This article provides a synthesis of criminology and victimization theories and offers an explanation on the causes, control and prevention in crime particularly on criminals and victims behavior and their interaction within the society. In addition to explaining why it is important to understand the causes, control and prevention on crime, the author described the relevant criminology and victimization theories and explained the implications of criminology and victimization theories on developing and implementing crime control and prevention strategy. The final segment of the paper provides an illustration with explanation on how effective crime control and prevention can be explained through criminology and victimization theories and how these efforts serve as a strategy to control, prevent and reducing crime.
As crime happened in our everyday life, as such it is important for us to know why do individuals commit crimes. There are indeed many crime control and prevention that have been implemented, but they are seldom developed from sound theories. Swanson (2001) emphasized that theory is required to be both scholarly in itself and validated in practice, and can be the basis of significant advances.
Given the large investment in the effort on crime control and prevention within a society, it is rational to identify, analyze and critique the criminology and victimization theories underlying the causes of crime in a society. High crime rates can force societies to re-examine crime control and prevention strategy as part of their efforts to maintain and to increase public safety and peace but rarely develop these practices from existing theories. The author therefore described the important of understanding causes of crime as well as crime control and prevention strategy and explained how crime control and prevention strategy can be more effective by identifying, analyzing, and critiquing criminology and victimization theories and showing the relationship between causes of crime and crime control and prevention. According to Global Peace Index (2019 report), there is a strong correlation between perceptions of peacefulness and actual peacefulness. Both men and women in more peaceful countries are more likely to report that they feel safe walking alone at night than people in less peaceful countries. Even when crime rate is low, societies are particularly concerned about maintaining the effectiveness of the crime control and prevention strategies.
Table of Contents
- ABSTRACT
- INTRODUCTION
- LITERATURE REVIEW
- A SYNTHESIS OF CRIMINOLOGY AND VICTIMIZATION THEORIES
- A) BIOLOGICAL THEORIES
- B) SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES
- C) PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES OF DEVIANCE
- D) ECONOMIC MODEL OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR
- E) THE VICTIMIZATION THEORIES
- APPROACHES ON CRIME CONTROL AND PREVENTION
- THE CRITICAL FACTORS AMONG THE RESPECTIVE CRIMINOLOGY AND VICTMIZATION THEORIES AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING CRIME CONTROL AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES
- AN ILLUSTRATION ON HOW CRIME CONTROL AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES CAN BE EXPLAINED THROUGH THE CRIMINOLOGY AND VICTIMIZATION THEORIES
- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
- REFERENCES
Objectives and Key Themes
This article examines the various criminology and victimization theories, analyzing the causes, control, and prevention of crime, particularly focusing on criminal and victim behavior and their interactions within society. The author aims to elucidate the importance of understanding these theories and how they can inform the development and implementation of effective crime control and prevention strategies.
- Criminology and victimization theories and their relationship to crime causation.
- The role of various theories in understanding criminal and victim behavior.
- The implications of these theories for developing and implementing effective crime control and prevention strategies.
- The importance of considering both criminal and victim perspectives in crime control and prevention efforts.
- The relationship between crime prevention strategies and peacefulness within societies.
Chapter Summaries
- ABSTRACT: This chapter provides an overview of the article's content, highlighting the synthesis of criminology and victimization theories, the explanation of criminal and victim behavior, and the implications for crime control and prevention strategies.
- INTRODUCTION: This chapter introduces the topic of crime as a complex social phenomenon and explores the need for understanding its causes, prevention, and reduction. It emphasizes the importance of considering both offender and victim perspectives and introduces the concept of crime science as a potential new approach to crime control.
- LITERATURE REVIEW: This chapter discusses the importance of controlling and preventing crime, highlighting the social and economic costs associated with criminal activity. It examines various perspectives on crime prevention and explores the role of early interventions in reducing crime rates.
- A SYNTHESIS OF CRIMINOLOGY AND VICTIMIZATION THEORIES: This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of various criminology and victimization theories. It delves into biological theories, exploring different perspectives on physical traits, heredity, and brain structure and function. It also covers sociological, psychological, economic, and victimization theories, providing a holistic understanding of the factors contributing to crime.
- APPROACHES ON CRIME CONTROL AND PREVENTION: This chapter examines different approaches to crime control and prevention, including Justice Reinvestment, environmental, and Big Data analysis. It explores the potential benefits and limitations of each approach and discusses their effectiveness in addressing specific crime issues.
- THE CRITICAL FACTORS AMONG THE RESPECTIVE CRIMINOLOGY AND VICTIMIZATION THEORIES AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING CRIME CONTROL AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES: This chapter focuses on the critical factors identified within the various criminology and victimization theories and their implications for developing and implementing crime control and prevention strategies. It examines how these theories can inform the design and implementation of effective interventions.
- AN ILLUSTRATION ON HOW CRIME CONTROL AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES CAN BE EXPLAINED THROUGH THE CRIMINOLOGY AND VICTIMIZATION THEORIES: This chapter provides practical illustrations of how criminology and victimization theories can be applied to explain and develop effective crime control and prevention strategies. It demonstrates how understanding the underlying causes of crime can lead to more targeted and effective interventions.
Keywords
The main keywords and focus topics of this work include criminology, victimization, crime control, prevention strategies, biological theories, sociological theories, psychological theories, economic models, victimization theories, Justice Reinvestment, environmental approach, Big Data analysis, and peacefulness.
- Quote paper
- Dr. Wee Leong (Author), 2019, A Review of Criminology and Victimization Theories and their Implications for Crime Control and Prevention within Societies, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/506910
