In this thesis, a novel scheme to optically generate a microwave signal employing frequency quadrupling and octupling schemes based on external modulation are proposed. Similarly, the sextupling technique is also analysed and simulated. Frequency quadrupling and the octupling scheme are based on carrier suppression and undesired harmonic distortion suppression utilizing an integrated dual-parallel Mach Zehnder Modulator (DPMZM); thus avoiding the use of electric phase shifter and optical phase shifter. Secondly, filterless features and fast frequency tuning of this technique is particularly attractive for optical upconversion in wave division multiplexing radio over fibre system. For verification, 30 GHz millimetre wave with more than 16.2 dB RFSSR and 60 GHz with more than 16.3 dB millimetre wave have been generated from a 7.5 GHz frequency wave by simulation and its operating principle and mathematical analysis has been performed. Performance of scheme has been characterised under different condition including DC drift of MZM, different amplitudes of RF inputs and different extinction ratios of MZM.
In addition to this, various external modulation techniques based on previous research papers are theoretically and mathematically analysed and simulated to compare with the performance and reliability of the newly generated system. In addition to this, the figure of merits of frequency multiplication is also investigated based on the phase noise, tunability of frequency and system stability analysis, and maximum gain.
At the present context, the demand for telecommunications, electronic warfare technologies and the high-speed internet is highly increasing. Such things have a great influence on modern society. Therefore, to fulfil these demand, wideband signal processing is needed which can be achieved using microwave photonics due to its unique features like low loss, compactness, immunity to the electromagnetic interference (EMI), strong capacity and high system reliability.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Chapter-1: Introduction
- 1.1 Background
- 1.2 Limitations and structural problem of previous microwave frequency generation
- 1.3 New solutions to microwave frequency generation
- 1.4 Aim of Project
- 1.5 Scope of study
- 1.6 Synopsis
- 1.8 Summary
- Chapter-2: Microwave Photonic and its Link components
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 History of microwave photonics
- 2.3 Optical generation of Microwave Signals
- 2.3.1 Optical source
- 2.3.2 Optical Modulator
- 2.3.3 Dual Parallel Mach Zehnder Modulator
- 2.3.4 Fibre optic cables
- 2.3.5 Optical filter
- 2.3.6 Photodetector
- 2.3.7 Erbium-doped fibre amplifiers (EDFA)
- 2.4 Passive components
- 2.4.1 Fibre optical Coupler
- 2.4.2 Optical Splitter
- Chapter-3: Techniques of Microwave photonic frequency Multiplication
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Techniques of microwave photonic frequency multiplier
- 3.2.1 Optical injection Locking
- 3.2.2 Optical Phase Lock Loop (OPLL)
- 3.2.3 Optical Injection Phase locking
- 3.3.4 External Modulation Technique
- 3.3 Summary
- Chapter-4: Figure of merit of Frequency multiplier
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Phase noise Performance
- 4.3 Frequency Tunability
- 4.4 System stability
- 4.4 Power loss
- 4.5 Summary
- Chapter-5: Literature Review
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 A microwave photonic frequency doubling technique
- 5.3 A microwave photonic frequency quadrupling techniques
- 5.3.1 A photonic microwave frequency quadrupling using series cascaded of two MZM
- 5.3.2 A photonic microwave frequency quadrupling using DPMZM without optical filter
- 5.3.3 A photonic microwave frequency quadrupling using DPMZM without optical filter without using RF phase shifter
- 5.4 A photonic microwave frequency sextupling using cascaded module
- 5.4.1 A photonic microwave frequency sextupling using series cascaded MZM and optical filter
- 5.4.2 A photonic microwave frequency sextupling using DPMZM and intensity modulator in cascade without optical filter
- 5.4.3 A photonic microwave frequency sextupling using DPMZM without optical filter
- 5.5 A microwave Photonic Octupling technique
- 5.5.1 A photonic microwave frequency octupling using two series cascading DPMZM without optical filter
- 5.5.2 A photonic microwave frequency octupling using two parallel cascading DPMZM without optical filter
- 5.6 Analysis and Discussion
- 5.7 Summary
- Chapter-6: A novel photonic microwave frequency quadrupling using single DPMZM
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Schematic Diagram
- 6.3 Operating Principle
- 6.4 Mathematical Analysis
- 6.5 Simulation
- 6.6 Simulation result and discussion
- 6.7 Advantage
- 6.8 Disadvantage
- 6.9 Summary
- Chapter-7: A novel photonic microwave frequency octupling using two cascades DPMZM
- 7.1 Introduction
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This thesis explores the development of novel microwave photonic frequency multiplication techniques, specifically focusing on quadrupling, sextupling, and octupling schemes. The main objective is to demonstrate the potential of these techniques for generating high-frequency microwave signals with enhanced performance and efficiency. The research utilizes external modulation techniques based on dual parallel Mach Zehnder Modulators (DPMZMs) to achieve this goal.
- Microwave photonic frequency multiplication
- External modulation techniques
- Dual parallel Mach Zehnder Modulator (DPMZM)
- High-frequency microwave signal generation
- Performance and efficiency optimization
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
- Chapter-1: Introduces the background of microwave photonic frequency generation, highlighting the limitations of existing techniques and the need for new solutions. It outlines the aim and scope of the research, presenting a synopsis of the thesis.
- Chapter-2: Provides an overview of microwave photonics and its essential components, including optical sources, modulators, fiber optic cables, optical filters, photodetectors, and Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers.
- Chapter-3: Discusses various techniques for microwave photonic frequency multiplication, including optical injection locking, Optical Phase Lock Loop (OPLL), optical injection phase locking, and external modulation techniques.
- Chapter-4: Examines the figure of merit for frequency multipliers, considering aspects like phase noise performance, frequency tunability, system stability, and power loss.
- Chapter-5: Reviews relevant research papers on microwave photonic frequency doubling, quadrupling, sextupling, and octupling techniques. It analyzes and discusses the different approaches and their advantages and limitations.
- Chapter-6: Presents a novel photonic microwave frequency quadrupling technique using a single DPMZM. It describes the schematic diagram, operating principle, mathematical analysis, and simulation results, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of this approach.
- Chapter-7: Introduces a novel photonic microwave frequency octupling technique using two cascaded DPMZMs. It provides an overview of the design, principle, and potential benefits.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
The central focus of this research lies in the field of microwave photonics, specifically investigating frequency multiplication techniques utilizing external modulation. Key terms include fiber optics, Mach Zehnder modulator, laser, optical filter, Fibre Bragg grating, analogue electronics, and signal processing. The work explores novel schemes based on dual parallel Mach Zehnder Modulators (DPMZM) for achieving frequency quadrupling, sextupling, and octupling, aiming to optimize performance and efficiency in generating high-frequency microwave signals. The research further delves into the figure of merit for frequency multipliers, analyzing factors such as phase noise, tunability, system stability, and power loss.
- Quote paper
- Raj Krishna Karmacharya (Author), 2017, Microwave Photonics Sextupling and Octupling Frequency Mutiplication, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/494303
