Geert Hofstede is professor emeritus of Organizational Anthropology and International Management at Maastricht University. His book “Culture's Consequences. Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations across nations” is a revision of his earlier book titled “Culture's Consequences, International Differences in Work-Related Values”, which was released by Sage in 1980.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Introduction: The Importance of Cultural Understanding
- Methodology and Data Collection
- Power Distance
- Uncertainty Avoidance
- Individualism vs. Collectivism
- Masculinity vs. Femininity
- Long-Term vs. Short-Term Orientation
- Consequences of Cultural Differences
- Author's Experiences and Future Research
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
The primary objective of this work is to explore the impact of cultural differences on values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations. The book examines the key dimensions of national cultures, analyzes the influence of these differences on various aspects of business and society, and provides insights into cultural change.
- Dimensions of National Culture
- Cultural Influence on Management and Organizations
- Cross-Cultural Communication and Interaction
- Cultural Change and Globalization
- Critical Evaluation of Cultural Research
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
The first chapter introduces the concept of culture and its importance in understanding human behavior. It defines culture as “the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another.” Chapter two focuses on the methodology used to collect and analyze the data, providing insights into the IBM Attitude Survey Questionnaire and its limitations. The following five chapters delve into each of the five dimensions of national culture: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, and long-term vs. short-term orientation. Each chapter explores the characteristics of different cultures along these dimensions, providing examples and historical context. The subsequent chapters examine the implications of these cultural differences for various aspects of life, including management, organizations, migration, international politics, business, education, tourism, and internet use. The final chapter reflects on the author's experiences and future research directions.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
The core concepts and themes explored in this work include national culture, cultural dimensions, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, long-term vs. short-term orientation, cross-cultural management, intercultural communication, globalization, and cultural change. The book also focuses on the critical evaluation of cultural research methods and the potential limitations of cultural studies.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are Hofstede's five main cultural dimensions?
The dimensions are Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism vs. Collectivism, Masculinity vs. Femininity, and Long-Term vs. Short-Term Orientation.
How does Hofstede define "Culture"?
Hofstede defines culture as "the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another."
What was the basis for Hofstede's data collection?
The research was primarily based on the IBM Attitude Survey Questionnaire, which collected data from employees across different nations during the 1960s and 70s.
What is the significance of "Power Distance"?
It measures the extent to which less powerful members of institutions and organizations expect and accept that power is distributed unequally.
How do cultural differences affect international business?
Cultural dimensions influence management styles, communication, interaction, and organizational structures, which are crucial for success in a globalized market.
- Citation du texte
- Saskia Guckenburg (Auteur), 2011, Literature review: Hofstede, Geert H. Culture's Consequences. Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations across nations. , Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/191988
