In developing countries like Ethiopia, our day-to-day formal and informal discourses are rarely out of poverty issues that can be linked directly or indirectly. Despite the determined effort of government and development agencies to reduce poverty and ensure sustainable development, poverty remains an everlasting challenge of the world. This study aims to examine rural household poverty and its determining factors using alternative poverty measurement approaches, in case of Gozamin Woreda, East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Region.
It used both objective and subjective based poverty analysis approaches, where the survey based analysis and PPA of the study depend on randomly selected 242 and 42 sample households respectively. Using cost of basic needs approach (CBN), the poverty line of the study area is estimated as 19.16 Birr per day per adult equivalent. The study engaged Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) group of poverty measures to assess the incidence, depth and intensity of poverty and decompositions were made across sample Kebeles and socio-economic variables. OLS, logit and censored (Tobit) regression models were also applied to identify determining factors of household consumption expenditure, poverty incidence, depth and severity.
PPA findings revealed that, perception of the community towards poverty is beyond the conventional, income/consumption based definition. Therefore, development policies and poverty reduction strategies should respond to rapid rural population growth. Moreover, Dega agro-ecological areas need particular attention all the way through poverty reduction efforts.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1. Background
1.2. Problem Statement
1.2.1. Research Questions
1.3. Objectives
1.3.1. General Objective
1.3.2. Specific objectives
1.4. Significance of the Study
1.5. Scope of the Study
1.6. Description of the Study Area
1.7. Limitation of the Study
2. Literature Review
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Theoretical Literature Review
2.2.1 Understanding the concept and definition of poverty
2.2.2. Economic theories of poverty
2.2.3. Measuring Poverty
2.2.3.1. Concepts of measuring poverty
2.2.3.2. Indicators and measurements of welfare
2.2.3.3. Poverty Line
2.2.3.4. Equivalence and Economies of Scale
2.3. Empirical Literature Review
3. Research Methods
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Research Type and Approach
3.3. Sample Design
3.3.1. Sampling Techniques
3.4. Data Sources and Methods of Collection
3.5. Measurements of poverty
3.5.1. Setting Poverty Line
3.5.2. Developing Poverty Profiles
3.5.3. Poverty Indices and Decompositions
3.6. Econometric Model Specification
3.6.1. Determinants of Rural Household Poverty
3.7. Description of Variables
3.7.1. Dependant variables
3.7.2. Independent Variables
3.8. Data Analysis and Interpretation
4. Results and Discussions
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Descriptive Analysis on Socio-Demographic Characteristics of the Study
4.3. Economic characteristics of sample households
4.4. Access to Resources and Different services
4.5. Household Consumption Expenditure Analysis
4.6.2. Indices based poverty profile of the study area
4.6.3. Poverty decomposition across sample Kebeles
4.6.4. Poverty decomposition across socio-economic characteristics
4.7. Econometric Results Analysis
4.7.1. Determinants of household consumption expenditure
4.7.2. Determining factors of poverty status
4.7.3. Determinants of poverty depth and severity
4.8. Participatory Poverty Analysis
4.8.1. Perception and definition of poverty
4.8.2. Well-being ranking
4.8.3. Participatory analysis on determinants of poverty
5. Conclusions and Recommendations
5.1. Conclusions
5.2. Recommendations
Research Objectives and Themes
The study aims to examine rural household poverty and its determining factors in Gozamin Woreda, Ethiopia, using alternative measurement approaches. The central research question focuses on identifying the determinants of poverty among rural households and assessing whether poverty status varies across different quantitative and qualitative measurements.
- Objective and subjective poverty analysis approaches.
- Econometric modeling (OLS, Logit, Tobit) to identify poverty determinants.
- Multidimensional poverty assessment involving community participation.
- Decomposition of poverty across agro-ecological zones and socio-economic variables.
Auszug aus dem Buch
1.1. Background
There is a commonly used public proverb that says “there are so many words which are getting old without being internalized properly”. The basic idea is to emphasize the presence of too many issues which are frequently raised and discussed by development agents, political leaders and ordinary peoples without having in-depth understanding and know how. Poverty is among those issues raised and discussed in each and every corner of the development agenda, while it needs critical understanding to contextualize and internalize beyond the mere word. Especially, in developing countries like Ethiopia, our day-to-day formal and informal discussions are rarely out of poverty related issues where it could be linked directly or indirectly. On the other hand, understanding of a certain issue or problem is considered as having half of its means to come up with the final solution. Likewise, understanding the concept, situations and nature of poverty in a certain community or area could be taken as a vital step before proceeding to undertake subsequent actions and measures to reduce its rate and severity.
Although poverty is a widely used meaningful concept in all countries of the world, there isn’t universally agreed upon definition which can serve for all disciplines. “It often seems that if you put five academics (or policy makers) in a room you would get at least six different definitions of poverty” (Gordon, 2006). This implies that, it is common to find controversies and opinion differences among literatures on the conceptual definitions of poverty.
Summary of Chapters
Chapter One: Introduces the background and problem statement regarding rural poverty in Ethiopia, emphasizing the need for context-specific research and the multi-dimensional nature of the issue.
Chapter Two: Provides a comprehensive literature review of economic theories of poverty, measurement methodologies, and empirical studies relevant to rural settings.
Chapter Three: Details the research methodology, including the sampling design, data collection methods, and the specific econometric models (OLS, Logit, Tobit) used for poverty analysis.
Chapter Four: Presents the results and discussions of the empirical analysis, covering descriptive statistics, poverty profiling, and the findings from participatory poverty assessments.
Chapter Five: Outlines the conclusions drawn from the study and provides policy recommendations for poverty reduction based on the research findings.
Keywords
Rural household, Poverty, Foster Greer and Thorbecke (FGT), Cost of Basic Needs (CBN), Participatory poverty Assessment (PPA), Econometric modeling, Consumption expenditure, Ethiopia, Gozamin Woreda, Socio-economic determinants, Well-being ranking, Household welfare, Agricultural extension, Land holding, Agro-ecological zones
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this thesis?
The thesis focuses on examining rural household poverty and its determinants in Gozamin Woreda, Ethiopia, using both objective (survey-based) and subjective (participatory) measurement approaches.
What are the central thematic areas of the research?
Key areas include the conceptual definition of poverty, quantitative analysis of poverty incidence and depth, the socio-economic determinants of household welfare, and community perceptions of poverty.
What is the primary research goal?
The primary goal is to investigate the determinants of poverty in rural households and to analyze whether poverty status varies significantly when applying different measurement tools.
Which scientific methods are employed in this study?
The study utilizes a cross-sectional household survey combined with Participatory Poverty Assessment (PPA) tools like focus group discussions and well-being ranking, alongside econometric regression models (OLS, Logit, and Tobit).
What topics are discussed in the main body?
The main body covers theoretical frameworks, empirical literature reviews, research methodology, data analysis including descriptive statistics and econometric results, and findings from the participatory poverty assessment.
Which keywords best characterize this work?
The research is characterized by terms such as rural poverty, Cost of Basic Needs (CBN), Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) indices, household consumption expenditure, and participatory assessment.
How does this study contribute to understanding poverty in Gozamin Woreda?
It provides empirical evidence on how factors like family size, education, livestock ownership, and access to services correlate with poverty levels, offering a localized view of the multidimensional nature of poverty.
What distinguishes this research from previous studies on rural poverty?
A key distinguishing feature is the triangulation of standard objective measurement methods (consumption expenditure) with subjective Participatory Poverty Assessment (PPA) to provide a more holistic view of poverty.
- Citation du texte
- Melaku Yigzaw (Auteur), 2016, Rural Household Poverty and Its Determining Factors. A Poverty Analysis Using Alternative Measurement Approaches, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/356279
