Bendaharas of Singapore Hindu Malay Empire and Malacca and Johor Muslim Malay Empires are of the same origin. Singapore's first Bendahara is Raja Kecil Muda named Tun Perpateh Permula Berjajar 1. Raja Kecil Muda’s descesdent became Bendaharas until the period of empires Malacca and Johor Muslim Malay Empires.
Only after the death of Tun Jenal (the 4th Bendahara Paduka Raja) which is the 16th Bendahara of Johor Empire, there was no information as to whether the son or descendant of Bendahara Jenal replace him to become Bendahara. The "Malay Annals" do not mentioned explicitly Bendahara names after him. It only mentioned three Bendaharas, one of them is Bendahara Sekudai.
According to the "Malay Annals", one of Bendahara Tun Anum’s (the 15th Bendahara of Johor) daughter named Tun Putih is married to Tun Ahmad, son of Bendahara Sekudai. This marriage brought the relationship between Bendahara Seri Maharaja Tun Anum, Bendahara Tun Jenal and Bendahara Sekudai. Later, Bendahara Sekudai replaced Bendahara Tun Jenal (the 16th Bendahara of Johor) as the 17th Bendahara of Johor.
Edited from the files in the National Archives of Malaysia:
File of Tun Hamdan bin Sheikh Tahir No. B (SP) / SP. 108 () / 20.010, Brief History of Makam Bendahara Abd. Majid Tun Habab (Habib) Padang Saujana Hohor, in Kota Tinggi Johor by Shaharom Hussin – SP. Hamdan Sheikh Tahir.
File of Fail Tun Hamdan bin Sheikh Tahir No. B (SP) / SP. 108 () / 20.010, Sejarah Ringkas Makam Bendahara Abd. Majid Tun Habab (Habib), Padang Saujana Johor di Kota Tinggi, Johor oleh Shaharom Hussein - SP. Hamdan Sheikh Tahir.
File of Prof. Datuk Nik Abdul Rashid bin Nik Abdul Majid No. B(SP) / SP.113 (.)/20.010, Sejarah Ringkas: Pembinaan dan Perkembangan Maktab-Maktab Perguruan Melayu, Oleh: Shaharom Husain) Sempena Dengan Konvensyen Pendidikan Ke V Suluh Budiman, Disember 1980.
The History of Bendahara Abd. Majid Tun Habab’s (Habib) Cemetery and the History and Development of Malay Teachers College
A Brief History of Bendahara Abd. Majid Tun Habab’s (Habib) Cemetery, Padang Saujana Hohor, in Kota Tinggi, Johor (By Shaharom Husain)
Bendaharas of Singapore Hindu Malay Empire and Malacca and Johor Muslim Malay Empires are of the same origin. Singapore's first Bendahara is Raja Kecil Muda named Tun Perpateh Permula Berjajar 1. Raja Kecil Muda’s descesdent became Bendaharas until the period of empires Malacca and Johor Muslim Malay Empires.
Only after the death of Tun Jenal (the 4th Bendahara Paduka Raja) which is the 16th Bendahara of Johor Empire, there was no information as to whether the son or descendant of Bendahara Jenal replace him to become Bendahara. The "Malay Annals" do not mentioned explicitly Bendahara names after him. It only mentioned three Bendaharas, one of them is Bendahara Sekudai.
According to the "Malay Annals", one of Bendahara Tun Anum’s (the 15th Bendahara of Johor) daughter named Tun Putih is married to Tun Ahmad, son of Bendahara Sekudai. This marriage brought the relationship between Bendahara Seri Maharaja Tun Anum, Bendahara Tun Jenal and Bendahara Sekudai. Later, Bendahara Sekudai replaced Bendahara Tun Jenal (the 16th Bendahara of Johor) as the 17th Bendahara of Johor.
One of Tun Hassan Temenggong’s (son to Seri Maharaja I that have been murdered by Sultan Mahmud from Malacca) descendent, has hold Bendahara post with the title of Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Mamat. It is possible that he managed to replace Bendahara Sekudai and later became the 18th Bendahara of Johor during the reign of Sultan Ibrahim Shah I and Sultan Mahmud Shah II. After the death of Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Mamat, Bendahara Abdul Majid Tun Habab (Habib), Seri Maharaja Padang Saujana the 19th Bendahara of Johor. Bendahara Abdul Majid was then succeeded by his son, Tun Abdul Jalil who became the 20th Bendahara of Johor with the same rank of Bendahara Seri Maharaja. He became Bendahara during the reign of Sultan Mahmud Shah II, the 10th Sultan of Johor. When Sultan Mahmud Shah II was killed by Megat Seri Rama (according to Tuhfat al-Nafis) in 1699, Bendahara Abdul Jalil took over the Johor empire throne because the Sultan of Johor has no heir in his stead. That Bendahara was given the title of the 4th Sultan Abdul Jalil and became the 11th Sultan of Johor. The descendent of Sultan Abdul Jalil became the Sultan of Johor until the reign of Sultan Hussain Shah in Singapore and Sultan Ali in Johor and Kesang.
The 4th Sultan Abdul Jalil (the 11th Sultan of Johor) had a daughter named Tengku Tengah who later married Daeng Perani, one of the five Bugis princes. Their descendants became the Sultan of Johor to this day. The other Bendahara Abdul Majid Tun Habab’s (Habib) son, namely Tun Zainal Abidin became the first Sultan of Terengganu. Tun Zainal’s descendents became the Sultan of Terengganu to this day. The 4th Sultan Abdul Jalil (the 11th Sultan of Johor) has another son named Tun Abas that became Bendahara Seri Maharaja Pahang. Tun Abas’s descendants later became the Sultan of Pahang until today. In conclusion, the Sultans of Johor, Pahang and Terengganu are the descendants of Bendahara Abdul Majid Tun Habab (Habib), Seri Maharaja Padang Saujana Johor. Bendahara Abdul Majid grave still lies in the cemetery of the Bendahara royal family in Kota Tinggi, Johor.
Research Materials
1. Tuhfat al-Nafis – Raja Haji Ali bin Ahmad Riau 2. Salasilah Melayu dan Bugis – Raja Haji Ali bin Ahmad Riau 3. Hikayat Johor 1 – Dato’ Hj. Md. Said bin Hj. Sulaiman 4. Sejarah Melayu – Tun Seri Lanang 5. History of Johore – R.O. Winstedt
A Brief History and Development of Malay Teachers College (By Shaharom Husain)
Johor government exists in Teluk Belanga, Singapore in 1825 under the rule of Temenggung Daing Ibrahim ibni Temenggung Daing Abdul Rahman. During His Majesty era in 1846, a Malay school was established in Teluk Belanga to give lessons to the children of the people. In 1878 during the reign of Temenggung Abu Bakar (Sultan Abu Bakar ibni Temenggung Daing Ibrahim), a Teacher Training College was established in Teluk Belanga to train teachers and government officials. The college is located in the old castle of Temenggung Daing Ibrahim and existed until 1895.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the document about?
The document comprises two parts. The first part details the history of Bendahara Abd. Majid Tun Habab’s (Habib) Cemetery in Kota Tinggi, Johor, tracing the lineage and significance of the Bendaharas in Singapore Hindu Malay Empire and Malacca and Johor Muslim Malay Empires. The second part gives a brief overview of the history and development of Malay Teachers College.
Who was Bendahara Abd. Majid Tun Habab (Habib)?
Bendahara Abdul Majid Tun Habab (Habib), also known as Seri Maharaja Padang Saujana, was the 19th Bendahara of Johor. His descendants became the Sultans of Johor, Pahang, and Terengganu. His grave is located in the Bendahara royal family cemetery in Kota Tinggi, Johor.
What is the significance of the Bendaharas mentioned in the document?
The document traces the lineage of Bendaharas, highlighting their role and influence in the Singapore Hindu Malay Empire and Malacca and Johor Muslim Malay Empires. It discusses key figures like Tun Perpateh Permula Berjajar 1, Raja Kecil Muda, Tun Jenal, Bendahara Sekudai, Tun Anum and Bendahara Abdul Majid Tun Habab.
What historical sources are referenced in the document regarding the Bendaharas?
The document references several historical sources including: Tuhfat al-Nafis – Raja Haji Ali bin Ahmad Riau; Salasilah Melayu dan Bugis – Raja Haji Ali bin Ahmad Riau; Hikayat Johor 1 – Dato’ Hj. Md. Said bin Hj. Sulaiman; Sejarah Melayu – Tun Seri Lanang; History of Johore – R.O. Winstedt.
Where was the Malay Teachers College initially located, and when was it established?
The Malay Teachers College was initially established in Teluk Belanga, Singapore, in 1878 during the reign of Temenggung Abu Bakar (Sultan Abu Bakar ibni Temenggung Daing Ibrahim). It was located in the old castle of Temenggung Daing Ibrahim and existed until 1895.
What was the purpose of the Malay Teachers College?
The college was established to train teachers and government officials. It catered to teachers from Singapore, Penang and Malacca.
Who were some notable figures associated with the Malay Teachers College?
The document mentions Munsyi Md. Khalid, Munsyi Datuk Muhammad Ibrahim, and Munsyi Husain, children of Munshi Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir, as ex-students of the college who went on to hold significant positions in the government of Johor.
Was there another Teacher Training College mentioned?
Yes, the document mentions a Teachers Training College established in Taiping, Perak in June 1898 which was financed by both the Perak and Selangor state governments. It closed at the end of 1898.
- Citation du texte
- Uqbah Iqbal (Auteur), 2015, The history of Bendahara Abd. Majid Tun Habab’s (Habib) Cemetery and the history and development of Malay Teachers College, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/305660
