This paper argues that Wendt’s approach, by taking states’ domestic identities as given, is not able to explain changes in structure adequately. Particularly, Wendt’s assumption does not provide sufficient insights into processes of identity (trans-) formation. Wendt’s approach is lacking a theory of action. He is e.g. not able to explain the reasons and processes that trigger the change of role-definitions (identities) at the state level.
In order to develop the above mentioned thesis, Wendt’s concept of change will be shortly outlined by exactly identifying when change in identity, and thus change in structure is possible. In the main part, it will be shown why exogenously given ‘corporate identity’ constitutes the wrong ontological approach to explain identity formation sufficiently. Finally, in the last part of the paper, a summary will cover the findings of the analysis.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Alexander Wendt’s Conception of Change
3. ‘Corporate Identity’ in Wendt’s Approach
4. Conclusions
Research Objectives and Key Themes
This paper critically examines Alexander Wendt’s constructivist approach within International Relations theory, specifically focusing on his conceptualization of state identity and change. The research aims to demonstrate that Wendt’s reliance on exogenously given "corporate identity" limits his ability to fully explain the internal processes of identity formation and the interplay between domestic and international levels.
- Critique of structural realism and the "static" nature of international systems.
- Analysis of Wendt's "altercasting" as a mechanism for identity transformation.
- Evaluation of the "corporate identity" concept in the domestic vs. international context.
- Investigation into the lack of a comprehensive theory of action within Wendt’s framework.
- Discussion on the necessity of including social construction of the state to understand identity change.
Excerpts from the Book
2. Alexander Wendt’s Conception of Change
Generally, Wendt expressed his ambition to build a bridge between material rationalism and structural reflectivism. He wants to present arguments against the neorealist school of thought concercning the possibility of change in the international system. In this aspect, his approach fundamentally differs neorealism.
Wendt points to possible transformations in states’ identities by introducing the notion of “altercasting”. This concept refers to conscious efforts to change identity on the part of the states. By introducing a new practise, the action of state A will have an impact on state B at which the new practise is aimed. Thus, if state B decides to alter its practise accordingly, this will not only have consequences for its behaviour, but also for its identity.
By getting engaged in new patterns of interactions, new identities can emerge. ‘Altercasting’ can therefore be understood as the attempt to induce state B to take on a new identity by “treating it as if it already had that identity.” Due to the new practise and newly created intersubjective meanings, the identity of state A will also undergo modifications. In Wendt’s way of thinking, agents and structures are seen “mutually co-determined”.
Summary of Chapters
1. Introduction: This chapter contextualizes the debate on structural change in international relations, contrasting traditional realism with Wendt's constructivist perspective on identity and social interaction.
2. Alexander Wendt’s Conception of Change: This chapter explores Wendt’s attempt to bridge rationalism and reflectivism, focusing on his introduction of "altercasting" as a means for states to influence and transform the identities of others.
3. ‘Corporate Identity’ in Wendt’s Approach: This chapter critically analyzes Wendt's use of "corporate identity," arguing that treating it as exogenously given ignores internal state processes and limits his ability to explain structural change.
4. Conclusions: The final chapter summarizes the central critique, concluding that while Wendt challenges material rationalism, his framework remains insufficient due to its neglect of domestic identity formation processes.
Keywords
Constructivism, Alexander Wendt, International Relations, Identity, Change, Altercasting, Corporate Identity, Structural Realism, Social Interaction, Intersubjective Meaning, State Agency, Domestic Politics, Identity Formation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this paper?
The paper provides a critical assessment of Alexander Wendt’s constructivist framework, specifically addressing its shortcomings in explaining the processes of state identity formation and structural change.
What are the central themes discussed?
The main themes include the rigidity of structural realism, the mechanism of "altercasting," the distinction between social and corporate identity, and the interaction between domestic and international levels.
What is the main research objective?
The goal is to show that Wendt’s assumption of exogenously given corporate identity prevents him from providing a robust theory of action, ultimately hindering a full understanding of how state identities evolve.
What methodology is used?
The work employs a theoretical analysis and critical literature review of Wendt’s seminal texts, juxtaposed with critiques from scholars like Zehfuss and Ringmar.
What is covered in the main section of the paper?
The main section dissects Wendt's concept of change, the role of corporate identity in the domestic sphere, and the limitations of his "mutually co-determined" agent-structure model.
Which keywords characterize the work?
Key terms include constructivism, corporate identity, altercasting, structural realism, and state agency.
How does the author define "altercasting" within Wendt’s theory?
Altercasting is defined as a conscious effort by one state to induce another state to adopt a new identity by treating that state as if it already possessed the desired characteristics.
Why does the author argue that Wendt’s approach is "mechanistic"?
The author argues that Wendt's framework remains mechanistic because it struggles to account for how new identities emerge from internal processes, effectively treating the domestic sphere as an exogenous variable.
- Quote paper
- Michael Hofmann (Author), 2005, Concerning Alexander Wendt's constructivism, identity and change, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/75613
