In this study, intensive common carp (Cyprinus carpio) culture was conducted from 2nd October to 28th October in experimental cemented tank of 25 m2 of Fish hatchery complex, AFU to learn to produce common carp through intensive culture.
Intensive culture is a system where fish are culture in a well-managed manner and this system includes small ponds, tanks, and raceways with very high stocking density. In this system, fish is almost completely fed on formulated feed and good management is undertaken for controlling all aspects which require proper growth. Production of common carp is increasing so, intensification of its production from extensive to semi-intensive and intensive aquaculture systems is a new trend.
The stocking density was 250 fish at the rate of 10 fish/m2. Average body weight of 27.9±9.8 g fish were stocked in the tank and feeding was done at 3% of body weight. Feed was made from mustard oil cake (70%) and rice bran (30%), a feeding tray having an area of 50x50 cm2 was used for feeding.
Sampling was performed at a ten days interval and feeding was adjusted accordingly. The average temperature, DO and pH of the culture tank of 5:30 am and 3pm was 28.7±0.9 and 30.2±1.2°C, 7.1±1.3 and 12.4±1.6 mg/L, 7.7 and 7.8 respectively which were within the suitable range for culturing. After harvesting, the total harvested weight of fish was 12.9 kg while total stocking weight was 7.4 kg. Mean harvest weight of fish was 54.4±28.6 g while mean stocking weight was 27.9±9.8 g.
The survival rate of fish was 97.6%. The extrapolated GFY and NFY obtained was 72.6 and 30.8 t/ha/year respectively. The fish were handed over to Aquaculture farm, AFU which they will rear further in tanks and ponds. During culturing water was exchanged daily in the morning for maintaining proper water quality. Thus, the results suggested that common carp intensive farming is feasible in cemented tanks with good survival rate.
Table of Contents
1.1 General introduction
1.2 Objectives
General objective
Specific objectives
1.3 Limitation
2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Intensive culture
2.2 Global status of aquaculture and common carp
2.3 Habitat and biology
2.4 General morphology
2.5 Water quality parameters
2.6 Nutritional requirement of Common carp
2.7 Feed and feeding behavior
2.8 Water quality management
3 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 LEE site
3.2 Tank preparation
3.3 Procurement and stocking of fingerlings
3.4 Tank management
3.4.1 Feeding
3.4.2 Water quality management and parameter
3.5 Fish sampling
3.6 Fish harvesting and marketing
3.7 Analytical methods
3.7.1 Fish growth parameters
3.7.2 Gross margin calculation
3.7.3 Statistical analysis
4 RESULTS
4.1 Water quality parameters
4.2 Water exchange
4.3 Fish growth and production parameters
4.4 Gross margin analysis
5 DISCUSSION
5.1 Water quality
5.2 Growth and production
6 CONCLUSION
Objectives and Research Themes
The primary objective of this report is to evaluate the feasibility and performance of intensive common carp (Cyprinus carpio) culture within a controlled, experimental cemented tank environment. The study aims to analyze how high stocking densities, combined with formulated feed and manual water management, influence fish growth rates, survival, and overall economic viability.
- Analysis of growth performance and production efficiency under intensive farming conditions.
- Monitoring and management of key water quality parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen) in a closed system.
- Evaluation of feed management strategies using locally available resources.
- Economic assessment of the intensive culture system through gross margin calculation.
Excerpt from the Book
1.1 General introduction
Nepal lies between India and China, being landlocked, the country is deprived from oceanic sources. About 5% of the total area of the country is occupied by freshwater aquatic habitat which along with fish species can be viewed as prospects for the development of fisheries sector in the country (Gurung, 2003). Fisheries in Nepal has been in practice for a long time but aquaculture is a relatively new practice, which was started in the 1950's. The Nepal Agriculture Perspective Plan (APP) has categorized fisheries and aquaculture in Nepal as a small but important and promising sub-sector of agriculture (Rai, Clausen, & Smith, 2008; Budhathoki & Sapkota, 2018). For poverty reduction the government of Nepal has identified fisheries as one of the prominent subsector. Aquaculture in Nepal was developed after the introduction of common carp and other Chinese carp during the late 30's which was a very important factor for expansion of aquaculture along with seed availability. Aquaculture development project of the government was another major factor which helps in developing infrastructure facilities of government farms along with human resource development and capacity building in 2038-2050 B.S (Shrestha, 2015). The total fish production in Nepal is 91,832 Mt while 70,832 Mt is produced from aquaculture and 21,000 from capture fisheries (CFPCC, 2019).
Fish farming is the process of rearing fish commercially for food purpose and earning money in a tanks or enclosure such as a fish pond and there are three types of fish farming system which are extensive, intensive and semi-intensive (Fish Farming, 2020). Fish farming is commonly described as being extensive, semi-intensive or intensive which generally depends on the level of inputs that feed and stocking density. Development of intensive fish farming system was developed during the 20th century with high input systems and high stocking density (Development of intensive fish farming, 2010). Pond culture involves breeding and rearing of fish in which the entire process required to produce marketable fish is control by human (Fish Culture, 2020). Intensive culture is a system where fish are culture in a well-managed manner and this system includes small ponds, tanks, and raceways with very high stocking density.
Summary of Chapters
1.1 General introduction: Provides an overview of the fisheries and aquaculture sector in Nepal, emphasizing the growing shift towards intensive farming practices to meet domestic demand.
1.2 Objectives: Outlines the primary goal of learning intensive common carp production and specific research objectives including monitoring water quality, growth, and economic margins.
1.3 Limitation: Discusses constraints such as time limitations, lack of uniform fingerlings, and technical issues with water pump functionality.
2 LITERATURE REVIEW: Examines global and regional aquaculture status, fish biology, water quality standards, and established intensive culture techniques.
3 MATERIALS AND METHODS: Details the experimental design, tank preparation, stocking protocols, feeding management, sampling routines, and analytical calculations.
4 RESULTS: Presents empirical data on daily water quality observations, fish growth metrics, survival rates, and the gross margin analysis for the culture period.
5 DISCUSSION: Interprets the experimental findings in the context of existing literature, discussing the impacts of water management and feed quality on growth performance.
6 CONCLUSION: Summarizes that intensive common carp farming is feasible in cemented tanks and highlights the practical learning outcomes of the study.
Keywords
Intensive culture, Common carp, Cyprinus carpio, Aquaculture, Stocking density, Feed Conversion Rate, Water quality, Dissolved oxygen, Gross margin, Fish farming, Aquaculture development, Nepal, Growth performance, Fish management, Fingerlings.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this study?
The study focuses on the implementation and evaluation of an intensive culture system for common carp in a controlled, experimental cemented tank setting to assess its feasibility in Nepal.
What are the central themes discussed in the report?
Key themes include the technical requirements of intensive aquaculture, the management of water quality, nutritional requirements of fish, growth monitoring, and the economic viability of the farming system.
What is the main objective of the research?
The main objective is to gain practical experience (LEE - Learning for Entrepreneurial Experience) in intensive common carp production, including monitoring water quality and calculating growth parameters and economic returns.
Which scientific methodology was applied?
The study involved a 26-day experimental cycle with 250 common carp fingerlings in a 25 m² cemented tank, utilizing formulated feed, regular water exchanges, and systematic data collection for growth, survival, and water quality.
What topics are covered in the main body?
The main body covers the theoretical background of intensive farming, detailed materials and methods, recorded results regarding growth and water parameters, and a discussion comparing the results to other relevant studies.
Which keywords define the scope of this work?
Core keywords include intensive culture, common carp, stocking density, water quality management, and feed conversion rate.
How did water quality issues affect the study?
Equipment malfunctions, specifically the failure of the DO meter and the electric pump, required manual water exchange and alternative measurement methods, which are noted as constraints in the project.
What was the economic conclusion of the experiment?
The study achieved a positive outcome with a Benefit-Cost (B/C) ratio of 1.35, confirming the financial viability of the intensive farming approach under the applied conditions.
- Citar trabajo
- Biplov Shrestha (Autor), Saurav Lamichhane (Autor), 2020, Intensive culture of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). An experimental analysis, Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1128315
