Access to modern energy is a key element in rural development. This thesis identified the Impact of Small Scale Biogas Technology on Household Income and Health in Ada’a Woreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. 9 kebeles were purposively selected where there are high number of biogas users. The descriptive statistical significances and the association of the dummy and continuous variables with the dependent variable were tested using chi-square and t-test. Propensity score matching was used to assess the impact small scale biogas technology has on health and income of household.
The study found out small scale biogas technology is favorable among users due to; subsidy form the government; relatively cheap comparing to other fuel sources; as it considers the health economic and environmental benefits; as it saves fuel; it being smokeless; its durability; the fact that it cooks quickly; as it effectively uses waste from farm and produces compost for farm use. The result from Propensity score matching indicated that small scale biogas technology has a significant and positive impact on health .
So, the impact of small scale biogas technology has an average treatment effect of 8249.2, 5968.5, 9961.5, 8652.3 ETB per annum to household income using nearest neighbor, radius, kernel and stratification methods. The impact of small scale biogas technology on health, the study looked at three outcome variables; cost of the treatment for the victims in the households; the number of days spent for fuel collection per week and; total members of the household affected by indoor air pollution (IAP). The impact of biogas on cost of treatment has an average treatment effect of 320.2, 392.5, 339.2, and 332.8 ETB using nearest neighbor, radius, kernel and stratification methods respectively.
The impact of biogas on number days spent for fuel collection has an average treatment effect of -1.5, -1.4, -1.3, and -1.3 days using nearest neighbor, radius, kernel and stratification methods respectively. Lastly the impact of using small scale biogas technology on total members of household that are affected by the illness -1.2, -1.2, -1.2, and -1.2, member using nearest neighbor, radius, kernel and stratification methods respectively. As the technology has a great potential in promoting sustainable and renewable energy, much effort should be done in promoting the technology, awareness raising to non-user household and peer education should be done.
Table of Contents
1.1. Background
1.2. Statement of the Problem
1.3. Objective of the Study
1.3.1. General Objective
1.3.2. Specific Objectives
1.4. Significance of the Study
1.5. Scope and Limitation of the Study
1.6. Ethical Consideration
1.7. Organization of the Paper
2.1. Energy, Sustainable Development and Biogas
2.1.1. The Concept of Energy
2.1.2. Interface between Energy and Sustainable Development Goals
2.1.3. What is Renewable Energy?
2.1.4. Energy and Biogas in Ethiopia
2.2. Theoretical LiteratureReview
2.2.1. Household Energy Transition in Developing Countries
2.2.1.1. The Energy ladder
2.2.1.2. Energy Stacking Model
2.2.1.3. Energy Leapfrogging
2.3. Empirical Related Review
2.3.1. Health benefits of Biogas
2.3.2. Biogas and Household Income
2.4. ConceptualFramework Model
3.1. Description of the Study Area
3.2. Study Design
3.3. Data Sources
3.4. Sample Size Determination and Sampling Techniques and Procedures
3.4.1. Sample Size Determination
3.4.2. Sampling Techniques
3.5. Tools of Data Collection
3.6. Data Processing and Analysis
3.6.1. Descriptive Data Analysis
3.6.2. Econometric Analysis
3.7. Description of variable
4.1. Descriptive Statistics and Discussion
4.1.1. Social-economic and Demographic Characteristics of Respondents
4.2. Econometrics Analysis
5.1. Conclusions
5.2. Recommendation
Research Objectives and Key Topics
The primary goal of this thesis is to assess the socio-economic and health impacts of small-scale biogas technology on households in the Ada’a Woreda region of Ethiopia. By comparing biogas users with non-users, the study investigates how this renewable energy source influences household income, health status, and gender-related workload burdens.
- The economic impact of biogas technology on household annual income.
- Health benefits, specifically the reduction of indoor air pollution (IAP) and medical treatment costs.
- The influence of biogas on household time allocation and gender dynamics.
- Empirical evaluation of biogas adoption using Propensity Score Matching (PSM).
- The role of household assets, such as livestock ownership, in the adoption of renewable energy technology.
Excerpt from the Book
2.3.1. Health benefits of Biogas
The utilization of biogas innovation has various wellbeing and social advantages. The medical advantages incorporate: lessening in smoke borne illnesses, for example, migraine, eye-consuming, eye-contamination, and respiratory organ disease; change in family sanitation by means of latrine association with bio digesters and nonattendance of sooth and fiery remains in the kitchen; and lessening in consuming mishaps (Ghimire, 2008). Essentially, Bajgain and Shakya (2005) uncovered that usage of biogas extraordinarily enhances the nature of indoor air. It consumes neatly with the goal that its utilization limits eye diseases which comes about because of consuming of conventional biomass powers. In addition, it helps looking after sanitation of zones encompassing families by means of fertilizer administration and clean toilets associated with biogas digesters. Consequently, it brings down the likelihood of development of infectious maladies. At the end of the day, as expressed by Aggarangsi et al. (2013), biogas innovation gives medical advantages not exclusively to its clients yet in addition to the entire network in its environs.
All inclusive, around two million passings per year from pneumonia, unending lung illness, and lung malignancy are connected to indoor air contamination from the utilization of strong powers. In slightest created and Sub Saharan Africa nations, the greater part of the considerable number of passings from these three infections are related with strong fuel utilize while it is simply around 38 % for the general creating nations (Legros et al., 2009). Hence, clean vitality mediations, for example, scattering of biogas innovation in these locales can significantly lessen passings because of indoor air contamination.
Summary of Chapters
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION: This chapter introduces the energy challenges in rural Ethiopia and outlines the potential role of small-scale biogas technology in promoting sustainable development and poverty reduction.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW: This section provides a theoretical and empirical overview of household energy transitions, including the energy ladder and stacking models, and reviews existing studies on the health and economic impacts of biogas.
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: The chapter describes the study area in Ada’a Woreda, the research design, sampling procedures, and the application of the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) econometric model.
CHAPTER 4: RESULT AND DISCUSSION: This chapter presents the empirical findings regarding the demographic characteristics of respondents and the statistical impact of biogas adoption on household income and health.
Chapter 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION: The final chapter summarizes the positive impacts of biogas technology and provides policy recommendations to enhance the adoption and maintenance of these systems.
Keywords
Biogas, Indoor Air Pollution, IAP, Household Income, Propensity Score Matching, PSM, Renewable Energy, Sustainable Development, Rural Development, Ethiopia, Energy Transition, Bio-slurry, Energy Ladder, Household Welfare, Clean Energy.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research?
The research examines the impact of small-scale biogas technology on household income, health, and general welfare in the Ada’a Woreda region of Ethiopia.
What are the primary thematic areas covered in this thesis?
The work focuses on household energy consumption patterns, the health benefits linked to reduced indoor air pollution, economic gains through biogas adoption, and gender-specific time savings.
What is the central research question?
The study seeks to determine whether the adoption of small-scale biogas technology significantly improves the livelihood and welfare of rural households compared to non-adopters.
Which scientific methodology is employed for the analysis?
The study employs a quasi-experimental design using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to compare the outcomes between biogas users and non-users, supported by descriptive statistics and t-tests.
What topics are discussed in the main body?
The main body covers the theoretical framework of energy transitions, a review of empirical literature on biogas, the methodology for data collection and analysis, and the discussion of results regarding socio-economic impacts.
What are the key terms associated with this study?
The key terms include Biogas, IAP (Indoor Air Pollution), Income, Propensity Score Matching, and Renewable Energy.
How does biogas affect the workload of women in rural households?
Biogas significantly reduces the time spent on collecting firewood and cleaning kitchen utensils, allowing women to redirect this time toward education, household care, or income-generating activities.
What specific health improvements were identified for biogas users?
Users experience a lower incidence of indoor air pollution-related illnesses, such as respiratory problems and eye irritation, and consequently incur lower medical treatment costs.
- Citation du texte
- Woubakal Tesfaye (Auteur), 2018, The Impact of Small Scale Biogas Technology on Household Income and Health in Ada'a Woreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/437018
