The purpose of this paper is to give the reader an understanding of two very contrary cultures, Germany’s and Thailand’s, in order to help preventing cultural misunderstandings when working together. At first, an explanation of the word “culture” will be given, although, so far, there has not yet been one exact definition all scientists approve of. After giving some general information about the two countries, a comparison will be drawn between Germany and Thailand based on two individual theories of so-called “Cultural Dimensions” put forward by the scientists Edward T. Hall and Fons Trompenaars.
Additionally, the reader will find a brief elaboration of suggestions on how the two cultures may approach one another to lay potential differences aside. Thus, the aim of this paper is pointing out possibilities to enable business to develop further and that the people from these two countries will find it easier to cooperate in the future.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. General Definition of Culture
3. Facts about Germany and Thailand
4. Cultural Comparison between Germany and Thailand
4.1 Comparison based on the four Cultural Dimensions of Edward T. Hall
4.1.1 Space (Proxemics)
4.1.2 Context
4.1.3 Time
4.1.4 Speed of Information
4.2. Cultural Comparison based on the seven Cultural Dimensions of Fons Trompenaars
4.3.1 Universalism vs. Particularism
4.3.2 Individualism vs. Communitarism (Collectivism)
4.3.3 Neutral vs. Affective
4.3.4 Specific vs. Diffuse
4.3.5 Ascription vs. Achievement
4.3.6 Sequential vs. Synchronic Time
4.3.7 Internal vs. External Orientation (Nature)
5. Tips and Advice for Businessmen
6. Conclusion
Objectives and Topics
The primary goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive comparison between the cultures of Germany and Thailand to prevent misunderstandings in professional environments. By utilizing established cultural theories and personal experiences, the study aims to foster better cooperation between individuals from these two distinct nations.
- Theoretical analysis of cultural dimensions by Edward T. Hall and Fons Trompenaars.
- Examination of the fundamental differences between German and Thai societal norms.
- Practical guidance for businessmen to navigate intercultural encounters.
- Evaluation of communication styles, time perception, and professional relationship building.
- Synthesis of academic research and field-based observations.
Excerpt from the Book
4.1.1 Space (Proxemics)
In ‘The Hidden Dimension’ (1966), Hall describes his first dimension Proxemics which is ‘the branch of knowledge that deals with the amount of space that people feel is necessary to set between themselves and others.’ Hall considered two kinds of spaces: personal space which is immediately around a person’s body and so-called macro-level sensibilities ‘that shape cultural expectations about how streets, neighborhoods and cities should be properly organized.’
Germany, for instance, has a very sensitive personal space. While in other countries, especially countries with Latino influence, physical contact is very natural, most Germans prefer to keep their fellow human beings at least out of their intimate space which is about an arm-length from the body.
The Thai society, however, is influenced by the Buddhist religion. As the head is believed to be ‘the seat of the soul’, it would be extremely offensive to touch a Thai person’s head. Patting a child’s head, which is a quite common gesture in the western world, may cause serious problems with the child’s parents.
For Buddhists, it is also socially unacceptable to show affection publicly, so while Germans have no problem with showing physical closeness openly when being in a relationship despite their tendency to personal space, a Buddhist couple will never be seen exchanging tenderness in public.
Summary of Chapters
1. Introduction: Outlines the impact of globalization on business and presents the purpose of comparing German and Thai cultural differences to improve professional cooperation.
2. General Definition of Culture: Explores the conceptual roots and academic challenges in defining 'culture' as a system of shared norms and behavioral patterns.
3. Facts about Germany and Thailand: Provides a historical and political overview of both nations, highlighting their distinct development and current societal structures.
4. Cultural Comparison between Germany and Thailand: Utilizes the cultural dimension theories of Edward T. Hall and Fons Trompenaars to contrast German and Thai behaviors and values.
5. Tips and Advice for Businessmen: Offers practical strategies for professionals to navigate intercultural challenges and build successful cross-border relationships.
6. Conclusion: Summarizes the key findings and emphasizes the importance of sensitivity, tolerance, and direct experience for successful cross-cultural engagement.
Keywords
Intercultural Competence, Cultural Dimensions, Edward T. Hall, Fons Trompenaars, Germany, Thailand, Globalization, Proxemics, High-Context, Low-Context, Universalism, Individualism, Collectivism, Business Communication, Cultural Sensitivity
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research paper?
The paper focuses on identifying and analyzing cultural differences between Germany and Thailand to facilitate smoother professional collaboration.
Which theoretical frameworks are applied to the cultural comparison?
The study primarily utilizes the 'Cultural Dimensions' theories developed by Edward T. Hall and Fons Trompenaars.
What is the ultimate objective of the analysis?
The goal is to equip readers with the understanding necessary to avoid cultural offenses and to develop effective business strategies when working across these two cultures.
How is the methodology structured in this work?
The author combines existing academic literature on cultural theory with personal experiences gathered during travels through Thailand in 2013.
What topics are explored in the main part of the paper?
The main part examines dimensions such as space perception, context, time, information flow, relationship orientations, and attitudes toward nature.
Which keywords best characterize the content?
The content is best characterized by terms such as Intercultural Competence, Cultural Dimensions, globalization, and specific behavioral traits like Kreng jai.
How does the concept of 'Kreng jai' impact Thai business relationships?
‘Kreng jai’ is a vital trait in Thai society aimed at maintaining harmony and avoiding conflict; it often leads to indirect communication styles that contrast with German directness.
Why does the author argue that compromises might not be the best solution?
The author suggests that simple compromises often lead to 'lose/lose' situations where one party must give in, whereas reconciliation of views is more effective.
- Quote paper
- Steffen Kirilmaz (Author), 2014, A comparison between the culture of Germany and Thailand based on the cultural dimensions of Edward Hall and Fons Trompenaars, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/282298
