The focus of this essay is to establish the impact that globalization has had in vocational educational reforms in Canada, during three decades; 1970 to 2003. We will review background information in relation to the diverse educational system, its policies and how it is executed in Canada in general as well as further background history into the global economy within the vast geographical and globally integrated nation. The decline of the Keynesian welfare state and the rise of neo-liberal beginnings of the global economy in Canada will be examined with the intention of understanding why it had occurred. We will address the fact that both the UK and the US have had some influence on the global direction and vocational education policies in Canada. Through linking the strategic relationships within the different time periods of the global economy we can examine the effects on vocational educational reforms and their outcomes within that period of time.
The educational policies in Canada are diverse in comparison with other OECD countries. Canada appropriates the decision-making responsibilities on a provincial level and not a federal level, it does not have a specific federal office of education. On the provincial level each province structures their own policies towards education, promoting primarily the development of skills necessary in their community and includes a degree of financial support through the federal, provincial and municipal levels. Section 91 of the Constitution Act, 1867 the federal government had gained jurisdiction over national defence, Indian affairs, the territories, prisons, external affairs and the economy. In general Canada upholds a high-quality educational system however it still requires improvement. Canada lacked child care policies, which resulted in difficulties for single parent families obtaining any employment, as well as targeting fair and just educational policies for the Aboriginal natives. The government has always tried to convince the public that extra money for educational reforms was not available, nor was it necessary. However, through history we have seen that large amounts of money have always been applied to new educational policies.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Abstract.
- Background to the Educational System and Policies.
- Background History of the Global Economy in Canada
- 1968 to 1983: The Culmination of the Welfare State and the Impact on Education Reforms
- 1984 to 1993: The influence of Thatcher and Reagan on the Mulroney Government in Canada and the global educational reforms ......
- 1993 to 2003: Jean Chretien's impact on the Global Economy and Educational Reforms
- The Decline of the Keynesian Welfare state and The Rise of Neoliberalism and Global Capitalism......
- The Decline of the Keynesian Welfare State and the Rise of the Neoliberal Global Nation with the Views on Vocational Education.
- Summary.
- References
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This essay explores the impact of globalization on vocational education reforms in Canada during the three decades from 1970 to 2003. It examines the background of the diverse Canadian educational system, its policies, and their implementation. The essay analyzes the decline of the Keynesian welfare state and the rise of neoliberalism in the Canadian context, tracing the influence of global economic forces on education policy. The essay aims to understand the reasons behind the decline of the welfare state and the rise of the neoliberal global economy in Canada, while exploring the influence of the UK and US on Canadian vocational education policies. It examines the effects of these global economic shifts on vocational educational reforms and their outcomes within those periods.
- The impact of globalization on vocational education reforms in Canada.
- The decline of the Keynesian welfare state and the rise of neoliberalism in Canada.
- The influence of global economic forces on Canadian education policy.
- The role of the UK and US in shaping Canadian vocational education policies.
- The effects of globalization on vocational education outcomes in Canada.
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
- Abstract: This chapter provides an overview of the essay's focus, which is to analyze the impact of globalization on vocational education reforms in Canada during the period of 1970 to 2003. It outlines the key areas of investigation, including the diverse educational system, global economic forces, and the decline of the Keynesian welfare state. The chapter emphasizes the essay's aim to understand how these factors have influenced vocational educational reforms and their outcomes.
- Background to the Educational System and Policies: This chapter delves into the characteristics of the Canadian educational system, highlighting its decentralized structure and provincial control over educational policies. The chapter explains that the federal government holds limited jurisdiction over education, with responsibilities primarily focused on national defense, Indian affairs, and other specific areas. It notes that Canada boasts a high-quality educational system, but acknowledges areas requiring improvement, such as child care policies and educational equity for Aboriginal natives. The chapter also addresses the historical tendency for the government to prioritize spending in areas other than education, despite claims of financial constraints. It examines recent changes in provincial control, including cuts in funding and increasing centralization of educational structures, acknowledging variations between provinces.
- Background History of the Global Economy in Canada: This chapter provides a historical overview of globalization in Canada, tracing its origins to the early interactions between indigenous peoples and European settlers. It highlights Canada's status as a globally integrated nation, characterized by a diverse population and active engagement in international organizations. The chapter examines the evolving perspectives on globalization in Canada, starting from the earlier idealistic notions of a borderless world to the recognition of real economic and political boundaries. It highlights the role of technology in connecting Canada's vast geographical space and revolutionizing the speed of economic progress. The chapter further discusses the debate between interdependence and competitiveness as primary guides for educational objectives and reforms in the global economy.
- 1968 to 1983: The Culmination of the Welfare State and the Impact on Education Reforms: This chapter focuses on the period under Trudeau's leadership, highlighting the implementation of liberal reforms, including abortion, divorce, gay rights, and multiculturalism. It discusses the challenges faced in controlling inflation despite tax cuts and Canada's rise as a major economic power within the G-7. The chapter examines the transition from a welfare state with provisions for unemployment, pensions, and social services to a period marked by economic recession, inflation, and unemployment. It introduces the Hall-Dennis Report of 1968, which laid the groundwork for vocational objectives and goals, along with the emergence of neoliberal and global rational in Canada. The chapter analyzes the shift from a "child-centered" learning approach to a focus on "back to basics" and employability.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
The essay focuses on the interplay between globalization, vocational education reforms, and the decline of the Keynesian welfare state in Canada. Key terms include: globalization, vocational education, educational reforms, neoliberalism, Keynesian welfare state, global economy, Canadian education system, provincial control, interdependence, competitiveness, and the Hall-Dennis Report.
- Quote paper
- Donya Ernst (Author), 2015, Impact of Globalization in Vocational Educational Reforms in Ontario, Canada, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/514604
