This thesis will examine supplier risk management and provide prospects to minimize these risks. Thus, the thesis will identify latent quality risks for automotive companies by introducing unknown suppliers and discloses methodological measures to minimize proactively such risks through the systematic of supplier quality management. The research is going to contribute a solution approach on this research problem that can be applied as a guideline to minimize supplier quality risks. Consequently, the theoretical framework for quality management and risk management will be examined by this thesis and existing tools and methods are compiled. A research study will be elaborated with findings and analysis from expert’s knowledge. These research findings will be combined subsequently with the theoretical framework and will culminate in a recommended approach to achieve supplier risk minimization.
With an increasing demand, the automotive industry must deal with the reliability of vehicles and components. The success of many companies is based on the quality of their products, especially for companies operating successfully on the global market. In fact, all the car manufacturers as well as their suppliers are expanding their production capacities in the growth region China. Thereby new, innovative suppliers need to be established which are quality-capable. Of great importance is high quality, absolute delivery reliability together with unrivaled low prices. Stable partnerships are required with suppliers to rely on in the long-term. A New Supplier Introduction represents a risk for quality particularly when the supplier starts from a Greenfield. The major problem when nominating new suppliers is that there is no security in advance for the quality performance of the new supplier in series and that the companies depend on their suppliers with their quality performance. The nomination of the dedicated suppliers has to be done without field experience or quality performance key indicators.
Table of Contents
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Problem Definition and Research Questions
1.3 Aims and Objectives
1.4 Thesis Outland and Structure
2. Concepts and Theoretical Framework
2.1 Supplier Quality Management
2.1.1 Need for Quality Management
2.1.2 Supplier Quality Management
2.2 New Supplier Risk Management
2.2.1 Risk Definition and Risk Management
2.2.2 Risks, uncertainties and threats by new suppliers
2.3 Chinese Supplier “<Name>”
2.3.1 Chinese Supplier “Precision Products Manufacturing”
2.3.2 Risk situation at <SUPPLIER>
2.4 Intercultural competence for China
3. Tools and Methods to manage supplier risks
3.1 Strategic measures for risk minimization
3.2 Contract Management towards suppliers
3.2.1 General Quality Agreement
3.2.2 Strategic Supplier Contract
3.2.3 Feasibility Commitment
3.3 Methodological elements
3.3.1 Project Management
3.3.2 TS 16949 Requirements
3.3.3 ISO 9001
3.3.4 Qualified Supplier Location
3.3.5 VDA 6.3 Process Audit
3.3.6 Potential Analysis
3.3.7 Maturity Evaluation
3.3.8 Supplier Component Review
3.3.9 APQP - Advanced product quality planning
3.3.10 PPAP - Production Part Approval Process
3.3.11 FMEA - Failure Mode Effects Analysis
3.3.12 Run@Rate / Capacity confirmation
3.3.13 Poka-Yoke
3.3.14 Safe Launch Concept
3.3.15 Final delivery release by customer
4. Methodology
4.1 Introduction to Research Methodology
4.2 Research Design and Process
4.2.1 Design
4.2.2 Process
4.2.3 Framework
4.3 Research Method
4.3.1 Qualitative Research Characteristics
4.3.2 Criteria of Qualitative Research
4.3.3 Data Collection Method
4.3.4 Structured Interview Section
4.3.5 Semi-Structured Interview Section
4.3.6 Interview procedure and participants
4.4 Analysis Method
5. Findings
5.1.1 Relevance of New Supplier Introduction
5.1.2 Main risks of NSI
5.1.3 Application of Tools and Methods
5.1.4 Effectiveness of methods
5.1.5 Lack of risk evaluation
5.1.6 Lack of Central SQM NSI
5.1.7 Dependencies on individual person and supplier
5.1.8 Ideas and improvement potential
5.1.9 Supplier Development
5.1.10 Purchasing and Escalation
5.1.11 Backup Strategy and Second Source
5.1.12 Proactive Risk Management before NSI
5.1.13 Summary
6. Discussion of Results
6.1 Outcome
6.2 Recommended Approach
6.3 Effort of time, money and personnel
7. Conclusion
7.1 Limitations
7.2 Suggestion for further research and Outlook
Research Objectives and Themes
The primary objective of this thesis is to identify latent quality risks associated with the introduction of unknown suppliers in the automotive industry and to provide a structured, methodological approach for minimizing these risks through systematic Supplier Quality Management (SQM). The research specifically addresses the challenge of nominating "Greenfield" suppliers who lack prior field performance indicators or established quality records.
- Identification of common quality risks during New Supplier Introductions (NSI).
- Evaluation of existing quality assurance tools and their effectiveness in risk mitigation.
- Analysis of intercultural challenges when sourcing from Chinese suppliers.
- Development of a recommended procedural framework for supplier risk minimization.
- Investigation of the necessary resources (time, money, personnel) for launching new suppliers.
Excerpt from the Book
3.3.1 Project Management
To develop and receive a supplier product that meets the quality requirements, while holding time and cost targets, requires an early and well-organized cooperation of all specialist fields under involvement of the selected suppliers. This ensures an optimal design, a quality capable manufacturing process and a trouble-free launch of series production. Moreover, consistent project management ensures a goal-oriented project running.
Beginning with project approval, a person in charge of the project has to be appointed to coordinate all planning activities. This includes the set-up of the project team and, if required, the invitation of additional representatives of the specialist areas. Project leader and team have to work on behalf of the company’s management. The executive management decides on the targets for products, volumes, quality, prices, timing and sometimes also on the designated suppliers in the individual projects. To sum up, within project organization at least the following three key points must be considered:
Summary of Chapters
1. Introduction: Discusses the automotive industry's reliance on external suppliers and defines the central research problem concerning quality risks in new supplier nominations.
2. Concepts and Theoretical Framework: Establishes the theoretical foundation for Quality Management, risk management definitions, and specific challenges related to Chinese suppliers and intercultural competence.
3. Tools and Methods to manage supplier risks: Compiles and explains various strategic and methodological instruments such as APQP, PPAP, VDA 6.3 audits, and FMEA used for risk mitigation.
4. Methodology: Describes the qualitative research design, the use of expert interviews, and the iterative process for data collection and analysis.
5. Findings: Presents the primary results derived from expert interviews, highlighting both effective and ineffective management tools and identifying key areas for improvement.
6. Discussion of Results: Integrates theoretical concepts with empirical findings to propose a systematic, proactive approach for supplier risk minimization.
7. Conclusion: Summarizes the research findings, acknowledges limitations, and provides an outlook for future investigation into supplier risk management practices.
Keywords
Supplier Quality Management, New Supplier Introduction, Risk Minimization, Risk Management, Automotive Quality, China Sourcing, APQP, PPAP, VDA 6.3, FMEA, Project Management, Supplier Development, Process Audit, Quality Assurance, Supply Chain Risk
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this thesis?
The work focuses on minimizing quality risks when introducing new, unknown suppliers to the automotive supply chain, specifically addressing the challenges of Greenfield supplier locations.
What are the primary thematic areas covered?
The key themes include Supplier Quality Management (SQM), systematic risk management, intercultural cooperation with Chinese suppliers, and the application of standardized automotive quality tools.
What is the primary research question?
The thesis aims to answer which quality risks exist in New Supplier Introductions and how these can be methodically minimized using systematic SQM.
Which scientific methods are applied?
A qualitative research approach is used, incorporating literature analysis and structured, semi-structured expert interviews with professionals in supplier management.
What is covered in the main section of the book?
The main section details existing tools (e.g., VDA 6.3, APQP, PPAP), explains strategic risk management, and analyzes findings from expert interviews to propose a new, proactive methodology for supplier releases.
Which keywords best characterize this research?
Important keywords include New Supplier Introduction (NSI), Supplier Quality Management, Risk Minimization, China Sourcing, and APQP.
What is the significance of the "Pre-PPAP" phase mentioned in the recommended approach?
The Pre-PPAP is proposed as a vital step to filter out potential product deviations before the official submission, allowing for measurement alignment and ensuring the supplier's readiness.
How does the author address the risk of cultural barriers?
The author emphasizes the importance of intercultural competence, face-to-face relationship building, and the clear distinction between superficial communication and technical feasibility, noting that "yes" in a project status meeting may not always reflect technical compliance.
What resources are typically required to manage a new supplier overseas?
The research concludes that a significant effort is required, specifically estimating the full-time work of one dedicated person over a total period of one year for a complex supplier introduction.
- Citation du texte
- Anonym (Auteur), 2018, New Supplier Introduction. Risk Minimization through Supplier Quality Management using the Example of a Chinese Automotive Supplier, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/464999
