Obsessive compulsive disorder initially was thought to be a relatively rare disorder, but is now recognized as a common psychiatric issue with an estimated lifetime prevalence of 1.9 to 3.3%. The United States has a prevalence rate for this anxiety disorder of one in every one hundred children. Research among the five to six million U.S. adults living with OCD discovered that 50 percent said that their symptoms began in childhood. A statistic like this drives home the need for both parents and educators to have a thorough understanding of the signs and symptoms of OCD in children in an attempt to identify and address the disorder as early as possible in the child’s life. One of the greatest stumbling blocks to seeking professional attention for a child is the myths and misconceptions attached to the behaviour of a child suffering with this disorder.
Mark suffers with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), “characterized by obsessions or compulsions (usually both) that cause marked distress, are time consuming (take more than 1 hour a day), or significantly interfere with functioning.”(Phillips 2009:282). An obsession is defined as a recurrent, persistent, and intrusive thought, impulse or image that is difficult to dismiss despite its disturbing nature. A compulsion is often known as a ritual. It is excessive repetitive behaviour (such as hand washing as in Mark’s case above) or mental acts (such as counting) that are performed to try to decrease the anxiety caused by an obsession. These compulsions are usually difficult to resist or control. (p. 279)
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
1. Introduction and definitions
2. Myths and misconceptions
3. Manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder
4. Categories of obsessions and compulsions
5. Causes of OCD and triggers
6. Identifying OCD behaviour in the child, a parent’s guide
7. Formal diagnosis
8. Misdiagnoses
9. Treatment options
10. Identifying and dealing with OCD in the classroom, the educator’s role
11. Support for parents
12. Final thoughts
13. References
14. Appendix: Further reading and websites
Mark worried that he’d get sick from dirt or germs.
He washed his hands for hours a day so he wouldn’t get sick or contaminated.
He refused to allow visitors into his home, and whenever he, his wife,
or his children entered the house
he made them change their clothes and take a shower.
(Phillips, K.A – 2009)
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