The term markedness has been used for various concepts in linguistics for a long time in spite of its controversial usage. The discourse on emotions or emotional language from a linguistic point of view has also been controversial and, as opposed to markedness theories, has not had a long tradition. When conducting research for this topic I noticed that there is little material that links markedness theory to emotional language. This paper is an attempt to link the two concepts and to show that markedness is an indicator for the intensity of emotions.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Markedness
- The Concept in General
- Comrie's Comments
- The Twelve Senses
- How to Diagnose Markedness
- Scale of Markedness
- Markedness as Expectation
- Markedness Assimilation
- Emotions in Language
- Stance
- Rules of Emotionality
- Expressing Emotions
- Emotion Analysis
- Markedness in Emotional Language
- The Emotions
- Markedness of the Emotional Terms
- Conclusion
Objectives and Key Themes
This paper aims to explore the relationship between markedness theory and the expression of emotions in language. It seeks to demonstrate that markedness serves as an indicator of emotional intensity. The study will achieve this by first introducing the concept of markedness and relevant theories, then examining existing linguistic research on emotions, and finally applying these theoretical frameworks to analyze sample dialogues to identify the correlation between markedness and emotional expression.
- The concept of markedness in linguistics
- Theories of emotionality in language
- The application of markedness theory to emotional language
- Analysis of markedness as an indicator of emotional intensity
- Suggestions for further research
Chapter Summaries
Introduction: This introductory chapter establishes the paper's central objective: to investigate the connection between markedness theory and the expression of emotions in language. It highlights the scarcity of research linking these two concepts and introduces key scholars whose work will inform the analysis, including Comrie, Haspelmath, Battistella, and Hume. The chapter outlines the methodology, which involves a review of existing literature on markedness and emotions, followed by an application of relevant theories to sample dialogues to examine the relationship between markedness and emotional intensity. Finally, it previews the concluding summary and suggestions for further research.
Markedness: This chapter delves into the multifaceted concept of markedness in linguistics. It begins by explaining the fundamental idea that one linguistic feature is considered more neutral (unmarked) than another (marked). The chapter then discusses Comrie's examination of markedness, questioning its validity and methods of determination. It introduces Battistella's six criteria for diagnosing markedness and contrasts language-internal markedness with cross-linguistic markedness. Furthermore, it explores Comrie's concepts of overt and systemic marking and incorporates Haspelmath's twelve senses of markedness, particularly focusing on semantic markedness and markedness as rarity. The chapter uses examples like the word pair "dog" and "bitch" to illustrate semantic markedness and the context-dependent nature of markedness.
Emotions in Language: This chapter presents findings from linguistic studies on emotions, drawing on the work of Fiehler and Kövecses, who focused on the conceptualization of emotions in language. While the specific content of their findings isn't detailed here, the chapter lays the groundwork for integrating these emotional language models with the markedness theory explored in the preceding chapter. This sets the stage for the subsequent application of these combined theoretical frameworks to concrete examples.
Markedness in Emotional Language: This chapter applies the theoretical framework developed in the previous chapters to analyze the relationship between markedness and the expression of emotions. It analyzes sample dialogues (though the dialogues themselves are not presented here), focusing on the identification and interpretation of marked and unmarked linguistic features within the context of emotional expression. This chapter is crucial as it tests the central hypothesis of the paper and provides the empirical basis for the conclusions presented in the final chapter (which is excluded from this preview).
Keywords
Markedness, emotion, language, linguistics, semantic markedness, emotional intensity, Comrie, Haspelmath, Battistella, Hume, Fiehler, Kövecses, dialogue analysis.
Frequently Asked Questions: A Comprehensive Language Preview
What is the main topic of this paper?
The paper explores the relationship between markedness theory and the expression of emotions in language. It investigates whether markedness can serve as an indicator of emotional intensity.
What is markedness in linguistics?
Markedness refers to the concept that one linguistic feature is considered more neutral (unmarked) than another (marked). The paper examines various perspectives on markedness, including Comrie's work and the twelve senses of markedness proposed by Haspelmath. Examples like the word pair "dog" and "bitch" illustrate semantic markedness and the context-dependent nature of markedness.
What theories of emotionality in language are discussed?
The paper draws upon linguistic studies on emotions, referencing the work of Fiehler and Kövecses, who focused on the conceptualization of emotions in language. While specific findings aren't detailed in the preview, the paper integrates these emotional language models with markedness theory.
What is the methodology used in the paper?
The paper utilizes a literature review on markedness and emotions. It then applies these theoretical frameworks to analyze sample dialogues to examine the correlation between markedness and emotional expression. The analysis focuses on identifying and interpreting marked and unmarked linguistic features within the context of emotional expression.
Which scholars' work informs this paper?
The paper draws heavily on the work of several key scholars, including Comrie, Haspelmath, Battistella, Hume, Fiehler, and Kövecses. Their theories and research on markedness and emotional language provide the theoretical foundation for the analysis.
What are the key themes explored in the paper?
Key themes include: the concept of markedness in linguistics; theories of emotionality in language; application of markedness theory to emotional language; analysis of markedness as an indicator of emotional intensity; and suggestions for further research.
What are the chapter summaries?
The preview includes summaries of the Introduction, Markedness, Emotions in Language, and Markedness in Emotional Language chapters. The Introduction lays out the research question and methodology. The "Markedness" chapter details the concept and different interpretations of markedness. The "Emotions in Language" chapter provides background on linguistic studies on emotions. The "Markedness in Emotional Language" chapter describes the application of the theoretical framework to analyze sample dialogues and test the central hypothesis.
What are the keywords associated with this paper?
Keywords include: Markedness, emotion, language, linguistics, semantic markedness, emotional intensity, Comrie, Haspelmath, Battistella, Hume, Fiehler, Kövecses, dialogue analysis.
What is the overall objective of the paper?
The paper aims to demonstrate that markedness serves as an indicator of emotional intensity in language. It seeks to establish a connection between markedness theory and the expression of emotions, a relationship that the paper suggests has received limited attention in prior research.
What are the concluding remarks or suggestions for further research?
The preview does not include the conclusion, but it does mention that the final chapter will offer a concluding summary and suggestions for further research.
- Citation du texte
- Lisa Jensen (Auteur), 2010, Markedness Theories, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/181182
