Bangladesh has made a remarkable success in the agricultural production sector. Without the mechanization, using High Yielding Verities (HYV), and so-called ‘Green Revolution’ it would have never been possible to maintain the growth and development of the agricultural sector of this country. In addition, it is the key to maintaining the national food-population balance.
This current paper attempts to investigate the consequences of ‘Green Revolution’ on crops diversity in Bangladesh. This paper attempts to show the pattern of changes that have taken place in different sectors of Bangladesh. It includes population growth, labor absorption, and land-use in agriculture, food security, nutrition, income distribution, rural poverty, and policy. Most of them are upwards sloping growth but the crops diversity in agriculture is decreasing in Bangladesh. That is the main reason for making the agriculture more vulnerable to unsustainability.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Hypothesis and Research question
Sources and Methodology
What is Green Revolution (GR)?
Green Revolution in South Asia
Green Revolution in Bangladesh
Population Growth and Green Revolution in Bangladesh
Labor Absorption and Impact on Green Revolution
Land Use Pattern in Green Revolution
Green Revolution and Food Security in Bangladesh
Green Revolution and Nutrition in Bangladesh
Green Revolution and Income Distribution in Bangladesh
Green Revolution and Rural Poverty in Bangladesh
Policy Implications
Consequences of Green Revolution: Overall Perspective
Conclusion
Objectives and Core Themes
This paper investigates the multifaceted consequences of the "Green Revolution" in Bangladesh, specifically examining its impact on agricultural crop diversity, food security, and rural socioeconomic conditions. The research seeks to determine whether the introduction of high-yielding varieties and modern agricultural technologies has led to a decline in crop variety, thereby making the nation's agricultural system more vulnerable to long-term unsustainability.
- The historical background and adoption of the Green Revolution in Bangladesh.
- Correlations between modern agricultural practices, population growth, and labor absorption.
- Analysis of land use patterns and the shift away from indigenous crop varieties.
- Socioeconomic impacts including food security, nutrition status, income distribution, and rural poverty.
- Environmental consequences, specifically regarding chemical fertilizer and pesticide dependency.
Extract from the Book
Green Revolution and Nutrition in Bangladesh
In Bangladesh, the families have 76% of more calorie intake in 1982. These increase of calorie intake also increased the fertility rate and behavior due to the biological region. In addition, biological fertility increase as the supply of nutrition increases among very poor people. It brings earlier menarche, later menopause and reduces the risk of miscarriage or stillbirth (Headey & Hoddinott, 2015).
There is no direct effect of the increase of wheat production to the linear growth of children of Bangladesh, however, there might be an effect on the general price effects (Headey & Hoddinott, 2015). While there is another study by Heady 2015 shows that indirect indications that birth size improved quite substantially from 1997 to 2011 (Headey et al. 2015), the DHS do not directly measure birth size, meaning that it cannot prove the impact of Green Revolution on nutritional intake of the families. Another reason is that lack of diversity of food grains and nutritional intake.
Summary of Chapters
Introduction: Provides the socioeconomic context of Bangladesh and introduces the research question regarding the impact of the Green Revolution on crop diversity.
Hypothesis and Research question: Posits that modern agricultural technologies have reduced crop diversity and frames the primary study question.
Sources and Methodology: Outlines the desk review approach utilizing primary and secondary data sources, including government reports and academic literature.
What is Green Revolution (GR)?: Defines the origins of the Green Revolution, including the introduction of HYV and chemical inputs in the 1960s.
Green Revolution in South Asia: Reviews the regional adoption of the Green Revolution and its general economic benefits and consequences.
Green Revolution in Bangladesh: Examines the timeline of the Green Revolution in Bangladesh and its shift toward HYV-dominated rice and wheat production.
Population Growth and Green Revolution in Bangladesh: Discusses the relationship between increased agricultural yields, nutritional intake, and population demographics.
Labor Absorption and Impact on Green Revolution: Analyzes how the Green Revolution has influenced labor patterns and farm size fragmentation.
Land Use Pattern in Green Revolution: Investigates trends in total cropped area and the challenges of land productivity.
Green Revolution and Food Security in Bangladesh: Evaluates the stability of food grain supply and the risks associated with over-dependency on rice.
Green Revolution and Nutrition in Bangladesh: Discusses the link between caloric intake, fertility, and the challenges of measuring nutritional outcomes.
Green Revolution and Income Distribution in Bangladesh: Explores the controversial impact of the Green Revolution on income inequality and land ownership.
Green Revolution and Rural Poverty in Bangladesh: Evaluates whether technological progress in agriculture has been successful in poverty alleviation.
Policy Implications: Suggests that research, extension services, and the preservation of indigenous varieties are crucial for sustainable future agriculture.
Consequences of Green Revolution: Overall Perspective: Summarizes the environmental and systemic risks, such as pesticide usage and soil degradation.
Conclusion: Synthesizes the findings, acknowledging that while the Green Revolution provided necessary food sufficiency, it created systemic vulnerabilities that require policy intervention.
Keywords
Green Revolution, Bangladesh, Agricultural Diversity, Crops Variety, Food Security, High Yielding Varieties (HYV), Nutrition, Income Distribution, Rural Poverty, Sustainability, Pesticide, Land Use, Agriculture, Fertilizer, Modern Technology
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research paper?
The paper investigates the consequences of the Green Revolution in Bangladesh, specifically how the adoption of modern agricultural practices and high-yielding crop varieties has affected crop diversity and long-term agricultural sustainability.
What are the primary themes explored?
The core themes include the impact of HYV technology on food security, income inequality, rural poverty, labor absorption, and the environmental degradation caused by chemical inputs.
What is the central research question?
The study primarily seeks to answer whether the Green Revolution has led to a decrease in crop diversity within the agricultural sector of Bangladesh.
What methodology does the author use?
The study is based on a comprehensive desk review, utilizing secondary data from government statistics, international reports (like the World Bank), and existing academic literature.
What is the main argument regarding agricultural sustainability?
The author argues that while the Green Revolution was essential for feeding a large population, the current reliance on a limited number of high-yielding varieties makes the system ecologically and economically vulnerable.
Which keywords best characterize this work?
The work is best characterized by terms such as Green Revolution, Bangladesh, Agricultural Diversity, Food Security, and Sustainability.
How has the Green Revolution affected soil and environmental health?
The paper highlights that intensive chemical fertilizer and pesticide use, coupled with monoculture farming, has led to soil fertility loss, increased pest resistance, and broader environmental pollution.
Why does the author suggest that food production gains do not equal nutritional success?
The author points out that while total caloric output has increased, the lack of crop diversity limits the intake of a broader range of nutrients, making nutritional status dependent on a narrow food base.
What policy recommendations does the research offer?
It recommends increased public investment in research and extension services, the preservation of indigenous crop varieties, and a more diversified approach to agricultural policy to mitigate the negative externalities of the Green Revolution.
- Citation du texte
- Krishna Kumar Saha (Auteur), 2016, Green Revolution and Crops Diversity in Bangladesh, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/353182
