Piped Dreams Drinking Water for the Urban Poor: The Management of a Common-Pool Resource in Yogyakarta

Master's Thesis , 2006 , 104 Pages , Grade: 2,0

Ethnology / Cultural Anthropology

With this thesis I will end my six years of study on the field of Cultural Anthropology. I started off at the University of Cologne, taking classes in Anthropology, Political Science and Indonesian Philology. I met a lot of inspiring and motivated people there and some have become my closest friends, who never grow tired of comforting me when times are rough. The Master program in Leiden gave me the opportunity to work with teaching staff, which is very enthusiastic about Indonesia, which fuelled my interest and created a work atmosphere that was very fruitful. The fieldwork trip to Indonesia was the “rite de passage” for me in becoming a real anthropologist, going through hard and exhausting times while writing the proposal as well as in the field, but meeting some of the greatest people who cared for me and welcomed me in their homes after knowing me just for a very short time. My thank goes to the staff of some local NGOs, who provided me with information and did not grow tired of my questions: Yayasan Griya Mandiri, WalHi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Media Alamku, Pondok Rakyat, Dian Desa, and Lestari. I want to thank my supervisors, Gerard Persoon and Bart Barendrecht for their critique and fruitful input on my thesis and their patience with me. I also want to thank Sylvia Tidey, Sanne Simmers, Ali Al Hadaui, Annemarie Samuels, Esther van Stam, Yanti de Boeren and Anita Kuscerova, who were my companions on the fieldwork trip and I could not have wished for better company during the preparation period and the three month in Yogyakarta. The topic of my research has become a heart topic, because I am utterly convinced that this world can be an even better place if we manage to care more for each other, do not waste our resources and create an atmosphere of more equality so that every human being has everything one needs to be healthy, nourished, comfortable and safe. Now and in the future. [...]

Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)

• Acknowledgement
• Abbreviations / Acronyms and Indonesian Expressions
• Table of Contents
• List of Illustrations
• List of Appendixes
• Prologue
• Chapter 1: Introduction to the Research Question
• Chapter 2: Theory on Resources and Common-Pool Resource Management
  • 2.1. Forms of Resource Management
  • 2.2. Rational Choice and Irrational Outcomes
  • 2.3. Rules for Common-Pool Resources
  • 2.4. Civil Society and Non Governmental Organisations
  • 2.5. The Principles of Gotong Royong and Tanggung Renteng
• Chapter 3: The Flow of Water: Providing Drinkable Water to the Poor
  • 3.1. Drinking Water on a Global Scale
  • 3.2. Drinking Water in Indonesia
    • 3.2.1. The Privatization of Service Utilities in Indonesia
    • 3.2.2. The Bottled Water Industry in Indonesia
  • 3.3. Drinking water on a Local Level: Yogyakarta
    • 3.3.1. Hygiene and Housing in a Javanese Kampung
    • 3.3.2. The Municipal Utility of Yogyakarta
    • 3.3.3. The Private Water Industry in Yogyakarta
    • 3.3.4. The Private Home Industry
• Chapter 4: Methods of the Field Research
  • 4.1. The Situation of a Field Experience
  • 4.2. The Search and Choice of Information
  • 4.3. The Methods and Techniques
  • 4.4. An Example: Water Test and Focus Group Discussion
• Chapter 5: The Actual Case Study
  • 5.1. The Kampung: Jogoyudan
    • 5.1.1. The Population of the Kampung
    • 5.1.2. The River Code
    • 5.1.3. The Predominance of Dug Wells
    • 5.1.4. The Water Tower "Tirta Mandiri"
    • 5.1.5. The Problem of Sewage
  • 5.2. The Local Non Governmental Organisations
  • 5.3. The Water Supply Company: PDAM “Tirta Marta”
• Chapter 6: The Example of Good Resource Management: Kampung Jetisharjo
  • 6.1. The Kampung's History of Water Management
  • 6.2. The Organisation and Institutions
• Chapter 7: Back to Theory and Resource Management
  • 7.1. Setting the Rules for Common-Pool Resource Management
  • 7.2. The Comparison of the Kampungs
• Chapter 8: Discussion and Analysis
  • 8.1. Conclusions
  • 8.2. Recommendations
• Epilogue
• List of References
• Appendix

Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)

This thesis investigates the management of drinking water as a common-pool resource in the urban poor community of Jogoyudan in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study aims to analyze the challenges and opportunities for sustainable water access for the community. The research explores the effectiveness of different resource management strategies, including traditional practices and the role of local NGOs. Here are the key themes explored in the text:

• Common-pool resource management in urban settings
• The role of traditional practices and local institutions
• The challenges of providing drinking water to the urban poor
• The impact of privatization and the bottled water industry
• The importance of community participation and collaboration

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)

• Chapter 1: Introduction to the Research Question This chapter introduces the research question and provides background information on the importance of drinking water as a common-pool resource in urban areas, particularly in the context of the urban poor. It highlights the challenges of accessing safe and sustainable water sources in developing countries.
• Chapter 2: Theory on Resources and Common-Pool Resource Management This chapter delves into theoretical frameworks for understanding resource management, focusing on the concept of common-pool resources. It explores different forms of resource management, rational choice theory, and the importance of rules and institutions for effective resource governance. The chapter also discusses the role of civil society and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in resource management, highlighting the Javanese principles of gotong royong and tanggung renteng.
• Chapter 3: The Flow of Water: Providing Drinkable Water to the Poor This chapter examines the global context of drinking water access, focusing on the challenges faced in Indonesia. It explores the privatization of service utilities, the rise of the bottled water industry, and the specific situation in Yogyakarta. The chapter analyzes hygiene and housing conditions in Javanese kampungs, the role of the municipal water supply enterprise (PDAM), and the private water industry.
• Chapter 4: Methods of the Field Research This chapter discusses the methodology used in the field research, including the challenges and opportunities of conducting fieldwork in a specific cultural context. It outlines the research methods and techniques employed, such as participant observation, interviews, and focus group discussions.
• Chapter 5: The Actual Case Study This chapter presents a detailed case study of the Jogoyudan kampung in Yogyakarta. It explores the population demographics, the traditional river code, the reliance on dug wells, the water tower "Tirta Mandiri," and the challenges of sewage management. The chapter also analyzes the role of local NGOs and the water supply company PDAM "Tirta Marta" in providing access to drinking water.
• Chapter 6: The Example of Good Resource Management: Kampung Jetisharjo This chapter contrasts the situation in Jogoyudan with another kampung, Jetisharjo, which has a history of effective water management. It examines the organization and institutions that have contributed to the success of water access in Jetisharjo, highlighting the importance of community participation and collaboration.
• Chapter 7: Back to Theory and Resource Management This chapter revisits the theoretical frameworks discussed earlier in light of the case studies presented. It analyzes the effectiveness of different approaches to common-pool resource management and explores the importance of setting appropriate rules and regulations.

Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)

This thesis explores the critical topic of drinking water access for the urban poor in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, examining the management of a common-pool resource in an urban setting. The focus is on local communities, their traditional practices, and the role of NGOs in addressing water scarcity and ensuring sustainable water access. Key concepts include common-pool resource management, urban poverty, water security, community participation, traditional institutions, and the impact of privatization and the bottled water industry.

• College: Leiden University (Faculty of Social Science)
• Grade: 2,0
• Author: Laura Engel (Author)
• Publication Year: 2006
• Pages: 104
• Catalog Number: V65338
• ISBN (eBook): 9783638579346
• ISBN (Book): 9783656803409
• Language: English
• Tags: Piped, Dreams, Drinking, Water, Urban, Poor, Management, Common-Pool, Resource, Yogyakarta