Overdose Detection using Sensor Technology

Abstract

This contraption is the first in a movement of endeavors examining wearable device answers for medicine overdose and incessant medication use. The device contains an accelerometer inbuilt in sensor, a PPG optical heartbeat sensor and a thermopile contact thermometer to perceive skin temperature. The device in like manner contains an exceptionally uproarious ringer and is related with a web application which is prepared for advised an emergency response gathering. The emergency response feature is at present a mockup and doesn't generally work. The general idea is that the contraption uses sensor data to perceive a possible medicine overdose event. The device by then starts its observing. In case the customer doesn't deactivate the observing after an allocated time period it is acknowledged that an overdose is happening and the contraption alerts emergency responders through the related online web application.

The primary thought behind this undertaking is to recognize an overdose and screen the state of the individual and give fundamental preventive measures to spare him from peril, in general it has a movement tracker empowered heartbeat sensor, it has a temperature sensor which distinguishes changes in body temperature when overdose is identified, a battery can likewise used to catalyst the switch .Overall it is significant activity for the individuals who are medication dependent and can't deal with themselves all alone, this observing framework can spare their life.

Keywords: Overdose, pulse sensor, addiction, monitoring.

INTRODUCTION

This device is the first in a movement of endeavors examining wearable contraption answers for prescription overdose and ceaseless medication use. The device contains an accelerometer, a PPG optical heartbeat sensor and a thermopile contactless thermometer to perceive skin temperature. The contraption in like manner contains a loud ringer and is related with a phone application which is prepared for alerted an emergency response gathering. The emergency response feature is at present a mockup and doesn't generally work. The general idea is that the device uses sensor data to perceive a possible medicine overdose event [3]. The device by then starts its chime. In case the customer doesn't deactivate the ringer after an allocated time period it is acknowledged that an overdose is happening and the contraption alerts emergency responders through the related mobile phone application. The fundamental thought behind this venture is to distinguish an overdose and screen the state of the individual and give essential preventive measures to spare him from danger, overall it has a movement tracker empowered with gps, it has a bell which signals when overdose is recognized, a battery is additionally used to catalyst the switch .Overall it is significant for the individuals who are medication dependent and can't deal with themselves all alone.[4]

Skin temperature and galvanic skin reaction sensors. If clients need to realize the amount they sweat and how their temperature changes during wellness exercises, the No.1 F7 Real-time GPS Watch and Huawei Watch 2 4G can give this data. Galvanic skin reaction (otherwise known as electro-dermal action) screens enable clients to gauge feelings of anxiety and help them get increasingly exact pulse information. Optical pulse screens. Even however there are some chest lashes that utilization ECG sensors to quantify pulse (the Polar H10, for instance), most of the present action trackers depend on optical sensors.[5] Optical pulse screens use LED sensors to track changes in blood immersion by going light through the skin in explicit spots: on the wrist, finger, biceps, temple, or ear, for instance. Subsequently, pulse screens get a photoplethysmogram (PPG) that enables them to decide pulse and heart cycle. Most movement trackers that have optical pulse screens measure beat with LED shafts at a wavelength of 525–535 nanometers (green light). Be that as it may, not every one of them work along these lines. Garmin's Fenix 5X Plus, for instance, presented Pulse Ox Acclimation, which brings a wrist-based heartbeat oximeter to the 5X Plus to quantify oxygen immersion. The Pulse Ox Acclimation causes you discover how your body is changing in accordance with higher elevations by following your blood oxygen levels. Heart rate screens can be independent or implicit [6]. The Polar OH1 is an independent optical armband. Independent pulse screens can be utilized related to a wellness tracker. For instance, about all gadgets from Garmin and Polar help a chest lash. Progressively costly wellness trackers and smart watches may contain worked in optical pulse screens. For model, the Apple Watch Series 4 has electrical and optical heart sensors. It screens a client's pulse and tells the client in the event that it identifies something of concern. With the ECG application, the Apple Watch Series 4 can create an ECG like that produced by a solitary lead electrocardiogram. The computerized crown on the Apple Watch Series 4 (with a titanium cathode) measures electrical heart motivations from at the tip of client's finger. [7] The back precious stone cathode is committed to doing likewise on the client's wrist. In actuality, pulse can be estimated with no devoted, extra sensors. The Heart Rate Monitor application, for instance, measures pulse utilizing a cell phone's camera. Every one client needs to do is put their finger over the camera focal point and let the application decide their pulse. An action tracker, otherwise called a wellness tracker, is a gadget or application for observing and following wellness related measurements, for example, separation strolled or run, calorie utilization, and now and again heartbeat. It is a sort of wearable PC.[8]

A. Motivation

As some people can’t afford the care takers to their parents and also some can’t take the risk of placing their parent’s health on someone’s hand, in such situations IOT provides a way to this problem. And in today’s environment aged people suffer from many problems so as they have to take different kinds of tablets at different time. Their ambiguity gets increased with the number of tablets. And also sometimes they may forget to take the tablet at prescribed time. It is also important to continuously monitor their health in terms of temperature, blood pressure and heart beat. So in such situations IOT plays an important role with this system.

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Fig 1- Block diagram of Overdose Detection and Monitoring System

B. Objectives

The main aim of proposed work is to design and develop a smart health monitoring system with following objectives

1. To develop a system that monitors the vital health parameters like blood pressure, temperature and heart rate.
2. Awaking the patient on exact time to take the prescribed tablet.
3. Alerting the patient on selecting the wrong tablet.
4. Notifying the care takers through SMS about each tablet intake by patient.
5. Alerting the concerned doctor when abnormal values occurred. Placing a call to the doctor after a couple of minutes.
6. Storing the monitored data on Thingspeak server. This eases the task of health monitoring and required information is conveyed to the doctor and the caretaker.

1. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW.

This area gives learning about the structure of the proposed system. The whole framework comprises of two modules one is for the observing of crucial wellbeing parameters and another is tracker of appropriate pill choice. Server and cell phone are getting the information from the controller utilizing Wi-Fi and GSM module individually.

The Fig.1 speaks to wellbeing checking framework. In this the body temperature, pulse and circulatory strain is detected by the sensor and at whatever point the smaller scale controller experiences the strange estimations of any parameter it cautions the specialist by sending SMS and if the specialist didn't react inside he will receive a sms on phone .

For the wireless communication Wi-Fi module is used, for sending the data from micro controller to the thingspeak server where the parameters get monitored continuously. For each parameter there is separate field in thingspeak. Field 1 represents the temperature data field.

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II. SYSTEM METHODOLOGY

The proposed framework describes about respective hardware and software requirements and their working. Hardware design includes all the general components of embedded system as discussed below:

A. Embedded Microcontroller

It is the most important part of this system. It controls all the subsystems connected to it like sensors, Wi-Fi and GSM module, LCD display unit etc. Arduino UNO is 8 bit micro controller. In order to minimize the manual operation and with concern of the processing speed UNO is best suited.

B. Heart Rate Sensor/Pulse Sensor

Pulse sensor measures the heart rate optically, amplifies the signal. In transmittance technique, when light from the source needs to be hit the tissues. In this technique, light source strikes blood tissue and returns back. Heart rate is estimated from the return light signal [9].

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Fig. 3.Finger Photoplethysmography

The basic heartbeat sensors mainly consist of a light emitting diode and a detector which acts as a light detecting resistor or a photodiode. When a tissue is illuminated with the light source, i.e. light emitted by the led, it get reflects. The detector output is in from of electrical signal and is proportional to the heart beat rate.

C. Temperature Sensor

The temperature sensor used for this system is LM35. This is a digital sensor suitable for temperature range - 55C to 150C. It is mounted on the human body and it produces the voltage which is proportional to the Celsius temperature It measures the temperature more accurately than thermistor.

D. Blood Pressure

The BP Unit comprises of microcontroller, pressure transducer, cuff, motor and signal conditioning and ADC circuit for conversions. At the point when the user presses the on/off, microcontroller sends a control flag which turns on the engine. The engine directs air into sleeve. These two voltage levels are changed to their digital equivalents and afterward bolstered to the microcontroller. The microcontroller contrasts these qualities and those put away query table, get the coordinated systolic and diastolic values and shows on LCD. A similar data is additionally influenced accessible on to the thingspeak server. [10]

E. GSM Module

To get alert notification/message about the wrong move of patient on taking the improper pill and for alerting the doctors whenever the abnormalities occurs in patient’s health, GSM module is used. It needs a SIM card and connectivity to the GSM network.

F. ESP8266

The ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module is a SOC with incorporated TCP/IP convention stack that can provide any small scale controller access to Wi-Fi. ESP8266 collects the data from microcontroller and sent it to the thingspeak server using the write key. Client can gain access to the data of vital health parameters on the server of thingspeak. In software design the program is written in C using the Arduino IDE. System will turn ON from RESET whenever the power is applied. The controller executes the program and performs the task as shown in flow charts.

G. Flow Charts

Flow charts are used in analyzing, designing, program in various fields. This section illustrates the flow charts of health monitoring system and tracker of proper pill consumption in fig.4 and fig.5 respectively.

1. Flowchart for working of Overdose Detection and monitoring system

Step 1: Initializes the micro controller and sensor configuration.

Step 2: Compares the values with the internal set values.

Step 3: If any of the parameters are abnormal then sends the message.

2. Flowchart of data transfer to online web stream/Thingspeak Server.

Step 1: Initialize the microcontroller and sensor and configuration port.

Step 2: Sets baud rate and enables the interrupt system.

Step 3: Initialize the real time data .

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Fig 3-Complete Module Setup

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Fig 4 –Flow diagram of Overdose Detection and monitoring system

Step 4: Check the time setup done by the user and if error free then start alarming to awake the patient for reminding to take tablet.

Step 5: If patient touches the wrong sensor, a voice alert with a notification message will be sent.

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Fig 5- Working of the system using arduino ,sensors and live monitoring

A CKNOWLEDGEMENT

The authors thank the principal, Asst. Professor Shilpa Biradar, all technical staff of electronics and communication department of Guru Nanak Dev College of Engineering, Bidar, Karnataka, India for their support in completing this work.

CONCLUSION

Many old age people suffer from overdose problem due to weak body and mental conditions and can’t take care of themselves, so this system helps in detecting overdose and taking precaution to save their lives from danger.

Sources of my Figures

“ Author’s own work ”.All the images in this document are originally researched and created by author (Ajay Dhage) itself. No one is involved in this process, none of the image is copied, all are taken by author itself

REFERENCES

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