The sense of politics according to the philosophies of Nietzsche, Plato, Rousseau and Dante

Resumen o Introducción

The problem of the sense of politics is a philosophical problem. All philosophical problems are always urgent, as they are hard to solve. In spite of that, it’s always possible to make an attempt.
This work is an attempt to comprehend internal forces, which drive politics, filling it with sense. It’s impossible for politics not to have the point. According to Dante, everything getting objective reality intends some action. Actions in politics are aims and objectives.
To define actions in politics we decided to turn to the help of great thinkers, such as Plato, Dante Alighieri, Jean Jacques Roussea, Friedrich Nietzsche.
We are going to proceed from the assumption that no thought is false. Any idea from its origin goes through a number of conditions, which can’t be false per se. If we begin to deny the idea, we inevitable come to deny the above conditions under which the thought emerged. Consequently, in the research we intend to start from the principle of the relative truth in each philosophical idea, as the idea can be applied to a particular sphere of existence.
If each philosophical idea is valid in application to a definite aspect of the world, then they may be united, drawing up a new concept of the world. As we advocate an integral view on existence, the method of research is synthesis, from which a new understanding of politics is born.
One of the basic notions in the research is the notion of a philosopher’s idea. Under idea in this research we understand the discovery of new senses or new understanding of things. In this text the synonym of the idea is the thought.
The notion of politics and related to it notions will be defined in the process of investigation. At the end of the research it will be given the synthetic definition of politics.
The sequence of chapters reflects the additional to synthesis method of research. This is a dialectical method. It means the step-by-step development of our understanding of politics. We will draw up our interpretations of philosophical works in such consistency that one idea of one philosopher causes another idea of the other philosopher.
So we consider the works of philosophers in the following order: “The Will to Power”, Friedrich Nietzsche; “The Republic”, Plato; “The social contract or principles of political right”, Jean Jacques Rousseau; “The Monarchy”, Dante Alighieri.