This research examines the role of the Constituency Development Fund as a locally managed financing mechanism intended to accelerate grassroots development in the education sector of Eastern Province, Zambia. The study maps CDF allocations to education across multiple electoral cycles and links these investments to changes in key education indicators, including pupil-to-classroom ratios, teacher accommodation availability, school latrine coverage, enrollment and retention rates, as well as learner performance on standardized assessments. The quantitative component analyzes administrative records from ministries, constituency project registers, and school-level data to identify patterns of resource allocation and measurable shifts in service delivery. The qualitative component captures perspectives from headteachers, classroom teachers, pupils, parents, constituency development committees, and local government officers to unpack decision-making processes, implementation bottlenecks, and local perceptions of project relevance and sustainability.
Empirical results indicate that CDF-funded construction and rehabilitation projects produced visible improvements in the learning environment, notably through new classrooms, repaired sanitation facilities, and provision of basic furniture and teaching aids. These infrastructural gains contributed to higher school enrollment and reduced absenteeism in many targeted communities and eased pressure on overcrowded classrooms. However, improvements in learning outcomes were inconsistent across constituencies. Primary factors constraining impact included irregular and delayed disbursements, limited alignment between selected projects and pedagogical needs, insufficient technical appraisal of project designs, weak post-construction maintenance plans, and minimal inclusion of teachers and parents in project planning and oversight. Political influences in project selection sometimes prioritized visible outputs over interventions with stronger pedagogical returns, undermining long-term effectiveness.
The study offers practical recommendations to maximize the education impact of CDF projects: adopt participatory, evidence-based project selection protocols that prioritize interventions with proven links to learning; synchronize CDF planning with national education sector plans and school improvement plans; implement transparent financial reporting and community-led monitoring mechanisms;
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- Maliro Ngoma (Author), 2022, Evaluating the Impact of Constituency Development Fund (CDF) Projects on Education Delivery in Eastern Province, Zambia, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1669887
