The objective of this book is to compare different historical cases of internal armed conflicts in America, to identify the common conditions that previously recorded the cessation of armed actions and beginning of dialogues as a path for starting building a post-conflict scenario.
For this purpose, I will make a comparative historical analysis of three armed conflicts in Latin America who opted for the "dialogue" as a mechanism to end the confrontation with the state. The objective of this exercise is to identify the common elements, if any, that existed in the different selected cases when they decided to engage in conversations officially.
With the identification of these elements, I intend to demonstrate that there is a common causal explanation of the outcome of the cases, represented as a minimum necessary conditions in the historical development of different armed conflicts to achieve the implementation and development of dialogs between non-governmental armed groups and their governments.
The outcome of this work will be the identification of patterns of dynamics of internal armed conflicts based on the research findings, which will serve as a reference material for the study and possible early resolutions of armed conflicts in their social and political dimension stating the dialogue as an effective means to armed conflict resolution and there are enabling conditions that make it successful.
Table of Contents
Introduction
State of the art
Conceptualization
Cases Analysis
Autodefensas unidas de Colombia - AUC
Movimiento 19 de abril (M-19)
Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
Analysis of cases
Conclusions
Research Objectives and Key Topics
The primary objective of this research is to perform a comparative historical analysis of three distinct internal armed conflicts in Latin America to identify the common conditions and causal elements that facilitated the transition from armed confrontation to official dialogue and peace processes. The work focuses on the pre-dialogue historical moment to understand the political, economic, and military factors that motivated non-governmental armed groups to engage in negotiations with their respective governments.
- Comparative analysis of non-state armed groups including guerrillas and paramilitaries.
- Identification of causal patterns across different political, economic, and military dimensions.
- Evaluation of the role of dialogue as an effective mechanism for ending internal conflicts.
- Examination of the transition from armed violence to political participation or demobilization.
Excerpt from the Book
Autodefensas unidas de Colombia - AUC
The Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia (also known as AUC), was a paramilitary type organization that represented the extreme right in the Colombian armed conflict. Although as a group was officially born in 1997, according to the historical count by the verdadabierta.com newspaper website, the AUC was the meeting point of different groups outside the law, which acted militarily against guerrillas in different areas from the country.
Respectively, the groups that composed it were the Autodefensas Campesinas of Córdoba, Autodefensas Campesinas of Magdalena Medio and Autodefensas Campesinas of Llanos Orientales. Its main objective was to fight through the use of violence to both legal left groups (political parties and union leaders) and illegal (guerrillas).
As review Fernando Cubides in his text Paramilitaries and Strategy (1999), these fragmented groups chose to create an organization with a unified command, coordination of multi-regional actions and an agenda established and programmatic purposes for the purpose of generating a status to ensure its recognition as a political actor, allowing for possible spaces for negotiation with the state.
From that year, the paramilitary strategy focused on containment of guerrilla expansion in the different departments, and the incursion into areas where guerrilla groups obtained their main sources of funding from drug trafficking and kidnapping mainly (Verdadabierta.com, 2016a); marking a key moment to the exponential growth of the AUC.
Summary of Chapters
Introduction: This chapter provides an overview of internal conflicts in Latin America, defining the rise of non-state armed groups and the subsequent privatization of violence as a major political issue.
State of the art: This section reviews existing academic literature regarding post-conflict scenarios and transitional justice, highlighting a gap in research concerning the historical conditions prior to the initiation of dialogues.
Conceptualization: This chapter establishes the theoretical framework, defining key terms such as conflict, internal conflict, dialogue, politics, and political ideology within the context of the study.
Cases Analysis: This section details the specific histories, structures, and dimensions of the AUC, M-19, and FMLN, providing the data necessary for the subsequent comparative study.
Analysis of cases: This chapter synthesizes the collected data, identifying the key differences and commonalities across the three groups regarding their formation, ideology, and path toward negotiations.
Conclusions: This chapter summarizes the findings, asserting that political, economic, and military conditions, particularly territory and financial sustainability, are crucial predictors for the commencement of peace dialogues.
Keywords
armed conflict, internal conflict, dialogue, government, armed groups, AUC, M-19, FMLN, guerrilla, paramilitary, Latin America, peace process, political ideology, economy of war, conflict resolution
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this research?
The research focuses on the historical conditions and common elements that enable non-governmental armed groups and governments in Latin America to initiate official peace dialogues.
What are the central themes of the work?
The central themes include the political, economic, and military dynamics of armed groups, the role of ideology in conflict, and the transition from violent struggle to peace negotiations.
What is the main research question?
The research asks: Under what political, economic, and military conditions do non-governmental armed groups decide to pursue dialogues to end an armed conflict?
Which scientific method is applied?
The author utilizes a Comparative Historical Research method, specifically employing the "Most Different System Design" or Mill's indirect Method of Difference to identify shared causalities across diverse case studies.
What does the main body of the work address?
The main body provides detailed analyses of three specific groups (AUC, M-19, and FMLN), evaluating their organizational structures, methods of financing, and military actions prior to entering into peace negotiations.
Which keywords characterize the work?
Key terms include armed conflict, internal conflict, dialogue, government, non-state armed groups, and comparative historical analysis.
How does the M-19 differ from the other groups studied?
The M-19 is characterized as an atypical urban guerrilla group composed largely of intellectuals, which successfully transitioned to political participation, unlike the more rural-focused or paramilitary-oriented groups.
What role does the "economy of war" play in the findings?
The findings suggest that the ability of an armed group to sustain its operations financially is a critical factor; groups that cannot support themselves through various revenue streams may be defeated rather than choosing to negotiate.
Why are the FMLN and AUC compared in this study?
They are compared to identify patterns of "causal configurations" that lead to dialogue, despite their different ideological foundations—one being a Marxist-Leninist coalition and the other a right-wing paramilitary organization.
- Citar trabajo
- Msc Political Science Julian Torres Roa (Autor), 2016, Why start to dialogue in an armed conflict?, Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/344519
