This research aims to find out the democratic attitudes of students and their participation in politics at Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. The study focuses on the students' perceptions towards the country’s political issues, the democratic attitudes and the impact of religious orientations on democratic attitudes of young students.
The researcher used a survey method in which questionnaires were distributed among the sample. The sample size was 225 which included the respondents from all the provinces and regions of Pakistan. The researcher used SPSS as the tool for data analysis and Chi-square and Phi-coefficient tests were applied to check the relations among the variables. The overall result shows that young students neither have democratic attitudes nor participate in to political activities.
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Statement of Problem
1.2 Object of Study
1.3 Sociological significant of study
2. LITERATURE REVIEWED
2.1 Student politics in Pakistan (A Historical Back ground)
2.2 Student Politics in Developed and Developing countries
2.3 Family influence on Student politics
2.4 Student Leftist Political Wing
2.5 Political Socialization of Students
2.6 Democratic Attitude of Students
2.7 Assumption
3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
3.1 The Minimax Strategy
3.2 Figure 3.2
3.3 Application of Theory
3.4 The Power Elite Theory
3.5 Application of Theory
3.6 The Deferential Association Theory
3.7 Application of theory
3.8 Preposition
3.9 Hypothesis
3.9.1 Democratic Attitude
3.9.2 Political Participate
4. CONCEPTUALIZATION AND OPERATIONALIZATION
4.1 Conceptualization
4.1.1 Democratic
4.1.2 Attitudes
4.1.3 Student
4.1.4 Religious
4.1.5 Orientation
4.1.6 Political
4.1.7 Interest
4.2 Operationalization
4.2.1 Democratic Attitude
4.2.2 Student
4.2.3 Religious Orientation
4.2.4 Political Interest
5. METHODLOGY
5.1 Research design
5.2 Universe of the Study
5.3 Unit of Analysis
5.4 Targeted population
5.5 Sampling techniques
5.6 Sample size
5.7 Tool for data collection
5.8 Techniques for data collection
5.9 Pre-Testing
5.10 Data analysis
5.11 Screening and transformation of data
5.12 Reliability and validity in research
5.13 Opportunities and limitation of study
5.14 Ethical concern
6. RESULTS
6.1 Descriptive Analysis
6.2 Inferential Statistics
6.3 Hypothesis Testing
7. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
7.1 Discussion
7.1.1 Figure No 2
Conclusion
8. REFERENCE
Research Objectives and Thematic Focus
This research aims to analyze the democratic attitudes and political participation levels among students at Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. The primary objective is to investigate how factors like religious orientation, family background, and social class shape the political ideologies of young students, and to determine the extent to which they engage with or feel alienated from the national political landscape.
- Analysis of students' democratic perceptions vs. prevailing religious and conservative ideologies.
- Evaluation of the correlation between educational background and political efficacy.
- Examination of the role of family and social environment in fostering political attitudes.
- Investigation into the impact of military influence and corruption perceptions on student engagement.
Excerpt from the Book
3.1 The Minimax strategy
Berk (1974) explains participation of people in crowed as collective behavior. That means activities performed in crowed are not well planned in advanced, involving face-to-face contact among participants, and considerable cooperation, although he has also discussed in writing about panic as competitive collective behavior. The Fundamental assumption of this his theory is that the people actions in crowed are involves rational, goal-directed action, in which possible rewards and costs have been carefully included along with the chances of support from others in the crowd.
Rational decision and action making means while putting practicable options, estimating events that may occur, arranging information and choices in sequential order, by predicting the possible effects of alternative ways of action, judging the chances that uncertain events will occur, and choosing actions that minimize costs and maximize benefits. Since the best result for an individual in collective behavior thinks fundamentally on what other people will do, individual join collective behavior to put their own interests by applying others and through negotiation.
Berk's theory does not explain how that collective are came into being but his theory largely the process by which these proposals are sifted as the crowd moves toward collaborative action. To explain decision that made in crowd, he provide a simple equation in which the probability of a person beginning to act is a function of the product of the net expected personal reward for acting and the hope that the group may support him/ her in that action.
Summary of Chapters
INTRODUCTION: Provides an overview of the role of student politics in shaping national identity and addresses the problem statement regarding student engagement.
LITERATURE REVIEWED: Analyzes historical and sociological perspectives on student movements, specifically focusing on the context of Pakistan and global trends.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: Outlines the key academic theories used, including the Minimax Strategy, Power Elite Theory, and Deferential Association Theory to explain student behavior.
CONCEPTUALIZATION AND OPERATIONALIZATION: Defines essential terms like democracy, student, religious orientation, and political interest to standardize the research criteria.
METHODLOGY: Details the research design, sampling techniques (225 participants), and tools like SPSS used for quantitative data analysis.
RESULTS: Presents descriptive and inferential statistics based on survey data, covering demographics and various student opinions on political issues.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Synthesizes the empirical findings to conclude that young students often lack democratic attitudes and are instead influenced by religious or radical ideologies.
REFERENCE: Lists the academic sources and materials cited throughout the thesis.
Keywords
Student politics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Democratic attitude, Religious orientation, Political participation, Pakistan, Youth radicalization, Socialization, Political ideology, Civic education, Minimax strategy, Power elite, Collective behavior, Survey method, Student unions
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research?
The research focuses on evaluating the democratic attitudes of university students in Pakistan and their subsequent level of participation in political events.
What are the primary themes discussed?
The study covers the impact of religious beliefs, family influence, socioeconomic background, and educational factors on the political ideologies of students.
What is the overarching research question?
The research asks whether Pakistani youth possess democratic attitudes and if religious orientations act as a barrier to political participation.
What methodology was applied?
The researcher employed a quantitative survey method, distributing questionnaires to 225 students and using SPSS for statistical analysis, including Chi-square tests.
What topics does the main body explore?
The body explores the theoretical foundations of student collective behavior, the historical context of Pakistani politics, and detailed data analysis of student responses to various national and social issues.
Which keywords characterize this work?
The work is defined by terms like student activism, political socialization, democratic attitude, and youth radicalization.
What is the significance of the student sample at Quaid-i-Azam University?
The sample represents a diverse group of students from all provinces of Pakistan, providing a microcosm of the national youth sentiment toward democracy and governance.
What conclusion does the author reach regarding the students' democratic attitudes?
The author concludes that a significant portion of the student population lacks democratic attitudes, showing higher support for theocratic ideals and authoritarian military rule.
How does the Minimax Strategy apply to this research?
It is used to explain that student participation in political events is often a rational decision based on weighing personal costs and expected rewards.
- Citation du texte
- Sikander Ali (Auteur), 2015, The Democratic Attitudes of Students and Their Political Participation, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/379571
