher yields is not possible without the use of inorganic fertilisers. There are number of factors responsible for low yields of food grains in our country. To this effect imbalanced nutrition particularly, inadequate use of phosphorus and sulphur are major factor for pulses.
Summary of Chapters
I INTRODUCTION: This chapter highlights the vital role of pulses in India's agricultural economy and identifies the deficiency of essential nutrients, specifically sulphur, as a major constraint to productivity.
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE: A detailed overview of previous research regarding sulphur status in Indian soils, its transformation, adsorption/desorption behavior, and its influence on pulse crop yield and quality.
III MATERIALS AND METHODS: This section describes the systematic collection of soil samples from Madurai district, the setup of laboratory incubation experiments, and the procedures for field trials conducted on blackgram.
IV EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS: This chapter presents the data obtained from soil analysis, incubation studies, and field observations, including growth attributes, yield components, and nutrient uptake of blackgram under various sulphur treatments.
V DISCUSSION: A scientific interpretation of the observed data, focusing on how sulphur fertilization improves soil nutrient availability and plant performance in different soil series.
VI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: The final chapter provides a concise review of the research findings and offers actionable recommendations for optimizing sulphur usage to improve blackgram productivity in the Madurai district.
Keywords
Sulphur, Blackgram, Madurai district, Soil fertility, Nutrient uptake, Adsorption, Desorption, Crop productivity, Fertilization, Soil series, Vylogam, Peelamedu, Yield components, Foliar spray, Agronomic efficiency
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this research?
The research focuses on the optimization of sulphur sources and application rates to enhance the productivity of blackgram, specifically within the soil conditions found in the Madurai district of Tamil Nadu.
Which crops and nutrients are the main subjects of the study?
The study primarily investigates blackgram (a pulse crop) and its response to sulphur fertilization, alongside the management of other macronutrients like Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium.
What is the key goal of the investigation?
The goal is to address the widespread sulphur deficiency in local soils and establish a standardized recommendation for sulphur application to maximize crop yield and profit.
What scientific methods were employed?
The study utilized both laboratory incubation experiments to study sulphur release and adsorption, and field experiments in farmers' fields to evaluate growth, yield attributes, and economic viability.
What does the main body cover?
It covers initial soil characterization, the spatial distribution of sulphur in Madurai blocks, sulphur release patterns, sorption/desorption kinetics, and the field effects of sulphur on blackgram growth and quality.
What defines the core research keywords?
The keywords include sulphur, blackgram, soil fertility, adsorption, desorption, agronomic efficiency, and specific soil series like Vylogam and Peelamedu, reflecting the study's technical scope.
Why are the soil series (e.g., Vylogam, Peelamedu) important to the results?
The soil series differ in their mineralogy, pH, and sesquioxide content, which significantly impact how sulphur is adsorbed, retained, and made available to the plants.
What conclusions were drawn regarding the best sulphur source?
The study concludes that applying Potassium sulphate at 20 kg ha-1, complemented by a foliar spray of 0.5% K2SO4 at 30 and 45 DAS, is the most effective treatment for maximizing yield and profitability.
- Arbeit zitieren
- Gokila Bagavathsingh (Autor:in), 2016, Soil fertility. Optimizing the Sulphur Sources and recommendation for maximizing the Pulses Productivity, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/471350
