Allocation and Determination of Responsibilities, Powers and Competence in European Countries

Table of Contents:

A. Introduction

B. General Explanations

C. Allocation and Determination of Responsibilities, Powers and Competence in the Federal
Republic of Germany
I. The Federalistic Structure of the German Political System and its Characteristics
1. Cooperative Federalism
2. Political Integration
II. The Responsibilities, Powers and Competence of the Federation and the Federal States
1. Legislation of the Federation and the Federal States
a) Exclusive Legislation
b) Concurrent Legislation
aa) Art. 72 section 1 GG
bb) Art. 72 section 2 GG
cc) Art. 72 section 3 GG
2. Executive Authorities of the Federation and the Federal States
a) Executive Authorities on Federal Level
b) Executive Authorities on Federal State Level
3. Judicature
a) Judicature on the Federal Level
aa) Federal Courts
bb) The Federal Constitutional Court
b) Judicature on the Federal State Level
III. The Responsibilities, Powers and Competence of Municipal Authorities
1. Duties and Responsibilities of Municipal Authorities
a) Tasks within the Own Sphere of Influence
aa) Own Tasks of Municipalities
(1) Optional Tasks
(2) Compulsory Tasks
bb) Own Tasks of Rural Districts, Circuits and Cities which do not belong to a Rural District
b) Tasks within the Devolved Sphere of Influence
aa) Devolved Tasks of Municipalities
bb) Devolved Tasks of County Seats and Cities which do not belong to a Rural District
2. Forms of Administrative Action of Municipal Authorities
a) Acceptilation of Legal Norms
aa) Bylaws
bb) Ordinances
cc) Internal Administrative Legal Rules
b) Acceptilation of Administrative Acts

D. Allocation and Determination of Responsibilities, Powers and Competence in the Austrian Republic
I. The Political System of the Austrian Republic
II. The Responsibilities, Powers and Competence of the Federation
1. Legislation
2. Executive
3. Judiciary
III. The Responsibilities, Powers and Competence of the Federal States
1. Legislation
2. Executive
IV. The Responsibilities, Powers and Competence of the Districts
V. The Responsibilities, Powers and Competence of Municipal Authorities
1. Own Sphere of Influence
2. Devolved Sphere of Influence

E. Allocation and Determination of Responsibilities, Powers and Competence in Switzerland
I. Switzerland: A Nation of Will
II. Federalism in Switzerland
III. The Function of Municipalities in Switzerland