The study examined Socio-economic factors influencing adaptation strategies of flooding in Benue State, Nigeria. The study used purposes, multi-stage random, and convenient sampling techniques to select 315 farmers whose farms have been affected by flooding. Data for the study were collected from both primary and secondary sources using structured questionnaires, interviews, journals, data from NIMET and publications from other relevant agencies like BNARDA. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, Maximum Likelihood Estimate (MLE).
Economic losses caused by floods are rising in Africa. Both researchers predicted that if nothing is done by way of mitigation, crop yields would drop by 50% in 2017. This scenario is already manifesting in Asia and other tropical countries where the rural farming households depend on agriculture for their livelihood. The floods have adversely affected billions of people mostly through loss of farms and farmlands, rendering people homeless. In Nigeria, It is very common-place event to lose a large chunk of produce to flooding based on lack of adaptive strategies hinged on socio-economic factors of farmers. Farmers often lack the meteorological knowledge of what it takes to synchronize the adaptive strategies to the climatic events of flooding. It is estimated that tons of useful Agricultural produce are washed away during excessive rainfall (flooding) and pushes to great economic losses by the nation at large and farmers in particular.
In Benue State, it is becoming increasingly difficult for farmers to engage in crop production activities during flooding without adequate adaptation strategies. These strategies are linked to Socio-economic factors and these Socio-economic factors create a lot of challenge if they are not properly understood because they present problems that will make farmers adopt the adaptive strategies slowly. The effect of these on Nigeria and theme state is lack of food sufficiency. It is very important to note that Benue State regarded as the food basket of the nation will have a major setback in fulfilling this note. The role stands out when farmers are able to churn out a harvest commensurate to the expectation of teeming population of the state and nation.
Table of Contents
1. ABSTRACT
2. INTRODUCTION
2.1 Statement of the Problem
2.2 Objective of the Study
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1 The Study Area
3.2 Sampling Technique and Sample Size:
3.3 Method of Data Collection
3.4 Method of Data Analysis
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 Socio-Economic Characteristics of the Respondents (Farmers).
4.2 Socio-Economic Characteristics of the Farmers
5. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of the Findings
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
6. References
Research Objectives and Core Topics
This study aims to identify and analyze the specific socio-economic factors that influence the adoption of flood adaptation strategies among farmers in Benue State, Nigeria, in order to mitigate agricultural losses and improve food security.
- Analysis of socio-economic characteristics (age, sex, education, income) of affected farmers.
- Evaluation of agricultural practices and household reliance on crop production.
- Assessment of current flood impacts on crop yields and food supply in Benue State.
- Application of the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method to model adaptation strategy adoption.
Excerpt from the Book
Introduction
Economic losses caused by floods are rising in Africa( Hoeppe and Gurenko,2013). Both researchers predicted that if nothing is done by way of mitigation, crop yields would drop by 50% in 2017. This scenario is already manifesting in Asia and other tropical countries where the rural farming households depend on agriculture for their livelihood. The floods have adversely affected billions of people mostly through loss of farms and farmlands, rendering people homeless.
Floods constitute major of menace to different continents of the world at different times ranging from flash floods to pluvial floods. The notorious attitudes and events they constitute if not well managed, can lead to excessive damage. More so, these challenges are often prominent in Asia and Africa due to lack of adequate planning of roads, farmlands and other areas of critical usage which may be needed for urban and rural regions. The socio-economic factors influencing adaptation strategies of flooding play significant roles in the application of major ways of farmers plant and harvest a large chunk of harvests.
Summary of Chapters
ABSTRACT: The abstract provides a high-level overview of the study's scope, methodology (purposive/multi-stage sampling of 315 farmers), and key analytical findings regarding the significance of socio-economic variables.
INTRODUCTION: This chapter highlights the rising economic threats posed by flooding in Africa and specifically Benue State, framing the research necessity around the farmers' need for effective adaptation strategies.
METHODOLOGY: This section details the geographical study area, the multi-stage sampling techniques used to select 315 respondents, and the analytical frameworks of descriptive statistics and Maximum Likelihood Estimation.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: This chapter presents the empirical data regarding the demographics of the farmers and the statistical outcomes of the Ordinal Logit Model concerning adaptation strategy determinants.
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The final chapter synthesizes the study's findings, draws conclusions on the importance of socio-economic factors in agricultural resilience, and suggests policy interventions.
Keywords
Flooding, Adaptation Strategies, Socio-economic Factors, Benue State, Nigeria, Crop Production, Farmers, Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Climate Change, Household Income, Agricultural Resilience, Rural Economy, Food Security, Meteorological Data, Sustainable Farming
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research?
The research examines the impact of flooding on agricultural output in Benue State, Nigeria, and identifies the socio-economic factors that influence how farmers choose and implement adaptation strategies to survive these climatic events.
What are the primary thematic fields covered?
The work covers rural agriculture, climate change adaptation, socio-economic demography, and the economic modeling of farm-level decision-making processes.
What is the primary goal of the study?
The study aims to determine the specific socio-economic variables (such as education and income) that drive the adoption of adaptation strategies, helping to explain why some farmers are more resilient than others.
Which scientific method is utilized?
The study employs a mix of descriptive statistics and the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method, specifically an Ordinal Logit Model, to analyze the survey data collected from 315 farmers.
What is discussed in the main part of the work?
The main part analyzes the survey findings, including demographic data, the influence of access to credit, education levels, and household weekly spending on the adoption of flood mitigation strategies.
Which keywords characterize this paper?
Key terms include Flooding, Adaptation Strategies, Socio-economic Factors, Benue State, Nigeria, and Agricultural Resilience.
Why is Benue State significant to this study?
Benue State is known as the "food basket of the nation," and its critical role in food production makes it an essential case study for understanding how flooding threatens national food security.
What does the statistical analysis reveal about education?
The study reveals that educational status has a significant negative coefficient, indicating that variations in education level significantly impact the probability of a farmer falling into a higher socio-economic status regarding adaptation.
What recommendation does the author give regarding meteorological services?
The author recommends the establishment of meteorological station units in rural farming areas to make climate information more accessible to farmers, as lack of data currently limits their adaptive capacity.
- Arbeit zitieren
- Benjamin Adeagbo (Autor:in), 2020, Adaption to floodings with new strategies. Benue State in Nigeria as an example, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/933859
