Summary E-Commerce

1. History of the Internet (when? Why? Background? Political background?)

- 2 computers connected by telephone cable (internet was born)

- roots in the cold war

- 1957 Soviet Union launched first satellite (Sputnik I) -> US President Dwight Eisenhower created ARPA agency to regain technological lead in the arms race

- Licklider = head new IPTO organization (help protect US against a space-based nuclear attack)

- Licklider promoted within the IPTO idea of country-wide communications network

- Lawrence Roberts implemented his vision

- Development of a special computer -> ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), October, 1969

- first communications between Leonard Kleinrock's (research center in LA) and Douglas Engelbart (research center in Stanford)

- 1983 ARPANET split into

- „normal internet
- military network (MILNET)

- ARPANET provided good communication links between major computational resources, computer users in academic, industrial, and government research laboratories

- 1990 ARPANET was retired and transferred to the NSFNET (National Science Foundation)

- NSFNET soon connected to CSNET (linked Universities around North America), then to the EUnet (connected research facilities in Europe)

- use of the Internet exploded after 1990

- first commercial internet provider started in 1990

- 1991 internet introduced to the public

- US Government transferred management to independent organizations starting in 1995

- In Germany:

- developed at the universities of Karlsruhe and Dortmund
- August 1984: first node established at the university Karlsruhe (allowed to communicate with US & other countries per e-mail)
- 1988: First connection at the university Dortmund into the american internet
- Small independent providers are main reason for the spread of internet in the beginning

2. Difference between www and Internet / Who invented www

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- www was developed by Tim Berners-Lee (member of CERN) in 1989

- 30 April 1993: Tim Berners-Lee presents HTML (the „language of the internet) the first browser as well as the first site on the www for free public use.

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3. Typical services of www

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4. Technical background (what inventions, how many listeners)

- To reach 50 Mio people in the USA:

- Radio: 38 years
- TV: 13 years
- WWW: 5 years

- Facebook added 50 million users in just three months

- Immense increase of the diffusion speed over the last 80 years

5. New Economy

- = the impact of information technology on the economy

- Everyone wanted to be a part in the new economy (every business thought they cannot do without being part of the eBusiness and eCommerce)

- grew very fast, everyone invested (even old economy companies) but without a plan, strategy, etc.

- eventually “imploded”

- people underestimated impacts which new technical advances bring along

- also known as "Digital Economy”

- developed in the late 90s

- banks gave loans easily which resulted in a big number of business start ups

- traditional measures of value no longer valid because technology was changing the world quickly and dramatically

- "gain market share at all cost”

- Venture Capital Companies invested millions in .com ideas -> Stock shares rose dramatically

- recession of 2001 disproved many of the more extreme predictions made during boom years

- speculative bubble with climax on March 10, 2000

- „dot-com“ bubble:

- companies lived in a bubble. à after 1 year bubble exploded
- many companies failed
- many had to change names to create a new Brand Identity or went totally bankrupt
- dismissal of employees
- after 18 months people regain trust and invest again in .com companies
- after 10 years of the NASDAG crash people seem to have forgotten about it à nowadays another tendency to invest a lot of money in .com market
- Could this happen again?

- harder for people to trust in impersonal companies, e.g. google, amazon,…

- very changing market, every 6 months new technology, new trends -> makes people unsure

- don´t know who can see all your information, who can use it & what they´ll do with

6. Some Definitions

- eCommerce

- is a subset of ebusiness, is the purchasing, selling, and exchanging of goods and services over computer networks (such as the Internet) through which transactions or terms of sale are performed electronically

- eBusiness

- is the transformation of key business processes through the use of Internet technologies
- wo main ways within organizations:
- applied to strategies and operations (our organization needs an improved e-business strategy)
- used as an adjective to describe business that mainly operates online

- relationship e-commerce / e-business:

- eCommerce has some degree of overlap with eBusiness
- eCommerce is broadly equivalent to eBusiness
- eCommerce is a subset of eBusiness

7. B2C /B2B/C2B/C2C

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8. What is Intranet / Extranet?

- Intranet:

- = a private network within a single company using the Internet standards to enable employees to access and share information using web publishing technology

- Extranet:

- = a service provided through the Internet and web technology delivered by extending an intranet beyond a company to customers, suppliers and collaborators

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