This EIA defines the area where the project site is located and environmental and socio-economic baseline data is provided for this area. It provides an assessment of likely environmental impacts that may be the result of project activities as well as mitigation measures to be taken to minimize these impacts. These mitigation measures and the monitoring program, prepared for the assessment of the environmental performance of the project, are presented in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
The Government of Bangladesh (GoB) has undertaken the "Third Urban Governance and Infrastructure Improvement (Sector) Project" (UGIIP-III) with financial assistance from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and OFID to improve governance and urban service provision in 31 municipalities. Among 31 municipalities, the Moulvibazar is one of them, which has been proposed for construction of a sanitary landfill to improve SWMS including improving of other urban facilities under the project.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Problem Statement
1.3 Objective of the Report
1.3.1 Broader Objectives
1.3.2 Specific Objectives
1.4 Rationale of Study
1.5 Limitations of the Study
1.6 Importance of the Project
1.7 Scope of EIA Study
1.8 Requirement of EIA
1.9 Chapter Summary
CHAPTER 2 THE LITERATURE
2.1 Literature Review
2.1.1 Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System for Landfill Site Selection
2.1.2 Ground Water Assessment Study
2.1.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Studies for Site Selection
2.1.4 Waste Processing and Solid Waste Management
2.1.5 Optimization Techniques in Solid Waste Management
2.2 Reviews of Institutional and Legislative Framework
2.2.1 The Environmental Conservation Act 1995 (Amended 2010)
2.2.2 Environmental Conservation Rule 1997
2.2.3 GoB National Policy
2.2.4 National Policy for Safe Water Supply and Sanitation 1998
2.2.5 Urban Management Policy Statement 1998 & National Urban Sector Policy 2006
2.2.6 The National Environmental Policy 1992
2.2.7 National Environmental Management Action Plan (NEMAP)
2.2.8 National Solid Waste Management Handling Rules 2010 (Draft)
2.2.9 National 3R (Reduce, Reuse & Recycle) Strategy for Waste Management
2.2.10 National Agriculture Policy 1999
2.2.11 Fertilizer Act 2006 and Fertilizer Management Rules 2007
2.2.12 National CDM strategy 2005
2.2.13 Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)
2.2.14 Private Sector Infrastructure Guideline 2004
2.2.15 Private Sector Housing Development Guideline 2005
2.2.16 Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan 2009
2.2.17 ADB Environmental Safeguard Policies and Guidelines
2.2.18 Asian Development Bank (ADB) Policies
2.3 Research Questions
2.4 Chapter Summary
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Methodology of the Research
3.2 Study Area
3.2.1 Accessibility
3.2.2 Site Setting
3.2.3 Environmental Considerations for Sitting
3.3 Study Design
3.4 Study Type
3.5 Sampling Procedure
3.5.1 Sample Size Determination
3.5.2 Sample Distribution
3.5.3 Sample Approach
3.6 Variables
3.7 Data Management
3.7.1 Data Collection
3.7.2 Data Collection Method
3.7.3 Instrument of Data Collection
3.8 Data Analysis
3.8.1 Social and Economical Related information
3.8.2 The Natural Environment
3.8.3 Waste Management Practices
3.8.4 Willingness to Participate in Waste Minimization
3.8.5 Solid Waste Management Attitude Scale
3.9 Stakeholder Consultation
3.9.1 Introduction
3.9.2 Objectives of Stakeholder Consultation
3.9.3 Approaches of Public Consultation Meeting
3.9.4 Identification of Stakeholders
3.9.5 Primary Stakeholders
3.9.6 Secondary Stakeholders
3.9.7 Approach and Methodology of Consultation
3.9.8 Focus Group Discussions (FDGs)
3.9.9 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs)
3.9 Ethical Issue
3.10 Chapter Summary
CHAPTER 4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
4.1 Brief Description of the Project
4.2 Composting Facility
4.3 Landfill
4.4 Other Infrastructural Facilities
4.4.1 Management of Surface Runoff
4.4.2 Access and Peripheral road
4.4.3 Perimeter Fence
4.4.4 Buffer Area and Protection
4.4.5 Control Building
4.5 Utilities
4.5.1 Water
4.5.2 Power
4.5.3 Manpower
4.6 Project Cost and Construction Schedule
4.7 Chapter Summary
CHAPTER 5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND BASELINE DATA
5.1 Physical Environment
5.1.1 Climate and Metrology
5.1.2 Rainfall and Temperature
5.1.3 Relative Humidity
5.1.4 Wind speed
5.2 Hydrology
5.3 Ground Water
5.6 Biological Environment
5.6.1 Flora & Fauna
5.7 Baseline Data
5.7.1 Ambient Air Quality
5.7.2 Topography
5.7.3 Water Quality
5.7.4 Ambient Noise Quality
5.7.5 Soil Quality
5.8 Chapter Summary
CHAPTER 6 IMPACT AND MITIGATION
6.1 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures
6.2 Impact Evaluation Methodology
6.2.1 Impact Criteria and Ranking
6.2.2 Impact Significance
6.3 Impact Assessment & Mitigation Measures
6.3.1 Visual Impact & Aesthetics
6.3.2 Impact on Air Quality
6.4 Odors
6.5 Impact on Noise Quality
6.6 Impact on Soil Quality
6.7 Impact on Local Drainage
6.8 Impact of Surface Water Quality
6.9 Impact on Ground Water Quality
6.9.1 Construction Phase
6.9.2 Operational Phase
6.10 Impact on Biological Environment
6.10.1 Impact on Flora, Fauna & Wildlife Habitat
6.10.2 Impact on Bird
6.10.3 Habitat Fragmentation & Migratory Paths
6.10.4 Impact on Endangered/Threatened Flora and Fauna
6.10.5 Aquatic Ecology
6.10.6 Impact on Socioeconomic Environment
6.10.6.2 Positive Impacts
6.10.7 Impact on Occupational Health & Safety
6.10.8 Impact on Community Health & safety
6.11 Chapter Summary
CHAPTER 7 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)
7.1 Overview
7.2 Environment Management Plan
7.2.1 Pollution Prevention and Abatement Plan (PPAP)
7.3 Mitigation Measures & Strategies
7.4 Post Closure Operation and Maintenance Plan for the Landfill
7.4.1 Closure Plan
7.5 Landfill Gas Management Plan
7.5.1 Gas Collection and Venting
7.5.2 Internal Drainage Ditches
7.5.3 Treatment of Leachate
7.6 Green Belt Development Plan
7.6.1 Need of the Plan
7.6.2 Guideline for Plantation & Landscaping
7.6.3 Detailed Landscaping Plan
7.6.4 Road Safety & Traffic Management Plan
7.7 Mitigation Measures
7.8 Occupational Health & Safety Management Plan
7.8.1 Scope
7.8.2 Purpose
7.8.3 Mitigation Measures – Construction Phase
7.8.4 Mitigation Measures – Operations
7.9 Community Health & Safety Management Plan
7.9.1 Scope
7.9.2 Purpose
7.9.3 Mitigation Measures – Construction Phase
7.9.4 Mitigation Measures – Operations
7.10 Cost of EMP
7.11 Post Closure Environmental Monitoring Plan
7.11.1 Details of the Plan
7.12 Environmental Monitoring Plant-Cost
7.13 Additional Studies
7.14 Project Benefits
7.15 Summary and Conclusion
7.16 Chapter Summary
CHAPTER 8 FINDING AND DISCUSSION
8.1 Findings
8.2 Discussion
8.3 Chapter Summary
CHAPTER 9 CONCLUTION
9.1 Recommendations
9.2 Concluding Remark
Research Objectives and Themes
The primary objective of this thesis is to perform an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the construction of a sanitary landfill in the Moulvibazar municipality. The research aims to evaluate existing baseline environmental conditions and potential impacts of the project on physical, biological, and socio-economic environments to ensure compliance with environmental safeguards and sustainable development standards.
- Baseline environmental analysis (meteorology, air, soil, water quality).
- Evaluation of potential environmental impacts during construction and operation phases.
- Formulation of an effective Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for impact mitigation.
- Stakeholder consultation and assessment of socio-economic impacts on local communities.
- Integration of waste management practices (e.g., composting and secure landfilling) with modern environmental safety standards.
Excerpt from the Book
4.3 Landfill
Seen as a long-term perspective to resolve the issue of municipal waste disposal from the municipalities of Moulvibazar, the Jagannathpur site was identified as the best solution for the construction of a sanitary landfill. The sanitary landfill of Moulivibazar will be constructed fully in accordance with the environmental law on waste management and the DoE directive and according to the ECA 1995 of Bangladesh. A modern sanitary landfill has to be designed at the Jagannathpur site in accordance with the spatial planning documentation. The site has to be designed to comply with the highest standards relating to the acceptance of household and commercial waste collected from the studied area.The pan and section of the proposed landfill is shown in the Figure 4.2 and 4.3
Following the compost facility, a secured landfill will be developed to receive the inert part of the MSW and the compost rejects. The detail of the SLF is being discussed below.
The Life of the Landfill: The primary factor that determines the design and life of the SLF is the volume of the waste to be land filled. The new landfill site with a treatment facility at Jagannathpur would cover an area of about 1.17 acres. It has been proposed for a period of 10 years (2017-2026). The height of the filled up cells would vary from 5 to 8m.
As per estimates the total capacity of the landfill will be around 90,093 cum. The total volume of waste to be placed in the landfill will be computed for the „active‟ period of the landfill taking into account (a) the current generation of waste per annum and (b) the anticipated increase in rate of waste generation on the basis of past records or population growth rate.
The required landfill capacity works out significantly greater than the waste volume it accommodates. The actual capacity of the landfill will depend upon the volume occupied by the liner system and the cover material (daily, intermediate and final cover) as well as the compacted density of the waste. In addition, the amount of settlement a waste will undergo due to overburden stress and due to bio-degradation will also be taken into account. The proposed landfill design life comprises of an „active‟ period and a "closure and post-closure‟ period.
Summary of Chapters
CHAPTER 1: This chapter provides an overview of the project, including its background, objectives, and the scope of the Environmental Impact Assessment within the framework of urban infrastructure improvement.
CHAPTER 2: This chapter presents a literature review covering landfill site selection techniques, institutional/legislative frameworks in Bangladesh, and relevant international environmental policies.
CHAPTER 3: This chapter details the methodology used for the research, including study area characteristics, data collection instruments, sampling procedures, and stakeholder consultation processes.
CHAPTER 4: This chapter provides a technical description of the proposed project, detailing the landfill construction, composting facilities, and other infrastructure components required for effective waste management.
CHAPTER 5: This chapter offers a comprehensive description of the existing physical, hydrological, and biological environment, establishing the baseline data for the project site.
CHAPTER 6: This chapter identifies and evaluates anticipated environmental impacts using a matrix method and outlines necessary mitigation measures for each project phase.
CHAPTER 7: This chapter presents the comprehensive Environmental Management Plan (EMP), including strategies for pollution prevention, health and safety, and post-closure maintenance.
CHAPTER 8: This chapter synthesizes the key findings of the EIA study and discusses the implications for municipal solid waste management in Moulvibazar.
CHAPTER 9: This chapter provides final recommendations and concluding remarks regarding the implementation and long-term sustainability of the sanitary landfill project.
Keywords
Environmental Impact Assessment, EIA, Sanitary Landfill, Solid Waste Management, SWM, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh, Sustainability, Pollution Prevention, Environmental Management Plan, EMP, Waste Minimization, Composting, Stakeholder Consultation, Urban Infrastructure
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary purpose of this study?
The primary purpose is to assess the potential environmental impacts associated with the construction and operation of a new sanitary landfill in Moulvibazar, ensuring the project aligns with environmental regulations and standards.
What are the core thematic areas of this report?
The core thematic areas include baseline environmental analysis, waste management practices, socio-economic impacts, and the development of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate adverse effects.
What is the main research question or objective?
The main objective is to provide a comprehensive Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) that identifies environmental risks and proposes sustainable management solutions for the construction of a sanitary landfill.
Which scientific methods were employed for this assessment?
The study utilizes primary and secondary data collection, including field investigations, stakeholder consultations, key informant interviews, and environmental monitoring, along with an impact identification matrix to rank significance.
What content is covered in the main body of the work?
The main body covers the project description, environmental baseline data, anticipated impacts (physical, biological, and socio-economic), and mitigation strategies organized within the Environmental Management Plan.
Which keywords best characterize this research?
Key terms include Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Sanitary Landfill, Solid Waste Management (SWM), Environmental Management Plan (EMP), and Sustainability.
How does this project address groundwater contamination?
The project utilizes impermeable liners, bentonite-treated soil, and leachate collection systems to prevent the migration of contaminants into the groundwater and surrounding soil.
What is the role of stakeholder consultation in this EIA?
Stakeholder consultation is integral to the EIA process, providing local insights into baseline conditions, ensuring the project addresses public concerns, and establishing frameworks for managing social impacts and grievance redressal.
- Arbeit zitieren
- A Y M Hasibul Islam (Autor:in), 2017, Environmental Impact Assessment for Construction of Sanitary Landfill at Moulvibazar Municipality, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/942709
