This study looks at how tense and aspect is realized in Ghanaian Pidgin English and compares it to Standard English. This research examines temporal markers in Ghanaian Pidgin English as well.
The theoretical framework that serves as a bedrock for the analysis is the superstate and substrate theory. The methodology comprises recordings of conversation of students of the University of Cape Coast and excerpts from television programmes. The research found out that the bare form of the verb is used to realize pastime, present time and perfective meaning.
While preverbal markers like “go” and “dey” are used to accompany the bare form of the verb to realize present time, future time and progressive meaning. The implication of these findings are that they contribute to studies in World English, studies in pidgins/creoles and studies in temporality across languages. The work shows that GPE has temporal markers that are crucial in organizing messages.
The study is guided by the following questions:
1. What temporal markers exist in Ghanaian Pidgin English?
2. What temporal meanings do they realize?
Firstly, the work deals with the background to the study, research questions, purpose and significance of the study and other relevant introductory issues. Afterwards, it will look at related literature, theoretical framework and other important issues. It will introduce the methodology for the study. Lastly, the research data will be analysed and assessed.
Table of Contents
1. CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.1.1 Background to the study
1.1.2 Statement of problem
1.1.3 Purpose of study
1.1.4 Research Questions
1.1.5 Significance of Study
1.1.6 Organisation of study
2. CHAPTER TWO
2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1.1 Introduction
2.1.2 Sociolinguistic Context of Ghana
2.1.3 History of Pidgin in Ghana
2.1.4 Conceptual Review
2.1.4.1 Concept of Tense
2.1.4.2 Present Tense
2.1.4.3 Past Tense
2.1.4.4 Future Tense
2.1.4.5 Aspect
2.1.4.6 Progressive Aspect
2.1.5 Theoretical Framework
2.1.5.1 Superstrate and Substrate
2.1.6 Empirical review
2.1.7 Chapter summary
3. CHAPTER THREE
3.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1.1 Introduction
3.1.2 Research Design
3.1.3 Data source and sample size
3.1.4 Data analysis procedure
3.1.5 Chapter summary
4. CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.1.1 Introduction
4.1.2 Temporal Markers in GPE
4.1.2.1 The bare form of the verb
4.1.2.2 The preverbal marker “dey”
4.1.2.3 The preverbal marker goes
4.1.3 Chapter summary
5. CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1.1 Introduction
5.1.2 Summary of aim and methods
5.1.3 Key findings
5.1.4 Implications of findings
5.1.5 Recommendation for further studies
5.1.6 Conclusion
Research Objectives and Themes
The primary objective of this research is to analyze the system of temporal markers in Ghanaian Pidgin English (GPE). The study aims to investigate how speakers of GPE realize tense and aspect markers within their language, moving beyond existing descriptions that have focused primarily on history or sociolinguistic usage. By examining natural discourse, the research seeks to provide a functional grammatical analysis of the verbal system, specifically addressing the use of the bare form of the verb and preverbal markers to express past, present, and future temporal meanings.
- Grammatical structure and verbal system of Ghanaian Pidgin English.
- Temporal marking and the function of the "bare verb" form.
- Use of preverbal auxiliary markers such as "dey" and "go".
- Comparison of GPE temporal markers with Standard English and substrate influences.
- Functional perspectives on language contact and pidgin/creole linguistics.
Excerpt from the Book
The bare form of the verb
The bare form of the verb is used in pidgin to mark both present and past time. No affixations are used to mark either present or past time.
For the present time these are the excerpts that show the bare form of the verb being used to mark present tense
1. You know but dos really no be direct political appointment, minister you know demma kind of people. But if you look dis government for the last 4 years. Ibi de president ein political appointees, presidential staffers.
You know that those people are not direct politicial appointment like ministers. But if you look at this government for the last four years. It is the president’s own political appointees, presidential staffers
2. Ibi number of menez wey dem get Aids for Ghana last year dat be 2018. Icheck like de number dey rise
It is the number of people who have Aids in Ghana last year 2018. It seems like the number is rising
Summary of Chapters
CHAPTER ONE: This chapter introduces the research context, outlines the research questions regarding temporal markers in GPE, and explains the significance of studying this linguistic area.
CHAPTER TWO: This chapter reviews the related literature, provides the sociolinguistic context of Ghana, and establishes the superstrate and substrate theory as the analytical framework.
CHAPTER THREE: This chapter details the qualitative research methodology, including the purposive sampling of recorded spoken discourse and the functional approach used for data analysis.
CHAPTER FOUR: This chapter presents the core analysis of data, examining the use of the bare verb form and preverbal markers like "dey" and "go" to realize tense and aspect.
CHAPTER FIVE: This chapter summarizes the key findings, discusses the implications for World Englishes, and provides recommendations for future research on the mood and clause structure of GPE.
Keywords
Ghanaian Pidgin English, GPE, temporal markers, tense, aspect, superstrate, substrate, language contact, verbal system, bare form of the verb, preverbal marker, linguistics, functional grammar, pidgins, creoles.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this research?
The study focuses on analyzing the grammatical system of Ghanaian Pidgin English, specifically how temporal markers function to organize and realize time and aspect.
What are the central themes discussed in the work?
The core themes include the verbal group in GPE, the role of superstrate and substrate languages in the formation of pidgins, and the specific functions of the bare verb form versus preverbal markers.
What is the main research question of the study?
The study aims to identify which temporal markers exist in Ghanaian Pidgin English and what specific temporal meanings these markers realize in communicative contexts.
Which methodology was chosen for this research?
The researcher employed a qualitative, functional approach using a purposive sample of five spoken discourse recordings, including everyday conversations and media broadcasts.
What does the main body of the work cover?
The main body examines the syntactic and functional usage of the "bare form" of the verb, as well as the auxiliaries "dey" and "go" in realizing present, past, and future meanings.
Which keywords best characterize this work?
Key terms include Ghanaian Pidgin English, temporal markers, tense, aspect, language contact, and the superstrate/substrate theory.
How does GPE differ from Standard English regarding tense?
Unlike Standard English, which relies on morphological affixation to mark tense, GPE primarily uses preverbal markers and the context of the situation to convey temporal and aspectual meaning.
What is the function of the marker "dey" in GPE?
"Dey" serves multiple roles: as an auxiliary verb, a preverbal marker, or a main verb, typically used to realize present tense as well as progressive aspects.
How does the author define the "bare form" of the verb?
The bare form is described as the root of the verb without morphological inflections, used contextually by speakers to indicate both present and past time, as well as perfective meanings.
What conclusions does the author draw about GPE grammar?
The author concludes that GPE possesses a functional and systematic grammar that allows its users to effectively communicate complex messages without the affixation systems found in Standard English.
- Citation du texte
- Harry Hayford (Auteur), 2021, Temporal Markers in Ghanaian Pidgin English, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1163910
