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Real Types of Diversification Strategies – An Analysis of different Types of Relatedness in German Companies

Title: Real Types of Diversification Strategies – An Analysis of different Types of Relatedness in German Companies

Diploma Thesis , 2008 , 99 Pages , Grade: 1,7

Autor:in: Kai Hanitsch (Author)

Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance
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Summary Excerpt Details

On corporate level main strategic decisions involve the question which businesses are to be pursued and which to be neglected, i.e. how the portfolio of businesses is designed. The ultimate goal is a value adding business portfolio.

This added value arises from synergies among the businesses and the role of the corporate center. In the case of success this would lead to a conglomerate premium in terms of company value.

Corporate managers are generally very free in deciding what businesses they want to add to their portfolio and which to divest. This raises two questions: one regarding the type of businesses in a portfolio and the other regarding the optimal size of a portfolio. The term diversification deals with both questions: it describes how broad and how diverse a company‟s business portfolio is. On the one hand it can be very narrow or focused in a barely diversified company, on the other it can be very broad in a highly diversified company. Three forms of diversification strategies are commonly distinguished: focused, relational and conglomerate diversification.

Many researchers in the field of strategic management have dealt with the question of diversification and the pros and cons involved. Yet there is no clear hint on superior performance of certaint diversification strategies. Rather success stories for many forms can be told.

Further findings indicate: not the degree of diversification is relevant for success but the relatedness among strategic business units. Portfolios of somehow related SBUs perform better than those completely unrelated. Success is explained by the ability to transfer core competencies (“resources”) among the business units of a company.

Yet relatedness is a manifold concept. Two main types have to be distinguished: relatedness on the level of products and processes and on the level of management requirements. But which type of relatedness is the most promising in terms of superior company performance?

Since earlier research work is insufficient to fully explain the phenomenon of diversification further research is indicated. This especially applies to German conglomerates since most research work focused on US firms mainly.

The thesis at hand constitutes one part of that proceeding research. Its aim is to gain further insights on diversification and relatedness by empirically identifying and exploring real types of relatedness and their respective diversification strategies.

Excerpt


Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Introduction

1.1 Problem Definition

1.2 Goal

1.3 Approach

2 Fundamentals of Corporate Strategy

2.1 Definition

2.2 Portfolio Design

2.3 Diversification

2.3.1 Focused Diversification

2.3.2 Relational Diversification

2.3.3 Conglomerate Diversification

3 Diversification and Success

3.1 Theoretical Approaches to explain Success

3.1.1 Industrial Economics Perspective

3.1.2 Market-based View

3.1.3 Resource-based View

3.2 Success Factors

3.2.1 Business Relatedness

3.2.2 Resource Transferability

3.2.3 Corporate Leadership

4 Systematization and Measurement of Diversification

4.1 Classical Approaches to Measurement

4.1.1 Degree of diversification

4.1.2 Type of diversification

4.2 Measurement Problems

4.3 Measurement according to WULF

5 Analysis of Real Types of Diversification Strategies

5.1 Dataset Characteristics

5.2 Classical Measurements

5.2.1 Berry-Index

5.2.2 Entropy Measure

5.3 Measurement according to WULF

5.3.1 General Types of Relatedness

5.3.2 Real Types of Relatedness according to Factor Analysis

5.4 Real Types of Diversification Strategies

5.4.1 According to Relative Factor Dominance

5.4.2 According to Absolute Factor Dominance

5.5 Real Types of Diversification Strategies and Success

5.5.1 Measures of Success

5.5.2 Success based on Relative Factor Dominance

5.5.3 Success based on Absolute Factor Dominance

5.5.4 Factor Regression Analysis

6 Conclusion

Zielsetzung & Themen

Die vorliegende Arbeit zielt darauf ab, ein tieferes Verständnis für Diversifikationsstrategien und die damit verbundenen Formen der Unternehmensverwandtschaft (Relatedness) zu entwickeln, indem diese in deutschen Konzernen empirisch identifiziert und analysiert werden.

  • Grundlagen der Unternehmensstrategie und Diversifikation
  • Theoretische Ansätze zur Erklärung von Diversifikationserfolg (u.a. Resource-based View)
  • Kritische Analyse klassischer Messmethoden der Diversifikation
  • Empirische Untersuchung von 47 deutschen Konzernen mittels Faktorenanalyse
  • Untersuchung der Zusammenhänge zwischen Diversifikationsstrategien und Unternehmenserfolg

Auszug aus dem Buch

1.1 Problem Definition

On corporate level main strategic decisions involve the question which businesses are to be pursued and which to be neglected, thus how the portfolio of businesses is designed. The ultimate goal is a value adding business portfolio, meaning every single business is better off being part of this very portfolio instead of operating as a totally separate entity.

This added value arises from synergies among the businesses and the role of the corporate center. In the case of success this would lead to a conglomerate premium (the conglomerate is of higher value than the sum of its parts) in terms of company value instead of a conglomerate discount.

Corporate managers are generally very free in deciding what businesses they want to add to their portfolio and which to divest. This raises two questions: one regarding the type of businesses in a portfolio (i.e. what industries do they serve) and the other regarding the optimal size of a portfolio (i.e. how many businesses can be managed at once). The term diversification deals with both questions: it describes how broad and how diverse a company’s business portfolio is. On the one hand it can be very narrow or focused in a barely diversified company, on the other it can be very broad in a highly diversified company. Three forms of diversification strategies are commonly distinguished: focused, relational and conglomerate diversification.

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel

1 Introduction: Definition des Forschungsproblems, Zielsetzung der Arbeit und Erläuterung des gewählten methodischen Ansatzes.

2 Fundamentals of Corporate Strategy: Darstellung der Grundlagen der Unternehmensstrategie, der Portfoliogestaltung und der verschiedenen Formen der Diversifikation.

3 Diversification and Success: Diskussion theoretischer Ansätze zur Erklärung von Erfolg und Identifikation wesentlicher Erfolgsfaktoren wie Unternehmensverwandtschaft und Ressourcenübertragbarkeit.

4 Systematization and Measurement of Diversification: Erläuterung klassischer Messansätze und Darstellung der Problematik bei der Diversifikationsmessung.

5 Analysis of Real Types of Diversification Strategies: Empirische Analyse von 47 deutschen Konzernen unter Anwendung von Faktorenanalyse und Untersuchung von Zusammenhängen zwischen Strategie und Unternehmenserfolg.

6 Conclusion: Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse der Arbeit und Aufzeigen von Ansätzen für zukünftige Forschungsvorhaben.

Schlüsselwörter

Diversifikation, Unternehmensstrategie, Unternehmensverwandtschaft, Relatedness, Resource-based View, Faktorenanalyse, Diversifikationserfolg, Konzern, Portfolio, Ressourcenübertragbarkeit, Unternehmensführung, Strategisches Management, Deutschland, Benchmarking, Performanceanalyse.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

Worum geht es in dieser Arbeit grundsätzlich?

Die Arbeit untersucht Diversifikationsstrategien in großen deutschen Unternehmen und analysiert, wie verschiedene Formen der "Relatedness" (Unternehmensverwandtschaft) zwischen Geschäftseinheiten existieren und wie diese gemessen werden können.

Was sind die zentralen Themenfelder der Arbeit?

Zentrale Themen sind die theoretischen Grundlagen der Diversifikation, die Messung der Diversifikation (sowohl durch klassische Kennzahlen als auch durch neue Ansätze) und die Analyse von Erfolgsfaktoren in diversifizierten Konzernen.

Was ist das primäre Ziel oder die Forschungsfrage?

Das Ziel ist es, reale Typen der Unternehmensverwandtschaft in deutschen Konzernen empirisch zu identifizieren, zu erforschen und deren Diversifikationsstrategien zu analysieren.

Welche wissenschaftliche Methode wird verwendet?

Der Autor führt eine empirische Studie mit 47 deutschen Konzernen durch, wobei zur Analyse der Daten die Methode der Faktorenanalyse eingesetzt wird, um die 17 Kriterien aus dem Fragebogen in handhabbare Faktoren zu reduzieren.

Was wird im Hauptteil behandelt?

Der Hauptteil gliedert sich in eine theoretische Fundierung (Kapitel 2 und 3), eine methodische Auseinandersetzung mit Diversifikationsmessungen (Kapitel 4) und eine umfangreiche empirische Analyse der Daten (Kapitel 5), in der Zusammenhänge zwischen Diversifikationstypen und Unternehmenserfolg geprüft werden.

Welche Schlüsselwörter charakterisieren die Arbeit?

Zu den wichtigsten Begriffen gehören Diversifikation, Unternehmensverwandtschaft (Relatedness), Resource-based View, Faktorenanalyse und Unternehmenserfolg.

Warum wurde eine Faktorenanalyse gewählt?

Die Faktorenanalyse dient dazu, die Vielzahl der im Fragebogen abgefragten Kriterien zu reduzieren und die zugrunde liegenden, interpretierbaren Dimensionen der Unternehmensverwandtschaft zu identifizieren.

Was ist das Ergebnis bezüglich des Zusammenhangs von Diversifikation und Erfolg?

Die Ergebnisse sind laut dem Autor unklar oder widersprüchlich; eine eindeutige positive Korrelation zwischen spezifischen Diversifikationstypen und dem Unternehmenserfolg (ROA/ROE) konnte in der vorliegenden Stichprobe nicht zweifelsfrei bestätigt werden.

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Details

Title
Real Types of Diversification Strategies – An Analysis of different Types of Relatedness in German Companies
College
HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management
Grade
1,7
Author
Kai Hanitsch (Author)
Publication Year
2008
Pages
99
Catalog Number
V146158
ISBN (eBook)
9783640573141
ISBN (Book)
9783640572519
Language
German
Tags
Strategisches Management Corporate Strategy Diversification Relatedness of Resources
Product Safety
GRIN Publishing GmbH
Quote paper
Kai Hanitsch (Author), 2008, Real Types of Diversification Strategies – An Analysis of different Types of Relatedness in German Companies, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/146158
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