Imagine a world where the very water beneath our feet, the lifeblood of ecosystems and communities, is imperiled by insidious, unseen threats. This book plunges into that reality, exposing the pervasive issue of groundwater pollution with a particular focus on the menacing presence of heavy metals like cadmium and iron. It's not just a scientific examination; it's an urgent call to understand the intricate dance of pollutants as they mobilize and spread through subterranean aquifers, forming dangerous contaminant plumes that threaten water quality and human health. Delving into the interface chemistry of these pollutants, the book meticulously dissects the factors governing their movement and fate, from complex chemical reactions to the influence of hydrogeological settings. But there is hope, the book champions a sustainable solution: bioremediation through biosorption. It unveils the remarkable potential of plant biomass as a powerful tool for removing heavy metals from contaminated groundwater and industrial wastewater. Through rigorous experimentation and detailed analysis, the book explores the effectiveness of treated plant biomass in capturing and sequestering cadmium and iron, offering a viable pathway to purifying our precious water resources. Readers will discover how factors like pH levels, biomass dosage, and the presence of competing ions impact the efficiency of this eco-friendly remediation technique. Kinetic and isotherm studies provide a deeper understanding of the adsorption process, revealing the mechanisms by which plant biomass binds to these toxic metals. Ultimately, this research contributes vital knowledge for developing practical and sustainable solutions to combat groundwater pollution, offering a beacon of hope for a cleaner, healthier future. Explore the depths of hydrogeochemistry, water quality, and the transformative power of nature-based solutions as we confront one of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time. Uncover the secrets of adsorption isotherms and the intricacies of kinetic studies, all while gaining a comprehensive understanding of how we can leverage plant biomass to safeguard our groundwater from the dangers of heavy metal contamination. Discover the potential for applying these findings to treat acidic industrial effluents, paving the way for a more sustainable and environmentally responsible future. The book is a vital resource for environmental scientists, engineers, and policymakers seeking innovative approaches to water management and pollution control.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- 1.1 What is groundwater and how it is Polluted
- 1.2 Where do ground water Pollutants come from
- 1.2.1 Metal Leaching and Acid Rock Drainage
- 1.3 What human activities can pollute Ground water
- 1.4 Metals and the Ground water contamination
- 1.5 Contaminant Plume
- 1.6 Heavy Metal Toxicity
- 1.7 Attenuation of Pollution
- 1.8 Traditional Metal Removal Methods
- 1.9 Modern Metal Removal Methods
- 1.10 Biosorption: A Solution To Pollution?
- 1.11 Cadmium
- 1.12 Iron
- Chapter 2 Interface Chemistry of Pollutants in Groundwater and Their Mobilization
- Chapter 3 Biosorption of Iron from Groundwater and Industrial Wastewater by a Plant Biomass
- Chapter 4 Removal of Cadmium from Contaminated Ground Water and Industrial Effluents by Treated Adsorbent
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This doctoral thesis investigates the elemental behavior of pollutants in groundwater plumes and their bioremediation. The study focuses on understanding the mobilization and transport of pollutants, particularly heavy metals like iron and cadmium, within groundwater systems. It also explores the potential of biosorption using plant biomass as a sustainable method for removing these contaminants.
- Groundwater pollution by heavy metals and other contaminants.
- The mobilization and transport of pollutants in groundwater plumes.
- The effectiveness of biosorption as a bioremediation technique.
- The application of plant biomass for removing heavy metals from contaminated water.
- Analysis of the chemical interactions between pollutants and groundwater.
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
Chapter 1 Introduction: This chapter provides a foundational understanding of groundwater pollution, focusing on sources of contamination (e.g., industrial activities, agricultural runoff, etc.), the behavior of pollutants within groundwater systems (plume formation), and the toxicity of heavy metals like cadmium and iron. It reviews both traditional and modern methods for metal removal from water, emphasizing the potential of biosorption as a sustainable and effective alternative. The chapter lays the groundwork for the subsequent chapters by establishing the context and significance of groundwater contamination and its remediation.
Chapter 2 Interface Chemistry of Pollutants in Groundwater and Their Mobilization: This chapter delves into the chemical interactions between pollutants and groundwater, examining factors influencing their mobility and transport. It explores the role of iron complexing and oxidation, the adsorption of metals onto iron oxides, and the hydrogeological setting of the study area. Detailed methodology, including sampling procedures, quality control measures, and analytical techniques used to measure various parameters (pH, sulfide, iron, manganese, nitrate) in groundwater samples is described. The chapter presents and discusses the results obtained from analyzing these parameters, exploring their correlations and implications for understanding pollutant behavior in the study area.
Chapter 3 Biosorption of Iron from Groundwater and Industrial Wastewater by a Plant Biomass: This chapter focuses on the experimental investigation of using plant biomass for iron removal from groundwater and industrial wastewater. It describes the preparation of the biomass, experimental setup, and various parameters investigated. The results section explores the effects of different factors (pH, adsorbent dose, initial metal concentration) on iron biosorption. The chapter further investigates kinetic and isotherm models to describe the adsorption process and discusses the mechanism of metal binding. Finally, the chapter assesses the applicability of the biomass for treating industrial effluents.
Chapter 4 Removal of Cadmium from Contaminated Ground Water and Industrial Effluents by Treated Adsorbent: This chapter investigates the effectiveness of treated plant biomass for removing cadmium from contaminated groundwater and industrial effluents. Similar to Chapter 3, it describes the preparation and characterization of the biomass, experimental methodology for cadmium removal, and a detailed analysis of the results, including the influence of pH, biomass dosage, and co-ions on cadmium removal efficiency. Kinetic and isotherm studies are also presented. The chapter concludes by discussing the adsorption mechanism and the potential for practical application in treating acidic industrial effluents. The results in this chapter are compared and contrasted with those obtained for iron removal, highlighting the differences in behavior and the optimization strategies required for each metal.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
Groundwater pollution, heavy metals, cadmium, iron, bioremediation, biosorption, plant biomass, contaminant plume, adsorption isotherms, kinetic studies, water quality, hydrogeochemistry.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
Was ist das Thema dieser Sprachevorschau?
Diese Sprachevorschau fasst eine Dissertation über die Verschmutzung von Grundwasser durch Schwermetalle (insbesondere Eisen und Cadmium) zusammen, die Mechanismen ihrer Mobilisierung und den Einsatz von Biosorption mit Pflanzenbiomasse zur Sanierung.
Welche Kapitel werden in dieser Sprachevorschau behandelt?
Die Sprachevorschau enthält Zusammenfassungen für vier Kapitel:
- Kapitel 1: Einführung in die Grundwasserverschmutzung
- Kapitel 2: Grenzflächenchemie von Schadstoffen im Grundwasser und deren Mobilisierung
- Kapitel 3: Biosorption von Eisen aus Grundwasser und Industrieabwasser durch Pflanzenbiomasse
- Kapitel 4: Entfernung von Cadmium aus kontaminiertem Grundwasser und Industrieabwasser durch behandeltes Adsorptionsmittel
Was sind die Hauptziele der Dissertation?
Die Dissertation untersucht das Verhalten von Schadstoffen im Grundwasser, insbesondere Schwermetalle, und deren Bioremediation. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf dem Verständnis der Mobilisierung und des Transports von Schadstoffen sowie dem Potenzial der Biosorption mit Pflanzenbiomasse zur Entfernung dieser Schadstoffe.
Welche Schlüsselwörter sind mit dieser Arbeit verbunden?
Zu den Schlüsselwörtern gehören: Grundwasserverschmutzung, Schwermetalle, Cadmium, Eisen, Bioremediation, Biosorption, Pflanzenbiomasse, Schadstofffahne, Adsorptionsisothermen, kinetische Studien, Wasserqualität, Hydrogeochemie.
Welche traditionellen und modernen Methoden zur Metallentfernung werden erwähnt?
Kapitel 1 erwähnt sowohl traditionelle als auch moderne Methoden zur Metallentfernung aus Wasser und betont das Potenzial der Biosorption als nachhaltige und effektive Alternative.
Wie werden die chemischen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Schadstoffen und Grundwasser untersucht?
Kapitel 2 befasst sich mit den chemischen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Schadstoffen und Grundwasser und untersucht Faktoren, die deren Mobilität und Transport beeinflussen. Es werden detaillierte Methoden, einschließlich Probenahmeverfahren, Qualitätskontrollmaßnahmen und Analysetechniken beschrieben.
Welche Rolle spielt Pflanzenbiomasse bei der Biosorption?
Die Kapitel 3 und 4 konzentrieren sich auf die experimentelle Untersuchung der Verwendung von Pflanzenbiomasse zur Entfernung von Eisen bzw. Cadmium aus Grundwasser und Industrieabwasser. Sie beschreiben die Präparation der Biomasse, das experimentelle Setup und die untersuchten Parameter.
Welche Faktoren beeinflussen die Effizienz der Biosorption?
Faktoren wie pH-Wert, Adsorptionsmitteldosierung und anfängliche Metallkonzentration beeinflussen die Effizienz der Biosorption von Eisen und Cadmium, wie in den Kapiteln 3 und 4 untersucht.
Werden kinetische und Isothermenmodelle in der Dissertation verwendet?
Ja, die Dissertation verwendet kinetische und Isothermenmodelle, um den Adsorptionsprozess zu beschreiben.
Was ist die Bedeutung der Schadstofffahnen?
Die Schadstofffahnenbildung wird in der Einleitung als ein wichtiger Aspekt der Grundwasserverschmutzung hervorgehoben, wobei die Ausbreitung von Schadstoffen im Untergrund erläutert wird.
- Citation du texte
- Yashu Verma (Auteur), 2008, Elemental behaviour of pollutants in groundwater plume. A study in relation with their bio-remediation, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1152321
